Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by NPK fertilization.

Nutrient use efficiency is crucial for increasing crop yield and quality while reducing fertilizer inputs and minimizing environmental damage. The experiments were carried out in silty clay loam soil of Lalitpur, Nepal, to examine how different amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) influenced crop performance and nutrient efficiency indices in wheat during 2019/20 and 2020/21. The field experiment comprised three factorial randomized complete block designs that were replicated three times.

A task-shifted speech therapy program for cleft palate patients in rural Nepal: Evaluating impact and associated healthcare barriers.

Introduction: Though access to surgical care for cleft lip/palate has expanded in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), post-palatoplasty speech therapy is often lacking due to limited healthcare infrastructure and personnel. This mixed-methods study seeks to: 1) evaluate the impact of task-shifted speech therapy on a standardized speech score; 2) describe the experiences of families with post-operative cleft care and associated barriers; and 3) understand how to optimize cleft care by exploring the experiences of children who had nominal improvements after task-shifted speech therapy.

Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted in Nepal.

Nepali Linguistic Validation of the Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Effects on Life Outcomes Instrument: VELO-Nepali.

Objective: To translate and validate the velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) effects on life outcomes (VELO) instrument into Nepali, and test its internal consistency and validity.

Design: Quality-of-life instrument translation and validation.

Setting: Community served by Nepal's craniofacial referral hospital.