The Associations of Loneliness and Social Support with Cognitive Impairment among Middle-Aged and Older Individuals with Diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with significant morbidity and mortality and it is associated with poor cognitive performance in later life. This study seeks to determine the relationship between social support and cognitive function among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We used data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, including participants with T2DM aged 45 and older (n = 4821).

Comment on Chandler et al. 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination Does Not Prevent Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalizations Due to Vaccine-Type . 2022, , 560.

The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) targets 23 common serotypes and is recommended for use in adults in various countries to protect against pneumococcal infection. Test-negative design (TND) studies aim to include cases and controls from the same healthcare facilities; however, design choices or limitations associated with conducting real-world research can affect the study results. Here, we highlight how some methodological limitations may have affected results and conclusions of a published study described by Chandler et al.

Linking Data on Constituent Health with Elected Officials' Opinions: Associations Between Urban Health Disparities and Mayoral Officials' Beliefs About Health Disparities in Their Cities.

Unlabelled: Policy Points Mayoral officials' opinions about the existence and fairness of health disparities in their city are positively associated with the magnitude of income-based life expectancy disparity in their city. Associations between mayoral officials' opinions about health disparities in their city and the magnitude of life expectancy disparity in their city are not moderated by the social or fiscal ideology of mayoral officials or the ideology of their constituents. Highly visible and publicized information about mortality disparities, such as that related to COVID-19 disparities, has potential to elevate elected officials' perceptions of the severity of health disparities and influence their opinions about the issue.

US Mayors' and Health Commissioners' Opinions About Health Disparities in Their Cities.

Objectives: To characterize US mayors' and health commissioners' opinions about health disparities in their cities and identify factors associated with these opinions.

Methods: We conducted a multimodal survey of mayors and health commissioners in fall-winter 2016 (n = 535; response rate = 45.2%).