How to enhance persulfate processes by external-field effects: From fundamentals to applications.

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) are considered as efficient techniques for the degradation of contaminants, whereas the effective activation methods for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation play vital roles in PS-AOPs. However, the internal electric field mediated activation methods, like introducing chemicals and materials, are often restricted by their intrinsic properties. Conversely, the introduction of external fields can provide extra energy to remarkably enhance the PS activation performance from outside, acting as an additional impetus to promote the cleavage of OO bond and thus improve the generation efficiency of ROS.

Environmental micro-molar HO reduces the efficiency of glyphosate biodegradation in soil.

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used pesticides globally. The environmental micro-molar hydrogen peroxide (HO)-driven Fenton reaction has been reported to degrade herbicides in natural water. However, the impact of micro-molar HO (50 μM) on the degradation of glyphosate in soil and glyphosate-degrading bacteria remains unclear.

Occurrence and health risks of multiple emerging bisphenol S analogues in pregnant women from South China.

Recently, there has been increasing concern regarding the emergence of bisphenol S analogues (BPSs) due to their potential toxicity. However, their exposure levels and associated health risks in susceptible populations remain unknown. In our study, we analyzed bisphenol A (BPA), along with 11 common BPA analogues (BPAs), and nine emerging BPSs in urine samples collected from 381 pregnant women in South China.

Aged polystyrene microplastics exposure affects apoptosis via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in early life of zebrafish.

In recent years, the toxic effects of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic organisms have been increasingly recognized. However, the developmental toxicity and underlying mechanisms of photoaged MPs at environmental concentrations remain unclear. Therefore, the photodegradation of pristine polystyrene (P-PS) under UV irradiation was used to investigate, as well as the developmental toxicity and underlying mechanisms of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to P-PS and aged polystyrene (A-PS) at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.

Neonicotinoid insecticides and metabolites levels in neonatal first urine from southern China: Exploring links to preterm birth.

Neonicotinoids (NEOs) have indeed become the most widely used insecticides worldwide. Concerns have been raised about their potential impact on newborns due to maternal exposure and their unique neurotoxic mode of action. However, it is still poorly understood whether in utero exposure of pregnant women to environmental NEOs and their metabolites can cause carryover effects on vulnerable newborns and subsequent health consequences.

Biomonitoring of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid: Current insights and future perspectives.

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides globally, raising concerns about its potential impact on human health. Biomonitoring studies play a crucial role in assessing human exposure to glyphosate and providing valuable insights into its distribution and metabolism in the body. This review aims to summarize the current trends and future perspectives in biomonitoring of glyphosate and its major degradation product of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA).

A salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction method for 25 emerging pesticides in follicular fluid.

Emerging pesticides of neonicotinoids (NEOs) and "Universal Pesticides" (UPs) are a growing global concern due to their growing commercial importance and potential risks to human health. The currently available analytical methods for these pesticides in biomonitoring were usually tailored for limited number of analytes, or were time consuming and costly. In this study, an efficient and sensitive method for the analysis of 16 NEOs and nine UPs in human follicular fluid (FF) was developed by using a salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Neonicotinoid insecticides and their metabolites: Specimens tested, analytical methods and exposure characteristics in humans.

The use of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) has been rising globally due to their broad-spectrum insecticidal activity, unique mode of neurotoxic action and presumed low mammalian toxicity. Given their growing ubiquity in the environment and neurological toxicity to non-target mammals, human exposure to NEOs is flourishing and now becomes a big issue. In the present work, we demonstrated that 20 NEOs and their metabolites have been reported in different human specimens with urine, blood and hair as the dominance.

Occurrence of multiple bisphenol S analogues in children from Shantou, China.

Emerging bisphenol S analogues (BPSs) have gained their application perspectives to replace bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA analogues (BPAs). However, the extent of human exposure and potential health risk from BPSs is rarely known yet. We hypothesized that children living in Shantou, China, a well-known e-waste recycling city, may expose to emerging BPSs together with BPA and BPAs.

Neonicotinoids residues in cow milk and health risks to the Chinese general population.

The application of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) has increased dramatically in the world since being introduced in 1990s, yet the extent of human exposure and potential health risk is not fully unraveled. In this study, the residues were analyzed of 16 NEOs and their metabolites in 205 commercial cow milk samples circulating in Chinese market. All the milk samples contained at least one quantified NEO, and over 90% of samples contained a cocktail of NEOs.

Occurrence of emerging bisphenol S analogues in urine from five occupational populations in South China.

Bisphenol S (BPS) and its 11 emerging analogues were investigated in 325 urine samples from five occupational populations in South China. Besides BPS, ten emerging BPS analogues were newly identified and detected in the urine. It should be noted that urinary concentrations of dominant BPS analogues of 2,4'-bis(hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (2,4-BPS), bis(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (TGSA) and diphenylsulfone (DPS) were 1.

Molecular structure on the detoxification of fluorinated liquid crystal monomers with reactive oxidation species in the photocatalytic process.

Fluorinated liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are begun to emerge as new persistent organic pollutants. Herein, the structure-reactivity relationships of fluorinated LCMs 1,2,3-trifluoro-5-[3-(3-propylcyclohexyl)cyclohexyl]benzene (TPrCB), 1,2-difluoro-4-[-4-(-4-propylcyclohexyl)cyclohexyl]benzene (DPrCB), 4-[(trans,trans)-4'-(3-Buten-1-yl)[1,1'-bicyclohexyl]-4-yl]-1,2-difluoro-benzene (BBDB) and 1-[4-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)cyclohexyl]-4(trifluoromethoxy)benzene (ECTB) subject to photocatalysis-generated oxidation species were investigated. The degradation rate constant of BBDB was 3.

Magnetic porous biochar with high specific surface area derived from microwave-assisted hydrothermal and pyrolysis treatments of water hyacinth for Cr(Ⅵ) and tetracycline adsorption from water.

Magnetic porous water hyacinth-derived biochar (MPBC) was synthesized via two-step Microwave (MW)-assisted processes. Characterization results not only testified high specific surface area (2097.50 m/g) of the MPBC assisted by MW-assisted pyrolysis, but also revealed its favorable magnetism derived from MW-assisted hydrothermal process.

Insight into the effects of hydroxyl groups on the rates and pathways of tetracycline antibiotics degradation in the carbon black activated peroxydisulfate oxidation process.

To investigate the effects of hydroxyl groups on the degradation of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), three kinds of TCs [tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), and doxycycline (DTC)] were chosen as the target molecules and then degraded in the carbon black (CB)-activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) oxidation process. The degradation ratios of the TC, OTC, and DTC in the CB/PDS oxidation process reached 52%, 60%, and 87% within 40 min, respectively, with the degradation rate following the order of DTC > OTC > TC. According to the density functional theory calculations, these three TCs have different charge distributions, electrostatic potential distributions and average local ionization energy, which are caused by the distinct hydroxyl group position, thus contribute to the different degradation ratios and reaction rate constants.

Near-infrared light to heat conversion in peroxydisulfate activation with MoS: A new photo-activation process for water treatment.

The advantage of light-to-heat conversion can be employed as an optical alternative for environmental remediation. As a proof of concept, for the first time we introduce the light-to-heat conversion application in peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation by molybdenum disulphide (MoS) under near infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Theoretical kinetics analysis suggests that the reaction rates of PDS activation is increased up to 9.

Structure-dependent degradation of nitroimidazoles by cobalt-manganese layered double hydroxide catalyzed peroxymonosulfate process.

The increasing concentration of nitroimidazoles antibiotics (NIs) in the water environment has great threat to human and ecosystem security. Herein, the degradation rates of four NIs were found to vary with their molecular structures using CoMn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) catalyzed peroxymonosulfate oxidation process. Specifically, the degradation efficiency of secnidazole (SNZ) was determined to be the highest with a reaction rate of 0.

Surface dual redox cycles of Mn(III)/Mn(IV) and Cu(I)/Cu(II) for heterogeneous peroxymonosulfate activation to degrade diclofenac: Performance, mechanism and toxicity assessment.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on heterogeneous catalytic activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have been becoming alternatives to conventional wastewater treatment technologies to directly degrade chemical contaminants. To build dual/multi redox cycles of different metal ions may be an effective means for better PMS activation. Herein, this study designed MnO/CuBiO with dual redox cycles of Mn(III)/Mn(IV) and Cu(I)/Cu(II) to activate PMS for efficiently decomposing and mineralizing diclofenac sodium (DCF).

In situ photoreduction of structural Fe(III) in a metal-organic framework for peroxydisulfate activation and efficient removal of antibiotics in real wastewater.

Structural Fe(III) is widely found in various coordination complexes and inorganic compounds. In this work, a typical Fe-based metal organic framework (MOF) (viz. MIL-100(Fe)) was chosen as an example in the activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) for the removal of antibiotic pollutants.

New insight into the substituents affecting the peroxydisulfate nonradical oxidation of sulfonamides in water.

The large consumption and discharge of sulfonamides (SAs) have potentially induced antibiotic resistance genes, posing inestimable threats to humans and ecosystems. In the present study, five SAs with different substituents were regarded as target compounds to be degraded using the nonradical dominated peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation process by the combination of O oxidation and direct electron transfer. The degradation rates, toxicities and pathways of SAs largely varied with their substituents.

A review of graphene-based nanomaterials for removal of antibiotics from aqueous environments.

Antibiotics as emerging pharmaceutical pollutants have seriously not only threatened human life and animal health security, but also caused environmental pollution. It has drawn enormous attention and research interests in the study of antibiotics removal from aqueous environments. Graphene, an interesting one-atom-thick, 2D single-layer carbon sheet with sp hybridized carbon atoms, has become an important agent for removal of antibiotic, owing to its unique physiochemical properties.

Upgrading liquor-making wastewater into medium chain fatty acid: Insights into co-electron donors, key microflora, and energy harvest.

Ethanol and lactate are considered suitable electron donors (EDs) for chain elongation (CE); however, their respective shortcomings still limit the substrate conversion ratio and medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) production. To address this limitation, different EDs and electron acceptors (EAs) were combined to compare their CE performances, and to investigate whether the combination of ethanol and lactate could further enhance the MCFA production based on the complementary characteristics of ethanol and lactate. The results verified, for the first time, ethanol and lactate as the co-EDs formed a cooperative relationship to largely promote the conversion of substrates into MCFA.

Hydroxyl radical dominated degradation of aquatic sulfamethoxazole by Fe/bisulfite/O: Kinetics, mechanisms, and pathways.

In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the key factors on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal kinetics in a new AOPs based on the combination of zero valent iron (Fe) and bisulfite (S(IV)). With the increase of Fe from 0.25 mM to 5 mM, the removal rate of SMX was linearly increased in the Fe/S(IV)/O system by accelerating the activation of S(IV) and Fe corrosion to accelerate.

Enhancing sludge biodegradability and volatile fatty acid production by tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate pretreatment.

A new pretreatment method based on tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) biocide was tried to enhance sludge disintegration, and improved sludge biodegradability and subsequent volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. Sludge activity decreased to less than 10% after 2 days pretreatment using 20mg/g-TSS THPS, which also obviously destroyed EPS and cell membrane, and dissolved more biodegradable substances (48.8%) than raw sludge (19.