Comorbidities associated with adult asthma: a population-based matched cohort study in Finland.

Background: Asthma is a common chronic disease characterised by variable respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, affecting roughly 4%-10% of the adult population. Adult asthma is associated with higher all-cause mortality compared to individuals without asthma. In this study, we investigate the comorbidities that may affect the management of asthma.

Ethinylestradiol in combined hormonal contraceptive has a broader effect on serum proteome compared with estradiol valerate: a randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Does an estradiol-based combined oral contraceptive (COC) have a milder effect on the serum proteome than an ethinylestradiol (EE)-based COC or dienogest (DNG) only?

Summary Answer: The changes in serum proteome were multifold after the use of a synthetic EE-based COC compared to natural estrogen COC or progestin-only preparation.

What Is Known Already: EE-based COCs widely affect metabolism, inflammation, hepatic protein synthesis and blood coagulation. Studies comparing serum proteomes after the use of COCs containing EE and natural estrogens are lacking.

Data-driven comorbidity analysis of 100 common disorders reveals patient subgroups with differing mortality risks and laboratory correlates.

The populational heterogeneity of a disease, in part due to comorbidity, poses several complexities. Individual comorbidity profiles, on the other hand, contain useful information to refine phenotyping, prognostication, and risk assessment, and they provide clues to underlying biology. Nevertheless, the spectrum and the implications of the diagnosis profiles remain largely uncharted.

Urinary extracellular vesicles carry multiple activators and regulators of coagulation.

Cells shape their extracellular milieu by secreting intracellular products into the environment including extracellular vesicles which are lipid-bilayer limited membrane particles. These vesicles carry out a range of functions, including regulation of coagulation, via multiple contributor mechanisms. Urinary extracellular vesicles are secreted by various cells, lining the urinary space, including the nephron and bladder.

Quantitative bile and serum proteomics for the screening and differential diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease characterized by biliary strictures, cholestasis, and a markedly increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma. New markers for the screening and differential diagnosis of PSC are needed. In this pilot study, we have analyzed both the bile and serum proteomic profiles of 80 PSC patients and non-PSC controls (n = 6 for bile and n = 18 for serum).

Quantitative glycoproteomics of human milk and association with atopic disease.

The prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma is increasing rapidly worldwide, with environmental and lifestyle behaviors implicated as a reason. Epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on farms are at lower risk of developing childhood atopic disease, indicating the presence of a protective "farm effect". The Old Order Mennonite (OOM) community in Upstate New York have traditional, agrarian lifestyles, a low rate of atopic disease, and long periods of exclusive breastfeeding.

Radiological score of computed tomography scans predicts revision surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: Evaluate computed tomography (CT) signs that predict need for revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods: CRS patients (n = 48) underwent routine sinus CT scans and baseline ESS in 2006-2011. Lund-Mackay (LM) scores and 43 other CT signs were analysed blinded from both sides.

Diseases with oral manifestations among adult asthmatics in Finland: a population-based matched cohort study.

Objectives: Many comorbidities are associated with adult asthma and may exacerbate the asthma burden of disease. This study aims to investigate the risk for major oral diseases or oral-manifesting diseases in asthmatic compared with non-asthmatic adults.

Design: We conducted a population-based matched cohort study with a 13.

Plasma proteome of brain-dead organ donors predicts heart transplant outcome.

Background: The pathophysiological changes related to brain death may affect the quality of the transplanted organs and expose the recipients to risks. We probed systemic changes reflected in donor plasma proteome and investigated their relationship to heart transplant outcomes.

Methods: Plasma samples from brain-dead multi-organ donors were analyzed by label-free protein quantification using high-definition mass spectrometry.

Orexin-A measurement in narcolepsy: A stability study and a comparison of LC-MS/MS and immunoassays.

Background: Orexin-A and -B are neuropeptides involved in sleep-wake regulation. In human narcolepsy type 1, this cycle is disrupted due to loss of orexin-producing neurons in the hypothalamus. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) orexin-A measurement is used in the diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1.

Genomics of asthma, allergy and chronic rhinosinusitis: novel concepts and relevance in airway mucosa.

Genome wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed several airway disease-associated risk loci. Their role in the onset of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), however, is not yet fully understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate the airway relevance of loci and genes identified in GWAS studies.

Extracellular vesicles from human plasma and serum are carriers of extravesicular cargo-Implications for biomarker discovery.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in human blood are a potential source of biomarkers. To which extent anticoagulation affects their concentration, cellular origin and protein composition is largely unexplored. To study this, blood from 23 healthy subjects was collected in acid citrate dextrose (ACD), citrate or EDTA, or without anticoagulation to obtain serum.

Application of the UHPLC-DIA-HRMS Method for Determination of Cheese Peptides.

Until now, cheese peptidomics approaches have been criticised for their lower throughput. Namely, analytical gradients that are most commonly used for mass spectrometric detection are usually over 60 or even 120 min. We developed a cheese peptide mapping method using nano ultra-high-performance chromatography data-independent acquisition high-resolution mass spectrometry (nanoUHPLC-DIA-HRMS) with a chromatographic gradient of 40 min.

Label-free proteomics reveals serum proteins whose levels differ between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients with short or long survival.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common and aggressive type of pancreatic cancer, with a 5-year survival rate that is less than 10%. New biomarkers to aid in predicting the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients are needed. Previous proteomic studies have to a great extent focused on finding proteins of value for the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Plasma protein expression differs between colorectal cancer patients depending on primary tumor location.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) includes tumors in the right colon, left colon, and rectum, although they differ significantly from each other in aspects such as prognosis and treatment. Few previous mass spectrometry-based studies have analyzed differences in protein expression depending on the tumor location. In this study, we have used mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyze plasma samples from 83 CRC patients to study if differences in plasma protein expression can be seen depending on primary tumor location (right colon, left colon, or rectum).

Label-free plasma proteomics identifies haptoglobin-related protein as candidate marker of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and dysregulation of complement and oxidative pathways.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung parenchymal disease of unknown cause usually occurring in older adults. It is a chronic and progressive condition with poor prognosis and diagnosis is largely clinical. Currently, there exist few biomarkers that can predict patient outcome or response to therapies.

Preoperative Radiotherapy Leads to Significant Differences in the Plasma Protein Profile of Rectal Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, accounting for 10% of the global cancer burden. Rectal cancer accounts for around 30% of CRC cases, and patients with resectable rectal cancer are often given preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) to reduce the rate of local recurrence. The human plasma proteome is an exceptionally complex proteome and ideal to study due to its ability to reflect the presence of diseases such as cancer and the ease of obtaining blood samples.

Identification of several plasma proteins whose levels in colorectal cancer patients differ depending on outcome.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands for 10% of the worldwide cancer burden and has recently become the second most common cause of cancer death. The 5-year survival rate depends mainly on stage at diagnosis. Mass spectrometric proteomic analysis is widely used to study the plasma proteome, which is complex and contains multitudes of proteins.

Thromboinflammatory changes in plasma proteome of pregnant women with PCOS detected by quantitative label-free proteomics.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disorder of fertile-aged women. Several adverse pregnancy outcomes and abnormalities of the placenta have been associated with PCOS. By using quantitative label-free proteomics we investigated whether changes in the plasma proteome of pregnant women with PCOS could elucidate the mechanisms behind the pathologies observed in PCOS pregnancies.

Hierarchical clustering in evaluating inflammatory upper airway phenotypes; increased symptoms in adults with allergic multimorbidity.

Background: Inflammatory upper airway diseases cause significant morbidity. They include phenotypes with different treatment; allergic or non-allergic rhinitis (AR, nAR), and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP, CRSsNP). In clinical practice, these phenotypes are often difficult to distinguish and may overlap.

Plasma bradykinin concentrations during septic shock determined by a novel LC-MS/MS assay.

Background: Bradykinin is an important mediator of inflammation and vascular permeability and could have an important role in the development of septic shock. Measurement of bradykinin by immunological methods may suffer from interference and lack of specificity. We developed and validated a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS/MS) for plasma bradykinin.

Plasma Proteomics Analysis Reveals Dysregulation of Complement Proteins and Inflammation in Acquired Obesity-A Study on Rare BMI-Discordant Monozygotic Twin Pairs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of excess body weight and liver fat on the plasma proteome without interference from genetic variation.

Experimental Design: The effect of excess body weight is assessed in young, healthy monozygotic twins from pairs discordant for body mass index (intrapair difference (Δ) in BMI > 3 kg m , n = 26) with untargeted LC-MS proteomics quantification. The effect of liver fat is interrogated via subgroup analysis of the BMI-discordant twin cohort: liver fat discordant pairs (Δliver fat > 2%, n = 12) and liver fat concordant pairs (Δliver fat < 2%, n = 14), measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

A Co-culture Model of PBMC and Stem Cell Derived Human Nasal Epithelium Reveals Rapid Activation of NK and Innate T Cells Upon Influenza A Virus Infection of the Nasal Epithelium.

We established an co-culture model involving H3N2-infection of human nasal epithelium with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to investigate their cross-talk during early H3N2 infection. Nasal epithelium was differentiated from human nasal epithelial stem/progenitor cells and cultured wtih fresh human PBMC. PBMC and supernatants were harvested after 24 and 48 h of co-culture with H3N2-infected nasal epithelium.

Colorectal cancer patients with different C-reactive protein levels and 5-year survival times can be differentiated with quantitative serum proteomics.

Over 1.4 million people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) each year, making it the third most common cancer in the world. Increased screening and therapeutic modalities including improved combination treatments have reduced CRC mortality, although incidence and mortality rates are still increasing in some areas.