Umbilical arterial catheter duration as risk factor for Bell's Stage III necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates.

Objectives: To explore risk factors for Stage-III necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC-III) in preterm neonates.

Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of neonates born <33 weeks gestational age (GA) who were admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit, between 2015 and 2018. NEC-III cases were compared with Stage-II NEC (NEC-II) and non-NEC controls.

Impact of Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography on Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management in a Canadian Tertiary Care Neonatal Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Comprehensive assessment of hemodynamic significance of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common indication to perform targeted neonatal echocardiography (TNE). Impact of implementation of such an assessment on PDA management decisions remains to be reported. The objective of this study is to compare PDA-related hemodynamic information and PDA treatment decisions before and after introduction of TNE service.

Multimodal Assessment of Systemic Blood Flow in Infants.

The assessment of systemic blood flow is a complex and comprehensive process with clinical, laboratory, and technological components. Despite recent advancements in technology, there is no perfect bedside tool to quantify systemic blood flow in infants that can be used for clinical decision making. Each option has its own merits and limitations, and evidence on the reliability of these physiology-based assessment processes is evolving.

Pulmonary artery dopplers for early prediction of risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight babies.

Objective: The early abnormal pulmonary vasoreactivity observed in babies at risk of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) increases the pulmonary vascular resistance. This can be assessed non-invasively using Time to Peak Velocity:Right Ventricular Ejection Time ratio (TPV:RVET) measured from pulmonary artery Doppler waveform obtained using echocardiogram. We postulate that screening for this early can predict BPD in this cohort.