Autoimmune regulator (AIRE): Takes a hypoxia-inducing factor 1A (HIF1A) route to regulate FOXP3 expression in PCOS.

Problem: Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis- ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) pathology due to autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene mutations leads to loss of central tolerance triggering immune attack, a factor causing infertility. One of the targets of autoimmune attack is ovary and its repercussion results in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Although reduced Tregs have been reported in PCOS, a lacunae exists on the status of AIRE gene expression and its role in treg insufficiency via HIF1A-FOXP3 axis in PCOS.

Transcriptional Regulation of Nos2 via STAT5B Binding to Nos2 Gene Promoter Mediates Nitric Oxide Production: Relevance in β-Cell Maintenance.

Background/aims: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) involves autoimmune attack due to reduced regulatory T cells as an effect of mutant Stat5b(C1462A) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a T1D model resulting in pancreatic β-cell destruction. Although reactive oxygen species are considered to orchestrate the immune attack, the role of nitric oxide (·NO) still remains debatable. Since JAK-STAT pathway is known to induce Nos2, we investigated the role of STAT5B in nitric oxide generation and oxidative stress.

Silencing of dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK180) obliterates pregnancy by interfering with decidualization due to blockage of nuclear entry of autoimmune regulator (AIRE).

Problem: Dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK 180) involved in cytoskeletal reorganization is primarily a cytosolic molecule. It is recently shown to be nuclear in HeLa cells but its nuclear function is not known.

Method Of Study: The spatiotemporal distribution of DOCK180 in uterus was studied in uterine cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments during the "window of implantation.

CrkL is a co-activator of estrogen receptor alpha that enhances tumorigenic potential in cancer.

Signaling via estrogen receptor (ER) occurs by interacting with many proteins. Nuclear interactome analysis of ERα in an embryo implantation model revealed the association of chicken tumor virus no. 10 regulator of kinase like (CrkL) with ERα, which was further validated by mammalian two-hybrid assay as well as coimmunoprecipitation and colocalization.