Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) and immune escape are the main causes of cervical cancer. E6/E7 encoded by HPV16 may be closely related to carcinogenesis. HPV infection may upregulate PD-L1 expression, resulting in immune escape and cervical cancerigenesis.
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