The OmpR-like Transcription Factor as a Negative Regulator of in pv. .

Bacterial canker of kiwifruit is a devastating disease caused by pv. (). The type III secretion system (T3SS), which translocates effectors into plant cells to subvert plant immunity and promote extracellular bacterial growth, is required for virulence.

High-Intensity Use of Smartphone Can Significantly Increase the Diagnostic Rate and Severity of Dry Eye.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of high-intensity use of smartphones on ocular surface homeostasis and to explore whether high-intensity use of handheld digital devices can cause false increase of dry eye diagnostic rate.

Methods: In this prospective self-control study, 60 subjects (120 eyes) were recruited and asked to read on smartphones provided by the same manufacturer for two consecutive hours. This study was conducted during 8:00 - 10:00 AM to eliminate the influence of digital equipment used the previous day.

Identification of Genetic and Chemical Factors Affecting Type III Secretion System Expression in pv. Biovar 3 Using a Luciferase Reporter Construct.

The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a key factor in the pathogenesis of pv. biovar 3 (3), the causal agent of a global kiwifruit bacterial canker pandemic. To monitor the T3SS expression levels in 3, we constructed a luciferase reporter plasmid-expressing HrpA-NLuc fusion protein.

In Situ Visualization of Reversible Diels-Alder Reactions with Self-Reporting Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens.

The dynamic reversible Diels-Alder (DA) reactions play essential roles in both academic and applied fields. Currently, in situ visualization and direct monitoring of the formation and cleavage of covalent bonds in DA reactions are hampered by finite compatibility and expensive precise instruments, especially limited in solid reactions. We herein report a fluorescence system capable of in situ visualization by naked eyes and monitoring DA/retro-DA reactions.

Catechol Moiety Integrated Tri-Aryl Type AIEgen for Visual and Quantitative Boronic Acid Detection.

Novel functional AIEgen based on three compact bound aryl skeletons is designed and synthesized. This tri-aryl type luminogen (TA-Catechol) embedded with catechol moiety responds rapidly to series of boronic acids. Real-time visual and quantitative dual-mode detection method is established for the first time with modest precision and low detection limit (8.

Prospective trial of a 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction.

Purpose: The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Er:YAG laser treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in a prospective study.

Methods: A total of 128 eyes from 64 patients with MGD were enrolled to receive either three Er:YAG laser treatments with meibomian gland expression (MGX) or MGX-alone treatment sessions at 3-week intervals. The Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) validated questionnaire; fluorescein breakup time of the tear film (FBUT); corneal fluorescein staining (CFS); lid margin abnormalities; meibomian gland morphology (meiboscore); lower tear meniscus height (TMH); and assessment of 15 meibomian glands in the lower eyelids, including total meibomian gland secretion quality (TMGS), the number of glands secreting any liquid (GSAL), and the number of glands yielding optimal clear liquid secretion (GYCL), were assessed at day (D)0, D21, D42, and D63 for the Er:YAG-MGX group and D0 and D63 for the MGX group.

Intrinsic hydroquinone-functionalized aggregation-induced emission core shows redox and pH sensitivity.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophores exhibit strong fluorescence in an aggregated state but emit no or weak fluorescence in dilute solutions. This emerging class of AIE optical materials comprise a variety of functionalities. Here an AIE luminescence core, 1-hydroquinol-1,2,2-triphenylethene (HQTPE), has been designed and synthesized.

Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapeutics Based on Human Papillomavirus for HPV-Induced Cancers.

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the main causes of malignant neoplasms, especially cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Although we have developed preventive vaccines that can protect from HPV infection, there are still many new cases of HPV-related cancers worldwide. Early diagnosis and therapy are therefore important for the treatment of these diseases.

Influence of Pseudomonas autoinducer N-3-oxododecanoyl homoserine lactone on human corneal epithelial cells.

The quorum-sensing (QS) signaling-dependent extracellular virulence factors of can cause infections such as keratitis. communicates by secreting and sensing small chemical molecules called autoinducers in QS system. The key QS signal molecule, -3-oxododecanoyl-homoserine lactone (3OC12HSL), can affect the behavior of host cells and initiate immune response.

Neutrophil extracellular traps may have a dual role in Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) keratitis is a sight-threatening and rapidly progressive corneal disease. Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are widely thought to play a vital role in hosts' immune defenses against bacteria, such as P.

Neutrophil extracellular traps promote corneal neovascularization-induced by alkali burn.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and the regulatory role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity in it.

Methods: The regulatory role of mTOR in NETs formation was explored. In vitro, human neutrophils were pretreated with rapamycin.

Preparation, Characterization and Diagnostic Valuation of Two Novel Anti-HPV16 E7 Oncoprotein Monoclonal Antibodies.

At present, the clinical detection method of human papillomavirus (HPV) is mainly based on the PCR method. However, this method can only be used to detect HPV DNA and HPV types, and cannot be used to accurately predict cervical cancer. HPV16 E7 is an oncoprotein selectively expressed in cervical cancers.

Glucocorticoids May Exacerbate Fungal Keratitis by Increasing Fungal Aggressivity and Inhibiting the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.

: To evaluate whether glucocorticoids affect the prognosis of fungal keratitis by inhibiting the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).: A mouse model of () keratitis was established. Animals were randomly assigned to treatment with 0.

Demethylzeylasteral inhibits glioma growth by regulating the miR-30e-5p/MYBL2 axis.

Glioma is the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumour, and is characterised by high proliferation and extensive invasion and neurological destruction. Demethylzeylasteral (T-96), which is extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, is considered to have immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects. Here, the anti-tumour effect of T-96 on glioma was evaluated.

Evaluation of artificial tears on cornea epithelium healing.

Aim: To observe the efficacy of different artificial eye drops on corneal epithelium healing in rabbit.

Methods: Thirty-five rabbits with 6 mm diameter central corneal epithelium removed were randomly assigned to six groups: 0.9% normal saline (NS) group, 0.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction between Unactivated C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H Bonds.

Catalytic oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling between unactivated C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H bonds is achieved by the cobalt-catalyzed o-alkylation reaction of aromatic carboxamides containing (pyridin-2-yl)isopropyl amine (PIP-NH) as a N,N-bidentate directing group. Many different C(sp)-H bonds in alkanes, toluene derivatives and even in the α-position of ethers and thioethers can be used as coupling partners. This method has a broad substrate scope and the tolerance of various functional groups.

Serum Vitamin A Levels May Affect the Severity of Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a well-established therapeutic option for a range of inherited and acquired hematological disorders. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the leading cause of non-relapse mortality in allogeneic HSCT recipients. Ocular involvement occurs in up to 80% of chronic GVHD patients.

Dexamethasone Inhibits -Induced Neutrophil Extracellular Pathogen-Killing Mechanism, Possibly through Toll-Like Receptor Regulation.

Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a pathogen-killing process called NETosis. Excessive NETs formation, however, is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Therefore, to understand how NETosis is regulated, we examined the effect of dexamethasone (DXM), an anti-inflammatory drug, on this process and the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

A treatment method for chronic suppurative lacrimal canaliculitis using chalazion forceps.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of chronic suppurative lacrimal canaliculitis treatment using chalazion forceps.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study was performed on consecutive patients who accepted the aid of chalazion forceps to treat chronic suppurative lacrimal canaliculitis. Two different treatment methods using chalazion forceps were performed according to the degree of lacrimal canaliculitis.

Cobalt-Catalyzed C(sp(2) )-H Methylation by using Dicumyl Peroxide as both the Methylating Reagent and Hydrogen Acceptor.

The first cobalt-catalyzed direct methylation of a C(sp(2) )-H bond using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as both the methylating reagent and hydrogen acceptor has been established. The reaction proceeded without the use of any additives, and was proven to be applicable to various amides bearing a 2-pyridinylisopropyl (PIP) directing group, providing an efficient access to o-methyl aryl amides with high functional-group tolerance. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest a radical process would be involved in the catalytic process.

Phox2B correlates with MYCN and is a prognostic marker for neuroblastoma development.

Neuroblastoma is the one of the most common extracranial childhood malignancies, accounting for ∼15% of tumor-associated deaths in children. It is generally considered that neuroblastoma originates from neural crest cells in the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medulla. However, the mechanism by which neuroblastoma arises during sympathetic neurogenesis and the cellular mechanism that drives neuroblastoma development remains unclear.

A novel granulocyte-specific α integrin is essential for cellular immunity in the silkworm Bombyx mori.

Haemocytes play crucial roles in immune responses and survival in insects. Specific cell markers have proven effective in clarifying the function and haematopoiesis of haemocytes. The silkworm Bombyx mori is a good model for studying insect haemocytes; however, little is known about haemocyte-specific markers or their functions in silkworm.

Triptolide inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of human neuroblastoma cells.

Triptolide is a diterpene triepoxide, extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, which has been shown to have antitumor activity in a number of cancers. Neuroblastoma is an aggressive extracranial pediatric solid tumor, with significant chemotherapeutic resistance. In this study, triptolide was hypothesized to be a potential therapeutic agent for neuroblastoma.

Essential role of GATA3 in regulation of differentiation and cell proliferation in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells.

Neuroblastoma is a common solid malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, which contributes to 15% of cancer‑related mortality in children. The differentiation status of neuroblastoma is correlated with clinical outcome, and the induction of differentiation thus constitutes a therapeutic approach in this disease. However, the molecular mechanisms that control the differentiation of neuroblastoma remain poorly understood.

Artemisinin reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma.

Artemisinin, a natural product from the Chinese medicinal plant, Artemisia annua L., is commonly used in the treatment of malaria, and has recently been reported to have potent anticancer activity in various types of human tumors. Yet, the effect of artemisinin on neuroblastoma is still unclear.