Exertional calf pain at kilometer five - Finding the cause.

A 23-year-old professional distance runner with several years of exertional calf pain was diagnosed with a unique mixed type III and functional popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Surgical reduction of the obstructing tissue allowed her to return to professional running. This case highlights the importance of including PAES in the differential for chronic intermittent lower extremity claudication and outlines the work-up required to diagnose this vascular obstruction in younger athletes.

Colonisation of Meat by O157:H7: Investigating Bacterial Tropism with Respect to the Different Types of Skeletal Muscles, Subtypes of Myofibres, and Postmortem Time.

O157:H7 is an enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) responsible for serious diseases, especially pediatric, and of great concern for the meat industry. Meat contamination by EHEC occurs at slaughtering, especially at dehiding stage, where bacteria can be transferred from hides to carcasses. The skeletal muscle tissues comprise four major types of myofibres, which differ in their contraction velocity and metabolism.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli pathogenesis: role of Long polar fimbriae in Peyer's patches interactions.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major food-borne pathogens whose survival and virulence in the human digestive tract remain unclear owing to paucity of relevant models. EHEC interact with the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer's patches of the distal ileum and translocate across the intestinal epithelium via M-cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we investigated the involvement of Long polar fimbriae (Lpf) in EHEC pathogenesis.

Contribution of the multiple Type I signal peptidases to the secretome of Listeria monocytogenes: deciphering their specificity for secreted exoproteins by exoproteomic analysis.

Unlabelled: As commonly seen in monoderm bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes possesses multiple membrane-bound signal peptidases of Type I (SPases I) called SipX, SipY and SipZ. In order to decipher their respective contribution in an integrated and global view, the complement of the secretome corresponding to the exoproteome was resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). This was performed for L.

[CLIC and mental healthcare].

The Gagny local centre for information and coordination in gerontology (CLIC) became officially accredited in December 2004. Located within the town hall, it consists of an adviser in social and family economics who acts as the centre's manager, coordinator and assessor, as well as an assessment nurse.

Inactivation of the SecA2 protein export pathway in Listeria monocytogenes promotes cell aggregation, impacts biofilm architecture and induces biofilm formation in environmental condition.

Listeria monocytogenes has a dichotomous lifestyle, existing as an ubiquitous saprophytic species and as an opportunistic intracellular pathogen. Besides its capacity to grow in a wide range of environmental and stressful conditions, L. monocytogenes has the ability to adhere to and colonize surfaces.

Attachment and biofilm formation by foodborne bacteria in meat processing environments: causes, implications, role of bacterial interactions and control by alternative novel methods.

Attachment of potential spoilage and pathogenic bacteria to food contact surfaces and the subsequent biofilm formation represent serious challenges to the meat industry, since these may lead to cross-contamination of the products, resulting in lowered-shelf life and transmission of diseases. In meat processing environments, microorganisms are sometimes associated to surfaces in complex multispecies communities, while bacterial interactions have been shown to play a key role in cell attachment and detachment from biofilms, as well as in the resistance of biofilm community members against antimicrobial treatments. Disinfection of food contact surfaces in such environments is a challenging task, aggravated by the great antimicrobial resistance of biofilm associated bacteria.

In vitro colonization of the muscle extracellular matrix components by Escherichia coli O157:H7: the influence of growth medium, temperature and pH on initial adhesion and induction of biofilm formation by collagens I and III.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 are responsible for repeated food-poisoning cases often caused by contaminated burgers. EHEC infection is predominantly a pediatric illness, which can lead to life-threatening diseases. Ruminants are the main natural reservoir for EHEC and food contamination almost always originates from faecal contamination.

Exoproteomic analysis of the SecA2-dependent secretion in Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e.

As part of the Sec translocase, the accessory ATPase SecA2 is present in some pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes, deletion of secA2 results in filamentous cells that form rough colonies and have lower virulence. However, only a few proteins have been identified that are secreted by this pathway.

Subcellular localization of extracytoplasmic proteins in monoderm bacteria: rational secretomics-based strategy for genomic and proteomic analyses.

Genome-scale prediction of subcellular localization (SCL) is not only useful for inferring protein function but also for supporting proteomic data. In line with the secretome concept, a rational and original analytical strategy mimicking the secretion steps that determine ultimate SCL was developed for Gram-positive (monoderm) bacteria. Based on the biology of protein secretion, a flowchart and decision trees were designed considering (i) membrane targeting, (ii) protein secretion systems, (iii) membrane retention, and (iv) cell-wall retention by domains or post-translocational modifications, as well as (v) incorporation to cell-surface supramolecular structures.

Molecular biology of surface colonization by Listeria monocytogenes: an additional facet of an opportunistic Gram-positive foodborne pathogen.

The opportunistic and facultative intracellular pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causes a rare but severe foodborne disease called listeriosis, the outcome of which can be fatal. The infection cycle and key virulence factors are now well characterized in this species. Nonetheless, this knowledge has not prevented the re-emergence of listeriosis, as recently reported in several European countries.

The importance of keeping the chin up in graves orbitopathy.

A 42-year-old white woman suffering from mild euthyroid Graves orbitopathy for 6 years experienced recent-onset upper eyelid swelling, double vision, diminished vision, and reduced visual field of the right eye. Examination of the right eye showed decreased visual acuity, relative afferent pupillary defect, hypotropia with severely restricted elevation, upper visual field defect, impaired color contrast discrimination, and abnormal pattern visual evoked potential, but the Ishihara color plate reading and the optic disc appearance were normal. The left eye was normal, except for marked elevation restriction.

A community stroke study: factors influencing stroke awareness and hospital arrival time.

Background: One reason patients do not receive thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of stroke is late arrival to the emergency department (ED). One factor could be due to lack of awareness of stroke symptoms. We tested our hypothesis at 2 hospitals in central Illinois.

[Poisoning in first year of age. A multicentre study].

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe clinical and epidemiological features of toxic exposures in children under 1 year.

Methods: During 2001 a prospective study on poisoning was carried out in the Pediatric Emergency Departments (ED) of 14 hospitals. Information stored concerned epidemiological and clinical features, evaluation of accidental or deliberate manner of exposure as well as of clinical consequences.

Childhood poisoning: a population study in Trieste, Italy, 1975-1994.

We describe the epidemiology of 1918 cases of childhood poisoning referred to the emergency room in Trieste, Italy, from 1975 to 1994. The incidence rate of emergency room referral and subsequent hospitalization was calculated on the basis of the distribution of children resident in Trieste by calendar year. The occurrence of childhood poisoning was described according to time trends, age and gender of the child, route of exposure, symptoms at presentation to the emergency room, role of the child or others, intention, and substance involved in the poisoning.

Cervical lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary: is a tonsillectomy necessary?

Purpose: The detection of an infraclinical primary by tonsillectomy in case of cervical lymph node of an epidermoid carcinoma with unknown primary after a radical neck dissection, allows avoiding irradiation of the normal larynx. The aim of this study is to quantify the rate of tonsil primary to justify this procedure.

Methods And Materials: From 1969 to 1992, 87 patients had a tonsillectomy as part of the workup for cervical nodal metastasis of an epidermoid carcinoma with unknown primary.

[Anterior frontal laryngectomy without epiglottoplasty or modified Tucker's technique. Proposal for a surgical simplification].

By replacing epiglottic reconstruction with a muscular translation, we attempted to simplify the near total laryngectomy with epiglottic reconstruction and improve swallowing disorders. Ten operated patients were followed up for at least 9 to 22 months. We obtained 9 good results and 1 failure.

[Evaluation of temporary observation and short hospital stay in a pediatric emergency department].

Temporary observation is a very short stay in Emergency Department, widely carried out in adult patients in our Country. No experience in childhood has been reported. In our emergency department children under 16 with acute diseases are admitted for 24-48 hours.

[Acute carbon monoxide poisoning in children].

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of 233 children below 14 years of age with acute carbon-monoxide poisoning are presented. Patients were recorded in the retrospective part of the M.S.

[Acute cannabis poisoning in a female child].

Cannabis poisoning is rarely reported in young children. We present the case of a child twenty months old admitted to the Emergency Room because of sopor, hypotonia and miosis. This is the first out of 1150 poisonings under the age of five registered at Trieste between 1975-1992.

The risk associated with poisonings in children.

The risk associated with poisonings in children was assessed on 6175 subjects admitted to the pediatric hospitals of 3 regions of Northern Italy between 1975 and 1990. The frequency of exposures and the severity of sequelae allowed high- and low-risk substances to be identified. Risks were studied separately in the 0-4, 5-9 and 10-13 y age group to determine age-related differences.

Epidemiology of children poisoning: comparison between telephone inquiries and emergency room visits.

We studied 674 telephone inquiries to the Poison Information Centre and 532 Emergency Room (ER) visits due to suspected poisonings in 1018 children below the age of 16 y and living at Trieste. The cases were prospectively recorded during 1985-1989. Age distribution, toxic substances and consequences were different in the 2 groups.