Lack of ALCAT1 enhances the protective effects of aerobic exercise on kidney in HFpEF mice.

Aims: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly prevalent cardiovascular disease, which is often accompanied by kidney dysfunction. Exercise has been recognized as a feasible strategy to improve renal function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether aerobic exercise (AE) could ameliorate HFpEF-induced renal injury by regulating the expression of acyl-coenzyme A: lysocardiolipin acyltransferase-1 (ALCAT1).

The mechanisms of exercise improving cardiovascular function by stimulating Piezo1 and TRP ion channels: a systemic review.

Mechanosensitive ion channels are widely distributed in the heart, lung, bladder and other tissues, and plays an important role in exercise-induced cardiovascular function promotion. By reviewing the PubMed databases, the results were summarized using the terms "Exercise/Sport", "Piezo1", "Transient receptor potential (TRP)" and "Cardiovascular" as the keywords, 124-related papers screened were sorted and reviewed. The results showed that: (1) Piezo1 and TRP channels play an important role in regulating blood pressure and the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac fibrosis; (2) Exercise promotes cardiac health, inhibits the development of pathological heart to heart failure, regulating the changes in the characterization of Piezo1 and TRP channels; (3) Piezo1 activates downstream signaling pathways with very broad pathways, such as AKT/eNOS, NF-κB, p38MAPK and HIPPO-YAP signaling pathways.

Defensive glands in Stylotermitidae (Blattodea, Isoptera).

The large abundance of termites is partially achieved by their defensive abilities. Stylotermitidae represented by a single extant genus, Stylotermes, is a member of a termite group Neoisoptera that encompasses 83% of termite species and 94% of termite genera and is characterized by the presence of the frontal gland. Within Neoisoptera, Stylotermitidae represents a species-poor sister lineage of all other groups.

Molecular brewing: The molecular structural effects of starch adjuncts on barley malt brewing performances.

In this study, the effects of starch adjuncts with different fine molecular structures obtained by size-exclusion chromatography on the mashing and fermentation efficiencies of barley malts were investigated. Following fermentation, violate compounds of freshly-fermented beer samples were determined by headspace-solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (HS-SMPE-GC-MS). High performance liquid chromatography results showed that depending on their molecular structures, starch adjuncts addition significantly increased wort maltose and maltotriose content, whereas reducing the glucose content and thus both the ratios of glucose and maltotriose to that of the maltose.

Cost-effective production of bacterial cellulose in static cultures using distillery wastewater.

Thin stillage (TS), wastewater from rice wine distillery, was used as a cost-free feedstock to replace the costly traditional Hestrin and Schramm (HS) medium for BC production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Due to the rich organic acids and amino acids content in TS, BC production was significantly enhanced as 50 (v/v) % of HS medium was replaced with TS. In the 50/50 TS-HS medium, BC concentration of 6.

Thin stillage supplementation greatly enhances bacterial cellulose production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus.

Thin stillage (TS), a wastewater from rice wine distillery can well sustain the growth of Gluconacetobacter xylinus for production of bacterial cellulose (BC). When used as a supplement to the traditional BC production medium (Hestrin and Schramm medium), the enhancement of BC production increased with the amount of TS supplemented in a static culture of G. xylinus.