A High Copper Concentration Copper-Quadrol Complex Electroless Solution for Chip Bonding Applications.

This article presents a novel bonding method for chip packaging applications in the semiconductor industry, with a focus on downsizing high-density and 3D-stacked interconnections to improve efficiency and performance. Microfluidic electroless interconnections have been identified as a potential solution for bonding pillar joints at low temperatures and pressures. However, the complex and time-consuming nature of their production process hinders their suitability for mass production.

Dislodgement of Hydrogen Bubbles in Microchannels with Embedded Pillars: An Analytical, Experimental, and Numerical Study.

Microchannels with integrated pillars have enhanced the production capabilities and performance of various applications due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. However, emerging gas bubbles can become trapped, potentially limiting the functionality or efficiency of the device when scaled down to the low-micrometer scale. Understanding the conditions required to dislodge these bubbles is thus critical for optimizing microfluidic devices with complex physical behaviors.

Selection and validation of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp.) under varied abiotic stress conditions.

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using a stable reference gene is widely used for gene expression research. Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp.) is an ancient crop in Asia and Africa that is widely cultivated for food and fodder.

Training in neuropsychiatry: views of early career psychiatrists from across the world.

Background: Training and practice in neuropsychiatry varies across the world. However, little is known about the experiences and opinions of early career psychiatrists (ECPs) across different countries regarding neuropsychiatry.

Aims And Method: To investigate neuropsychiatry training experiences, practices and opinions among ECPs across different countries.

Hydrothermally constructed AgWO-rGO nanocomposites as an electrode enhancer for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of hazardous herbicide crisquat.

The advancements in electrode materials with high efficiency has been prioritized to effectively monitor the presence of harmful pesticides concerning the environment. In such a way, we hydrothermally constructed a hybrid AgWO-rGO nanocomposites for the rapid electrochemical detection of crisquat (CQT). The structural, compositional, morphological and topographical characterization for AgWO-rGO nanocomposites is thoroughly performed to understand its electrocatalytic properties.

A Vision-Based Social Distancing and Critical Density Detection System for COVID-19.

Social distancing (SD) is an effective measure to prevent the spread of the infectious Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, a lack of spatial awareness may cause unintentional violations of this new measure. Against this backdrop, we propose an active surveillance system to slow the spread of COVID-19 by warning individuals in a region-of-interest.

Efficiency of electron beam over gamma rays to induce desirable grain-type mutation in rice ( L.).

Purpose: Rice is the predominant crop of Tamil Nadu state, India that occupies about 30% of the total cropped area. However, grain type and quality are the critical traits that determine the market value and domestic consumption rice variety. Most of the households of Tamil Nadu, India prefer to consume medium slender to fine grain type of rice.

Seed Priming: A Feasible Strategy to Enhance Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants.

Drought is a serious threat to the farming community, biasing the crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Drought adversely affects seed germination, plant growth, and development via non-normal physiological processes. Plants generally acclimatize to drought stress through various tolerance mechanisms, but the changes in global climate and modern agricultural systems have further worsened the crop productivity.

Improvement of Stable Restorer Lines for Blast Resistance through Functional Marker in Rice ( L.).

Two popular stable restorer lines, CB 87 R and CB 174 R, were improved for blast resistance through marker-assisted back-cross breeding (MABB). The hybrid rice development program in South India extensively depends on these two restorer lines. However, these restorer lines are highly susceptible to blast disease.

Barnyard Millet for Food and Nutritional Security: Current Status and Future Research Direction.

Barnyard millet ( species) has become one of the most important minor millet crops in Asia, showing a firm upsurge in world production. The genus comprises of two major species, and , which are predominantly cultivated for human consumption and livestock feed. They are less susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Overview of artificial neural network models in the biomedical domain.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of artificial neural network (ANN) in biomedical domain and compare it with the logistic regression model.

Methods: Artificial neural network models and logistic regression models were created and compared using a sample of a modified dataset adapted to the dataset from Framingham Heart Study. R statistical software package is used to create and compare the models.

Bifunctional bimetallic heterojunction material based on AlO/ZnO micro flowers for electrochemical sensing and catalysis.

We report the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical sensing and catalytic capability of the bimetallic heterojunction AlO/ZnO micro flowers (AZ MFs). In order to prepare this bifunctional material, the facile hydrothermal process was adopted. The material was thoroughly characterized for the crystal structure and morphology with Powder XRD, XPS and FE-SEM.

Text Mining in Biomedical Domain with Emphasis on Document Clustering.

Objectives: With the exponential increase in the number of articles published every year in the biomedical domain, there is a need to build automated systems to extract unknown information from the articles published. Text mining techniques enable the extraction of unknown knowledge from unstructured documents.

Methods: This paper reviews text mining processes in detail and the software tools available to carry out text mining.

Biophysical and structural analysis of a novel heme B iron ligation in the flavocytochrome cellobiose dehydrogenase.

The fungal extracellular flavocytochrome cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) participates in lignocellulose degradation. The enzyme has a cytochrome domain connected to a flavin-binding domain by a peptide linker. The cytochrome domain contains a 6-coordinate low spin b-type heme with unusual iron ligands and coordination geometry.

Role of the flavin domain residues, His689 and Asn732, in the catalytic mechanism of cellobiose dehydrogenase from phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Cellobiose dehydrogenase is an extracellular flavocytochrome, which catalyzes the oxidation of cellobiose and other soluble oligosaccharides to their respective lactones, while reducing various one- and two-electron acceptors. Two residues at the active site of the flavin domain, His689 and Asn732, have been proposed to play critical roles in the oxidation of the substrate. To test these proposals, each residue was substituted with either a Gln, Asn, Glu, Asp, Val, Ala, and/or a His residue by site-directed mutagenesis, using a homologous expression system previously developed in our laboratory.

Substituent effects on azo dye oxidation by the FeIII-EDTA-H2O2 system.

The effect of substituents on the oxidation of azo dyes in the FeIII-EDTA-H2O2 system was examined at pH 7. 4-(4'-sulfophenylazo)phenol and 2-(4'-sulfophenylazo)phenol, with methyl, methoxy, and halo substituents on the phenolic ring, were used as model systems. Oxidation of the naphthol dyes Orange I and Orange II were also examined.

Site-directed mutagenesis of the heme axial ligands in the hemoflavoenzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase.

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is an extracellular 90-kDa hemoflavoenzyme, organized into an N-terminal heme domain and a C-terminal flavin domain. The amino acid residues Met65 and His114 or His163 were suggested to be heme iron ligands. Mutations of these residues were made and mutant proteins were characterized.

Purification and characterization of cellobiose dehydrogenase from the plant pathogen Sclerotium (Athelia) rolfsii.

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is an extracellular hemoflavoenzyme produced by several wood-degrading fungi. In the presence of a suitable electron acceptor, e.g.

Homologous expression of recombinant cellobiose dehydrogenase in Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is a novel extracellular hemoflavoenzyme from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and is produced only in cultures supplemented with cellulose. In this report, CDH from P. chrysosporium has been homologously expressed in cultures supplemented with glucose as the sole carbon source when no endogenous CDH is expressed.

Non-enzymatic reduction of azo dyes by NADH.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) reduces a variety of azo dyes by four electrons to generate the corresponding aromatic amines. This reduction is pH-dependent and increases with decreasing pH. Reduction of 4-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-phenol and 2-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-phenol, specifically substituted with methyl, methoxy, halo, and nitro groups, was examined to determine the susceptibility of azo dyes to reduction by NADH.

Cloning and characterization of a thermostable cellobiose dehydrogenase from Sporotrichum thermophile.

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is an extracellular hemoflavoenzyme produced by several wood-degrading fungi. CDH contains one heme b and one FAD per molecule and oxidizes cellobiose to cellobionolactone in the presence of cytochrome c. In this report, a thermostable CDH from the thermophilic ascomycete Sporotrichum thermophile has been purified, cloned, and characterized.

Gene cloning and characterization of a novel cellulose-binding beta-glucosidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Analysis of a 2.4-kb cDNA of the cellulose-binding extracellular beta-glucosidase (CBGL) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium suggested that CBGL is organized into two domains, an N-terminal cellulose-binding domain and a C-terminal catalytic domain. Genomic sequence analysis suggested that cbgl is encoded by 30 exons.