Background: Higher age-specific circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels have been linked to a lower risk of cardiometabolic outcomes. However, whether AMH has a casual role in the etiology of these diseases is unknown. The objective of this study was therefore to explore if circulating AMH levels have a causal effect on risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women, using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Recent research suggests that higher circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are associated with less frequent occurrence of (subclinical) cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women, but evidence in men is limited.
Objective: We investigated whether circulating AMH levels are associated with measures of subclinical CVD in middle-aged and older men.
Design: Prospective cohort study with a median follow-up time of 8.
Study Question: Do polymorphisms in the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) promoter have an effect on AMH levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
Summary Answer: We have identified a novel AMH promoter polymorphism rs10406324 that is associated with lower serum AMH levels and is suggested to play a role in the mechanism of regulation of AMH gene expression in women.
What Is Known Already: Follicle number is positively correlated with serum AMH levels, reflected by elevated AMH levels in women with PCOS. In addition, it is suggested that AMH production per follicle is higher in women with PCOS than in normo-ovulatory women, implying an altered regulation of AMH in PCOS.
Study Question: Can additional genetic variants for circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels be identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis including a large sample of premenopausal women?
Summary Answer: We identified four loci associated with AMH levels at P < 5 × 10-8: the previously reported MCM8 locus and three novel signals in or near AMH, TEX41 and CDCA7.
What Is Known Already: AMH is expressed by antral stage ovarian follicles in women, and variation in age-specific circulating AMH levels has been associated with disease outcomes. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying these AMH-disease associations are largely unknown.
Objectives: To examine if age-specific anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are associated with cancer risk; and to investigate if age-related AMH trajectories differ between women who develop cancer and women who do not. More specifically, we examined associations with breast cancer, cancers in other tissues expressing AMH receptor AMHR2, and cancers in non-AMHR2-expressing tissues.
Study Design: We included longitudinal data from 3025 women in the prospective Doetinchem Cohort Study.
Aims/hypothesis: Given its role in ovarian follicle development, circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is considered to be a marker of reproductive ageing. Although accelerated reproductive ageing has been associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, research on the relationship between AMH and type 2 diabetes risk is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether age-specific AMH levels and age-related AMH trajectories are associated with type 2 diabetes risk in women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental research suggests that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) inhibits tumor growth. Conversely, epidemiological studies suggest that higher AMH concentrations increase breast cancer risk, while associations with other cancers are inconsistent. Therefore, our aim was to provide a systematic review of current epidemiological evidence on AMH levels in relation to different cancer types.
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