Change in Defensive Functioning Following Group Psychodynamic-Interpersonal Psychotherapy in Women With Binge-Eating Disorder.

We examined change in defensive functioning following group psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy (GPIP) for binge-eating disorder (BED) compared to a waitlist control. We hypothesized that defensive functioning will improve to a greater extent at posttreatment for those in GPIP compared with those in a waitlist control condition. Participants were women with BED assigned to GPIP ( = 131) or a waitlist control ( = 44) condition in a quasi-experimental design.

A group's level of defensive functioning affects individual outcomes in group psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy.

We used an actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) to study the association between the individual group member and other group therapy members' defensive functioning on an individual group member's treatment outcome. We hypothesized that (a) more adaptive individual defensive functioning at pretreatment will be significantly related to better treatment outcomes (i.e.

The quality of randomized controlled trials of psychotherapy for eating disorders.

Objective: We investigated the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included direct comparisons of psychotherapy for adults with an eating disorder (ED).

Method: Thirty-five direct comparison RCTs of psychotherapy for adults diagnosed with an ED were rated using the Randomized Controlled Trials Psychotherapy Quality Rating Scale (RCT-PQRS).

Results: The mean total RCT-PQRS score (mean = 28.

Psychotherapy for eating disorders: A meta-analysis of direct comparisons.

We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of bona fide psychotherapy for adults with eating disorders (EDs). Thirty-five RCTs with 54 direct comparisons were included. The majority of RCTs included participants with bulimia nervosa and/or binge-ED, while only two RCTs included participants with anorexia nervosa, and three RCTs included participants with an ED not otherwise specified.

Testing a stepped care model for binge-eating disorder: a two-step randomized controlled trial.

Background: A stepped care approach involves patients first receiving low-intensity treatment followed by higher intensity treatment. This two-step randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of a sequential stepped care approach for the psychological treatment of binge-eating disorder (BED).

Methods: In the first step, all participants with BED (n = 135) received unguided self-help (USH) based on a cognitive-behavioral therapy model.

Group psychotherapy for eating disorders: A meta-analysis.

Objective: In the current meta-analysis, we review the effect of group psychotherapy compared to both wait-list controls and other active treatments for adults with eating disorders (EDs).

Method: Twenty-seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that provide direct comparisons with a total of 1,853 participants were included.

Results: Group psychotherapy is significantly more effective than wait-list controls at achieving abstinence rates of binge eating and/or purging (RR = 5.

Change in attachment states of mind of women with binge-eating disorder.

Insecure and unresolved/disorganized attachment states of mind may impact affect regulation and interpersonal functioning that contribute to binge eating in women with binge-eating disorder (BED). Group psychological treatment may facilitate changes from insecure to secure and from unresolved-disorganized to non-unresolved/disorganized attachment states of mind. This study used attachment theory to understand better the psychopathology of BED and co-morbid overweight status and to understand better the treatment response of patients with BED who receive group psychotherapy.

The role of coherence of mind and reflective functioning in understanding binge-eating disorder and co-morbid overweight.

Coherence of mind and reflective functioning may impact negative affect and interpersonal functioning over and above the effects of symptoms of depression and interpersonal problems that contribute to symptoms of binge-eating disorder (BED) and overweight/obesity. Matched samples of overweight women with BED and overweight and normal weight women without BED completed the Adult Attachment Interview, a measure of depressive symptoms, and a measure of interpersonal problems. Greater symptoms of depression distinguished women with BED from the matched comparison samples.

Change in Attachment Dimensions in Women with Binge-Eating Disorder Following Group Psychodynamic Interpersonal Psychotherapy.

Objective: To examine the role of attachment dimensions, including coherence of mind and reflective functioning, in developing and maintaining binge-eating disorder (BED) and in determining group psychotherapy outcomes for women with BED. We hypothesize that higher pre-treatment attachment dimension scores will predict better treatment outcomes for women with BED and will increase at follow-up.

Method: Women with BED attended 16 sessions of group therapy and completed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) at pre-treatment.

Parental bonds and body dissatisfaction in a clinical sample: The mediating roles of attachment anxiety and media internalization.

We evaluated an attachment theory model in which mother and father care were hypothesized to be indirectly related to body dissatisfaction mediated by attachment anxiety and media internalization. Participants were 232 women diagnosed with an eating disorder who completed a retrospective measure of parental bonds, and measures of attachment anxiety, media internalization, and body image. Mother care was negatively associated with body dissatisfaction, suggesting that recollection of mothers as less caring was directly related to poorer body image.

Changes in Defense Mechanism Functioning During Group Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder.

Objective: This study examined change in defensive mechanism functioning during group psychodynamic interpersonal psychotherapy (GPIP) for women with binge-eating disorder (BED).

Procedure: Women with BED (N = 85) received 16 weeks of GPIP. Five group therapy sessions (sessions 1, 3, 8, 12, and 16) from each of the 12 groups were video recorded and transcribed.

Bronchodilator and steroid use for the management of bronchiolitis in Canadian pediatric emergency departments.

Objective: Given the recent publication of several large trials and systematic reviews, we undertook a study of the current management of bronchiolitis in Canadian pediatric emergency departments (EDs) and explored physicians' rationale for their treatment decisions. The overarching purpose of this study was to assist in planning a future trial of combined epinephrine and dexamethasone for bronchiolitis.

Methods: Physicians in the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) database received an 18-item electronic survey.

Breastfeeding Knowledge, Confidence, Beliefs, and Attitudes of Canadian Physicians.

Background: Physicians' attitudes and recommendations directly affect breastfeeding duration. Yet, studies in many nations have shown that physicians lack the skills to offer proper guidance to breastfeeding mothers.

Objective: This study aims to assess breastfeeding knowledge, confidence, beliefs, and attitudes of Canadian physicians.

Parenteral nutrition-induced cholestasis in neonates: where does the problem lie?

Background. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an effective method of nourishing the neonate who is unable to receive full enteral feeds. Cholestasis can be a complication of PN and can lead to severe liver damage.

Radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy: treatment recommendations differ between urologists and radiation oncologists.

Purpose: There is no consensus on optimal use of radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy. The purpose of this study was to describe opinions of urologists and radiation oncologists regarding adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy.

Methods: Urologists and genitourinary radiation oncologists were solicited to participate in an online survey.

Depressive symptoms are associated with medication use and lower health-related quality of life in overweight women with binge eating disorder.

Background: Depression is a most burdensome illness, with personal and societal costs surpassing those of any other illness. Furthermore, depression affects women at a much higher rate than men. The most prevalent eating disorder among adult women is binge eating disorder (BED).