Childhood adversity and time to pregnancy in a preconception cohort.

We examined the association between childhood adversity and fecundability (the per-cycle probability of conception), and the extent to which childhood social support modified this association. We used data from 6318 female participants aged 21-45 years in Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a North American prospective preconception cohort study (2013-2022). Participants completed a baseline questionnaire, bimonthly follow-up questionnaires (until pregnancy or a censoring event), and a supplemental questionnaire on experiences across the life course including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social support (using the modified Berkman-Syme Social Network Index [SNI]).

Violence Exposure Among Women in the Sex Industry and Their Children in El Alto, Bolivia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study to compare the prevalence of exposure to workplace violence and intimate partner violence (IPV) in 125 female sex workers (FSWs) and 125 age-matched control women working in other professions (non-FSWs) and their children in El Alto, Bolivia. Violence exposure was assessed using the Demographic Health Survey Domestic Violence Module. To determine associations between work type and violence exposure, we conducted multivariate logistic regression.

Clinicians' Perspectives on Equitable Health Care Delivery in Group Well-Child Care.

Objective: To explore clinicians' perspectives about the impact of group well-child care (GWCC) on equitable health care delivery.

Methods: In this qualitative study, we conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians engaged in GWCC recruited via purposive and snowball sampling. We first conducted a deductive content analysis using constructs from Donabedian's framework for health care quality (structure, process, and outcomes) followed by inductive thematic analysis within these constructs.

Use of Chemical Hair Straighteners and Fecundability in a North American Preconception Cohort.

Chemical hair straighteners ("relaxers") are used by millions of North Americans, particularly women of color. Hair relaxers may contain endocrine-disrupting compounds, which can harm fertility. We evaluated the association between hair relaxer use and fecundability among 11,274 participants from Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a North American preconception cohort study.

The GROWBABY Research Network: A Framework for Advancing Health Equity Through Community Engaged Practice-Based Research.

Purpose: Preventive health care, delivered through well child care visits, serves as a universal and primary entry point for promoting child wellbeing, yet children with lower socioeconomic status and children of color receive less consistent and lower quality preventive health care. Currently, limited research exists comparing models for delivering preventive care to children and their impact on longstanding racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequities.

Description: Practice-based research networks can help to advance health equity by more rapidly studying and scaling innovative, local models of care to reduce racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequities in primary care and preventive care utilization.

Association Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Fertility Among Pregnancy Planners in the US.

Importance: Decades of inequitable policies in the US have yielded disparities in neighborhood quality, and some studies show that living in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with worse health outcomes, including reproductive health outcomes. However, no US studies to date have directly examined the association between residence in disadvantaged neighborhoods and fertility.

Objective: To examine the association between residence in disadvantaged neighborhoods and fecundability, a sensitive marker of fertility with many health implications.

Group well-child care model for Latino children in immigrant families: Adapting to and learning from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) context.

Introduction: Group well-child care (GWCC) is an alternative to traditional pediatric well-child care designed to increase parental social support and peer learning. This mixed methods study explored the adaptation and implementation of GWCC to a virtual format during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic) among Spanish-speaking Latino immigrant families.

Method: Interviews were conducted with eight providers and 10 mothers from May through September 2020.

Spatiotemporal trends in discarded needle reports near schools in Boston, Massachusetts, between 2016-2019.

Background: Childhood exposures to discarded needles pose a direct risk for infection with blood-borne pathogens and psychological trauma for caregivers and children. Little is known about environmental predictors of discarded needles relative to areas where children are frequent, such as schools.

Objective: We investigated spatiotemporal trends in discarded needle reports and the density near schools in Boston, Massachusetts, between 2016 and 2019.

Abuse in Childhood and Risk for Sleep Disruption in Adulthood in the Black Women's Health Study.

Objective: To investigate the association of early life abuse with sleep disruption risk in adulthood among U.S. Black women.

Adverse Childhood Experiences are Associated with Miscarriage in Adulthood: The GROWH Study.

Objectives: To investigate whether adverse childhood experiences are associated with miscarriage.

Methods: The Gulf Resilience on Women's Health Consortium recruited from clinics and community organizations in Southern Louisiana, 2011-2016. Data from 1511 reproductive-aged women with at least one pregnancy were analyzed.

Reframing the early childhood obesity prevention narrative through an equitable nurturing approach.

High-quality mother-child interactions during the first 2,000 days, from conception to age 5 years, are considered crucial for preventing obesity development during early life stages. However, mother-child dyads interact within and are influenced by broader socio-ecological contexts involved in shaping child development outcomes, including nutrition. Hence, the coexistence of both undernutrition and obesity has been noted in inequitable social conditions, with drivers of undernutrition and overnutrition in children sharing common elements, such as poverty and food insecurity.

Association of income and education with fecundability in a North American preconception cohort.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate socioeconomic determinants of fecundability.

Methods: Among 8654 female pregnancy planners from Pregnancy Study Online, a North American prospective cohort study (2013-2019), we examined associations between socioeconomic status and fecundability (the per-cycle probability of conception). Information on income and education was collected via baseline questionnaires.

Night Shift Work and Fecundability in Late Reproductive-Aged African American Women.

We estimated the association between night shift work and fecundability among African American women. Black Women's Health Study participants ( = 560) aged 30-45 years reported their history of night shift work in 2005. Time to pregnancy for all pregnancies resulting in a livebirth was reported in 2011.

Clinician Satisfaction and Self-Efficacy With CenteringParenting Group Well-Child Care Model: A Pilot Study.

Group-based models for well-child care have been shown to positively affect patient experience. One promising group well-child care model is CenteringParenting. However, clinician self-efficacy with delivery of the model is unknown and clinician satisfaction with the model has been understudied.

Early life abuse and risk of endometriosis.

Study Question: Is there an association between physical and sexual abuse occurring in childhood or adolescence and risk of laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis?

Summary Answer: Early life sexual and physical abuse was associated with an increased risk of endometriosis.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies have reported that physical and sexual abuse are associated with chronic pelvic pain (CPP). However, only one study has examined the association between childhood physical abuse and laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis, and did not observe an association with endometriosis risk.

Childhood and Adolescent Adversity and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Adverse experiences in childhood and adolescence, defined as subjectively perceived threats to the safety or security of the child's bodily integrity, family, or social structures, are known to be associated with cardiometabolic outcomes over the life course into adulthood. This American Heart Association scientific statement reviews the scientific literature on the influence of childhood adversity on cardiometabolic outcomes that constitute the greatest public health burden in the United States, including obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. This statement also conceptually outlines pathways linking adversity to cardiometabolic health, identifies evidence gaps, and provides suggestions for future research to inform practice and policy.

Perceived Maternal Behavioral Control, Infant Behavior, and Milk Supply: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: Disparities persist in breastfeeding exclusivity and duration despite increases in breastfeeding initiation. The objective of this study was to examine factors that influence maternal decision making surrounding infant feeding practices over time in a diverse inner-city population.

Methods: We conducted a prospective qualitative study with 20 mothers recruited from 2 urban primary care clinics.

Modifiable Resilience Factors to Childhood Adversity for Clinical Pediatric Practice.

Childhood adversity is highly prevalent and associated with risk for poor health outcomes in childhood and throughout the life course. Empirical literature on resilience over the past 40 years has identified protective factors for traumatized children that improve health outcomes. Despite these empirical investigations of resilience, there is limited integration of these findings into proactive strategies to mitigate the impact of adverse childhood experiences.