Fatal Rupture of Occult Posttraumatic Left Ventricular Aneurysm in a Child.

Left ventricular aneurysm is a potentially serious but rare condition in children. This case describes delayed but fatal rupture of an occult posttraumatic left ventricular aneurysm in an 11-year-old boy with a history of blunt chest trauma from a high-impact automobile collision 7 months earlier. ().

Efficacy and safety of multimodal treatment in nocturnal enuresis - A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction And Aim Of The Study: Most treatments of nocturnal enuresis (NE) are targeting the main pathophysiological mechanisms, i.e., excess nocturnal urine production, bladder reservoir dysfunction and inability to awaken to a full bladder.

Human leukocyte antigen association with familial steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) is the most common form of nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Cases with the familial occurrence of SSNS suggest that genetics may play a role in the disease. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been associated with SSNS.

Nephrotic syndrome is associated with increased plasma K concentration, intestinal K losses, and attenuated urinary K excretion: a study in rats and humans.

The present study tested the hypotheses that nephrotic syndrome (NS) leads to renal K loss because of augmented epithelial Na channel (ENaC) activity followed by downregulation of renal K secretory pathways by suppressed aldosterone. The hypotheses were addressed by determining K balance and kidney abundance of K and Na transporter proteins in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced rat nephrosis. The effects of amiloride and angiotensin II type 1 receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists were tested.

An evaluation of phase angle, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and impedance ratio for the assessment of disease status in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Oedema, characterized by accumulation of extracellular water (ECW), is one of the major clinical manifestations in children suffering from nephrotic syndrome (NS). The lack of a simple, inexpensive and harmless method for assessing ECW may be solved by the use of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technique. The aims of this study were to examine whether phase angle (PA), bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and the impedance ratio (IR) reflect change in disease status in children with NS.

Acute intravenous acyl ghrelin infusion induces thirst but does not affect sodium excretion: two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies in hypopituitary patients.

Objective: Acyl ghrelin, which is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, potently stimulates pituitary growth hormone release, and to some degree adrenocorticotropic hormone and prolactin. Ghrelin is also orexigenic and has recently been shown to stimulate renal sodium absorption in rodent models. Increased thirst sensation has been observed as a side effect of acyl ghrelin administration in some human studies.

Childhood onset steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome continues into adulthood.

Background: Childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) has previously been assumed to be a disease of childhood. This has been challenged by few studies reporting that some patients with childhood SSNS may continue to relapse into adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of childhood SSNS presenting data from an unselected well-defined cohort of Danish patients.

Infants with prenatally diagnosed kidney anomalies have an increased risk of urinary tract infections.

Aim: This study estimated the urinary tract infection (UTI) risk in a nationwide cohort of infants prenatally diagnosed with parenchymal kidney anomalies compared with a comparison cohort.

Methods: A Danish population-based nationwide cohort of foetuses diagnosed with parenchymal kidney anomalies between 2007 and 2012 had previously been identified. These were compared with foetuses without kidney anomalies who were prenatally scanned the same year.

HUS-induced cardiac and circulatory failure is reversible using cardiopulmonary bypass as rescue.

Background: Extra-renal involvement in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) includes gastrointestinal, pancreatic, hepatic, neurological and cardiac manifestations. The current 3-5% mortality rate in HUS patients is primarily attributed to complications related to the central nervous system and the heart. In this brief report, we illustrate that severe cardiac involvement in a patient with HUS is potentially reversible using cardiopulmonary bypass as rescue.

Aberrant glomerular filtration of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in nephrotic syndrome leads to amiloride-sensitive plasminogen activation in urine.

In nephrotic syndrome, aberrant glomerular filtration of plasminogen and conversion to active plasmin in preurine are thought to activate proteolytically epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and contribute to sodium retention and edema. The ENaC blocker amiloride is an off-target inhibitor of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in vitro. It was hypothesized that uPA is abnormally filtered to preurine and is inhibited in urine by amiloride in nephrotic syndrome.

Remission of nephrotic syndrome diminishes urinary plasmin content and abolishes activation of ENaC.

Background: Urinary plasmin activates the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) in vitro and may possibly be a mechanism of sodium retention in nephrotic syndrome (NS). This study used a paired design to test the hypothesis that remission of NS is associated with a decreased content of urinary plasmin and reduced ability of patients' urine to activate ENaC.

Methods: Samples were collected during active NS and at stable remission from 20 patients with idiopathic NS, aged 9.

High plasma aldosterone is associated with a risk of reversible decreased eGFR in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Oedema formation in nephrotic syndrome (NS) may be associated with volume overload or volume contraction. The present study investigates if plasma aldosterone was related to a clinical course symptomatic of either volume expansion or hypovolaemia.

Methods: Twenty patients with NS were included.

Plasma and urine proteomic profiles in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Purpose: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia. The aim of the study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in urine and plasma during NS compared with remission.

Experimental Design: Plasma and urine samples were collected during NS and at remission.

Reduced anti-diuretic response to desmopressin during wet nights in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.

Objective: To investigate why not all children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) treated with desmopressin give an adequate response.

Materials And Methods: We included 114 children with MNE aged 5-15 years (9.8 ± 0.

Early age at debut is a predictor of steroid-dependent and frequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) that point to a high risk of frequent relapsing (FR) or steroid-dependent (SD) SSNS. A retrospective analysis of 54 consecutive patients with SSNS was performed. In this cohort, the incidence of idiopathic NS was 1.