Evaluation of nefrotoxicity by tacrolimus and micophenolate mofetil associated with kidney ischemia and reperfusion: experimental study in rats.

Objective: to evaluate the renal toxicity caused by tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in a single kidney ischemia and reperfusion model.

Method: experimental study using Wistar rats, submitted to right nephrectomy and left renal ischemia for 20 minutes, separated into groups in the postoperative period (PO): 1) Control (nonoperated); 2) Sham (operated, without PO drug); 3) TAC0.1, TAC1 and TAC10, tacrolimus administered PO at doses of 0.

[Effects of remifentanil on awakening of propofol sedated patients submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomized clinical trial].

Background And Objectives: Sedation for endoscopic procedures aims to provide high quality sedation, lower risks, short recovery time, superior recovery quality and absence of side effects, seeking high patient level of satisfaction. The goal of the study was to assess administration of remifentanil combined with propofol regarding the effects of the drug association during sedation and recovery for patients submitted to upper gastrointestinal diagnostic endoscopy.

Method: One hundred and five patients were assessed, randomly divided into three groups of 35 patients.

Heterogeneous methodology of racial/ethnic classification may be responsible for the different risk assessments for prostate cancer between Black and White men in Brazil.

Objectives: To evaluate if the different results of prostate cancer risk between black and white Brazilian men may be associated with the varying methodology used to define participants as either Blacks or Whites.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated median PSA values, rate of PSA level ≥ 4.0 ng/ mL, indications for prostate biopsy, prostate cancer detection rate, biopsy/cancer rate, cancer/biopsy rate, and the relative risk of cancer between blacks versus whites, blacks versus non-blacks (browns and whites), non-whites (browns and blacks) versus whites, African versus non-African descendants, and African descendants or blacks versus non-African descendants and non-blacks.

Effects of immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil on renal histology and function in single kidney rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion.

Purpose: To evaluate renal histological changes and renal function in single kidney rats submitted to renal ischemia-reperfusion and to immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate-mofetil.

Methods: Experimental study with 80 Wistar rats distributed into control, Sham and six other groups treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Animals undergoing surgery, right nephrectomy and left renal clamping, killed on the 14th day and analyzed for renal histology, urea and creatinine.

Analysis of the histology of the scar bladder and biochemical parameters of rats with a solitary kidney undergoing immunosuppression with tacrolimus.

Purpose: To evaluate bladder histology in healing and biochemical analysis of rats with single kidney in ischemia/reperfusion, treated with tacrolimus.

Methods: Fifty rats randomized into five groups. Three rats died in surgery, 47 rats divided in groups: Control (non-operated, n=10), Sham (operated without drugs, n=8), T1 (operated + tacrolimus 1mg/kg, n=10), T2 (operated + tacrolimus 0.

Qualitative analysis of the deposit of collagen in bladder suture of rats treated with tacrolimus combined with mycophenolate-mofetil.

Purpose: To evaluate the synthesis of type I (mature) and type III (immature) collagen in bladder suture of rats treated with a combination of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil for 15 days.

Materials And Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 3 groups: the sham, control and experimental groups. All the animals underwent laparotomy, cystotomy and bladder suture in two planes with surgical PDS 5-0 thread.

Prevalence and risk factors for scrotal lesions/anomalies in a cohort of Brazilian men ≥ 40 years of age.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for cutaneous lesions of the scrotum and intrascrotal lesions/anomalies among men included in a prostatic cancer screening program in a Brazilian metropolitan city.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study, private outpatient healthcare service.

Methods: 1731 men aged 40 years or over, participating in a prostate cancer screening program conducted by the municipal public employees' healthcare system, underwent systematic urological assessment by a single examiner.

Prevalence and risk factors for penile lesions/anomalies in a cohort of Brazilian men ≥ 40 years of age.

Purpose: To report the prevalence and risk factors of penile lesions/anomalies in a Metropolitan Brazilian city.

Materials And Methods: All participants undergoing prostate cancer screening in the city of Curitiba were systematically examined to identify penile lesions including cutaneous mycosis, sexually transmitted diseases, penile cancer, meatal stenosis, hypospadias, and Peyronie's disease. Outcomes of interest included the prevalence and the relative risk and 95% confidence intervals of the lesions/anomalies according to age, school level, race, personal history of diabetes, arterial hypertension, nonspecific urethritis, and vasectomy.

The significance of biological, environmental, and social risk factors for prostate cancer in a cohort study in Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the significance of several risk factors for prostate cancer in a cohort of Brazilian men.

Subjects And Methods: Men ≥ 40 years-old participating in a prostate cancer screening program between December 2006 and April 2011 in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, were evaluated to determine the prevalence, relative risk (RR) and 95 % CI of prostate cancer according to age, race, ethnicity, family history of prostate cancer, educational level, and history of vasectomy, increased blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and urethritis.

Results: In 2121 men included in this study, prostate cancer prevalence was 0.

The prevalence of prostate cancer in Brazil is higher in Black men than in White men: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Black men have a higher incidence of prostate cancer compared with White men in several countries. In Brazil, most studies reported a similar prevalence of prostate cancer between Blacks and Whites as a result of the high race mixture of the population.

Objective: To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of the prevalence of prostate cancer in Black versus White, Brown versus White, and Black versus Brown Brazilian men.

Long-term effects of the testicular torsion on the spermatogenesis of the contralateral testis and the preventive value of the twisted testis orchiepididymectomy.

Purpose: To determine whether the testicular torsion causes long-term effects on the spermatogenesis of the contralateral testis, and whether the orchiepididymectomy of the twisted testis could prevent them, using specific spermatogenesis parameters to elucidate the conflicting results in the literature.

Methods: Seventy-four pubertal male Wistar rats were randomly selected. The experimental group consisted of 40 rats, divided into four subgroups, submitted to 1.

The use of double-J catheter decreases complications of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.

Objective: To evaluate the retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy in the treatment of ureteral calculi and the need for double-J catheter to reduce the procedure-related complications.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with 47 patients submitted to retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy, of which 31 were selected and divided into two groups: Group 1, whose patients did not have double-J catheter placement, and Group 2, who underwent perioperative double-J catheter implantation. Data collected comprised pre-and post-operative excretory urography, operative time, postoperative analgesia, length of hospital stay and catheter removal.

Patient positioning during digital rectal examination of the prostate: preferences, tolerability, and results.

Purpose: To evaluate the preferred position used by Brazilian Urologists to perform DRE, the position that Brazilian patients prefer or think it is less embarrassing to have a DRE, and to evaluate the results of DRE with patients in left lateral decubitus, modified lithotomy, standing-up, or the physician will have them place their elbows on the table and squat down slightly.

Materials And Methods: Brazilian Urologists were contacted by e-mail, and 200 patients answered a questionnaire while undergoing prostate cancer screening.

Results: The preferred position was modified lithotomy position reported by 63.

Immunohistochemistry expression of tumor markers CD34 and P27 as a prognostic factor of clinically localized prostate adenocarcinoma after radical prostatectomy.

Objective: to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of P27 and CD34 markers as prognostic factors in patients with localized prostate cancer.

Methods: analysis of 100 patients with localized prostate cancer submitted to curative surgery. We carried out the usual histological preparation, followed by immunohistochemistry to detect the accumulation of P27 and CD34 protein followed by statistical analysis.

[Epidemiologic profile and prognostic factors in clinically localized prostate adenocarcinoma submitted to surgical treatment].

Objective: Radical prostatectomy remains the standard treatment for early prostate cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcome and prognostic factors of radical prostatectomy.

Methods: A total of 500 patients with prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy at Santa Rita hospital- Maringa-PR, between 2000 and 2006.

[Sliding of the distal epineural sheath to cover nerve defects].

Autologous nerve grafting is the most referred technique for bridging neural gaps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of distally sliding the epineurial sheath to cover a defect created in the left sciatic nerve of the rat. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sham (n=6), in which the sciatic nerve was dissected but left intact; conventional suture (CS, n=7), in which a transverse section of the sciatic nerve was followed by an epineurial suture; sliding of the distal epineurial sheath (SDES, n=7), in which a 5 mm resection of the nerve was conducted, followed by a circumferential cut in the distal epineurium, and the epineurial sheath was slid down and sutured into the distal end of the epineurium of the proximal stump.

Ipsilateral testicular necrosis and atrophy after 1,080-degree torsion of the spermatic cord in rats.

Purpose: To assess the incidence of testicular necrosis/atrophy immediately after 1 to 4 hours of 1,080-degree torsion of the spermatic cord, and 60 days after detorsion of the spermatic cord.

Methods: 42 rats were divided in 7 groups. Except for the control group, surgical torsion of the right spermatic cord was performed in all groups (T0).

Influence of nicotine on healing of vesical sutures in rabbits.

Purpose: To study the effects of nicotine on inflammatory cells, deposition of collagen and its interference on the strength of tissue in vesical sutures in rabbits.

Methods: Twenty New Zealand rabbits were used, randomized into two groups: group N, consisting of 10 animals, to which nicotine was administered in the dose of 2mg/kg of weight as a subcutaneous injection, diluted in 1 ml of saline solution at 0.9% in a daily administration during the 28 days prior to the surgery; and group C, consisting of 10 animals, to which saline solution at 0.

[Surgical bladder wounds treated with Orbignya phalerata aqueous extract: controlled study in rats].

Introduction: Wound healing is a complex process that deals with different biological and immunological systems and is essential to keep the organism integrity. Three well-defined phases occur: inflammatory, proliferative and maturation. A failure or lengthy phase may result in a delay or absence of it.

[Effect of Passiflora edulis (passion fruit) extract on rats' bladder wound healing: morphological study].

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves in the healing of urinary bladder in rats from histological aspects.

Methods: Forty Wistar male rats were submitted to a longitudinal incision of the bladder followed by a stetching in only one level. After this common procedure, animals were divided at random two groups: Passiflora and Control.

Surgical reduction of the renal mass in rats: morphologic and functional analysis on the remnant kidney.

Purpose: This study has analyzed the biochemical and morphological effects on the remnant kidney in rats which were submitted to progressive surgical ablation of renal mass.

Methods: Sixty Wistar male rats, weighing between 210 and 380g, were used and they were distributed in 3 groups of 20 animals each. The rats from the groups called 1, 2 and 3 were submitted to the surgical removal of renal tissue equivalent to 1/2, 2/3 and 5/6 of the whole renal mass, respectively.

Effects of the pneumoperitoneum in rats submitted to a unilateral nephrectomy: morphologic and functional study on the remnant kidney.

Purpose: The aim of this experimental study is to analyze the morphologic and functional effects of the pneumoperitoneum on the remnant kidney in rats submitted to a unilateral nephrectomy.

Methods: Forty-eight male adults Wistar rats, with an average weight between 240 to 350 g, were distributed in three groups. The rats in Group 1 were subdivided into two other subgroups: Control Group IA and lB.

Efficiency of 6- and 12-punctures biopsies to detect prostate cancer in patients with PSA

Objective: Establish the efficiency of 6- and 12-punctures transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsies in low risk patients for prostate cancer. Six-punctures (sextant) biopsies were compared to 12-punctures biopsies, assessing which is the best strategy to detect this neoplasm.

Materials And Methods: Among 240 patients submitted to prostate biopsy, 54 with suspected small and organ-localized tumors (prostatic specific antigen View Article and Find Full Text PDF