Brazilian experience in EU-CORE: daptomycin registry and treatment of serious Gram-positive infections.

Objectives: To collect data about non-controlled prescribing use of daptomycin and its impact among Brazilian patients with serious Gram positive bacterial infection, as well as the efficacy and safety outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This is a multi-center, retrospective, non-interventional registry (August 01, 2009 to June 30, 2011) to collect data on 120 patients (44 patients in the first year and 76 patients in the second year) who had received at least one dose of commercial daptomycin in Brazil for the treatment of serious Gram-positive bacterial infection.

Results: Right-sided endocarditis (15.

The assessment of infection control in dental practices in the municipality of São Paulo.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the infection control measures actually implemented by dental surgeons during dental practice, as patients and professionals are exposed to high biological risk in dental care environments.

Method: 614 questionnaires (90.69%) were answered by professionals registered in updating or in post-graduate courses in the Municipality of São Paulo.

Polymyxin B and colistimethate are comparable as to efficacy and renal toxicity.

We compared 41 patients who received colistimethate with 41 who received polymyxin B for the treatment of serious infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. and found both polymyxins have similar efficacy and toxicity.

Vancomycin use in a hospital with high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: comparison with Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committe Guidelines (HICPAC).

This study evaluates vancomycin prescribing patterns in a tertiary-care hospital, with high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, comparing with the guidelines proposed by the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. The study was conducted in a 930-bed tertiary-care hospital, during 40 days (March 10 to April 30, 2003). Data were collected of all patients given vancomycin, using a standardized chart-extraction form designed.

Surgical site infection in patients submitted to digestive surgery: risk prediction and the NNIS risk index.

Background: Some problems have been reported with the power of the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) risk index to predict the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) for specific procedures.

Objectives: To develop an alternative risk prediction index for SSI and to compare the performance with the NNIS index.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out with all (609) patients submitted to digestive tract surgery in 2 general teaching hospitals in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, from August 2001 through March 2002.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedic surgeries: the results of an implemented protocol.

Though the basic principles of antibiotic prophylaxis have been well established, there is still considerable incorrect usage, including how much is prescribed and especially in the duration of treatment, which is generally superior to what is indicated. The adequate use of these drugs contributes towards decreasing the time of internment of the patient, prevents surgical site infection (SSI), decreasing the development of resistant microorganisms, and towards reduced costs for the hospital pharmacy. A protocol for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo was developed.

A pseudo-outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.

Five VRE isolates were reported from sterile samples. No infections were diagnosed among the patients, who were on different wards. PFGE showed that all five isolates were clonal.