The usefulness of diffusion-weighted/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging in the diagnostics and timing of lacunar and nonlacunar stroke.

Introduction: The DWI/FLAIR mismatch is a potential radiological marker for the timing of stroke onset. The aim of the study was to assess if the DWI/FLAIR mismatch can help to identify patients with both lacunar and nonlacunar acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 h of onset.

MRI brain findings in ephedrone encephalopathy associated with manganese abuse: Single-center perspective.

Background: Manganese (Mn) is a well-known toxic agent causing symptoms of parkinsonism in employees of certain branches of industry. Home production of a psychostimulant ephedrone (methcathinone), involving the use of potassium permanganate, became a new cause of intoxications in Poland.

Case Report: This article presents clinical symptoms, initial brain MRI findings and characteristics of changes observed in follow-up examinations in 4 patients with manganese intoxication associated with intravenous administration of ephedrone.

[Encephalopathy caused by intravenous potassium permanganate used for illegal production of methcathinone (ephedrone) from medicines containing pseudoephedrine].

Encephalopathy caused by manganese compounds used for illicit production of ephedrone (methcathinone) is described. The onset of disease could be observed after some months of regular intravenous use of ephedrone contaminated with manganese. In clinical picture dominate neurological signs and symptoms, mainly extrapyramidal syndromes: parkinsonism, tremor, muscle distonia, pro- and retropulsion.

Training in rapid auditory processing ameliorates auditory comprehension in aphasic patients: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Experimental studies have often reported close associations between rapid auditory processing and language competency. The present study was aimed at improving auditory comprehension in aphasic patients following specific training in the perception of temporal order (TO) of events. We tested 18 aphasic patients showing both comprehension and TO perception deficits.

Correlations between cerebellar and brain volumes, cognitive impairments, ApoE levels, and APOE genotypes in patients with AD and MCI.

Due to the increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), many studies have aimed to improve its diagnosis. Particular attention has been focused on measuring volumes of brain structures. Only few studies have investigated whether the cerebellar volume changes with the stage of dementia.

Variants of cerebral arteries - anterior circulation.

Advances in imaging techniques allow for in vivo identification of abnormalities and normal variants of cerebral arteries. These arterial variations can be asymptomatic and uncomplicated although, some of them increase the risk of aneurysm formation, acute intracranial hemorrhage, play a vital role in neurosurgical planning or can be misidentified as serious pathology and medical errors. The goal of this publication is to discuss arterial anomalies of anterior cerebral circulation, their prevalence and demonstrate radiological images of some of those variants.

Eight-year survival and continuation of therapy in a patient suffering from prostate cancer with metastases and pathological fractures of vertebrae.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health problem and one of the main causes of cancer mortality in men [1]. In patients with PCa, bone metastases manifest in 100% of patients when the PSA level exceeds 100 ng/ml causing pains and posing a risk for pathological fractures [2]. We report a case of a 70-year-old male with PCa and pathological fractures of the vertebrae, in whom we observed long-term regression and an 8-year-survival while undergoing continuous therapy.

[Spinocerebellar ataxias type 1 and 2: comparison of clinical, electrophysiological and magnetic resonance evaluation].

Background And Purpose: Spinocerebellar ataxias type 1 (SCA1) and type 2 (SCA2) belong to neurodegenerative disorders of autosomal dominant inheritance, genetically and clinically heterogeneous, caused by the expansion of CAG trinucleotides. Trunk and limb ataxia, dysarthria, dysphagia, gaze palsy, sensory and motor axonal neuropathy are the dominant features in both entities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the differences between genotype and phenotype based on clinical and electrophysiological assessment of the visual, auditory pathways, and EEG alterations in comparison with the cerebellar and brain atrophy in MRI.

[Progressive atrophy of the globus pallidus--case report].

The authors report a case of atrophy of the globus pallidus in a woman aged 25 years, diagnosed alive. The diagnosis was based to a large extent on MRI findings. Atrophy of the globus pallidus (AGP) is a rare disease, recognized mostly in neuropathological examination.

[Neural listeriosis presenting as leptomeningitis: a case report].

The Listeria monocytogenes infection is rare and difficult to diagnosis. However, it is associated with a high mortality in adults. A case is presented of a 78-year-old woman with an immunological deficit following viral infection (herpes zoster).

Cognitive functioning in neurologically symptomatic and asymptomatic forms of Wilson's disease.

We sought to determine the pattern of cognitive deficits in patients with Wilson's disease (WD) with different type and degree of neurological involvement, and to interpret the findings in relation to the underlying pathology. A total of 67 WD patients were examined with a neuropsychological test battery assessing different aspects of cognitive processing. The patients were subdivided into three groups: neurologically asymptomatic, neurological with pure basal ganglia lesions, and neurological with more extensive pathology.

[Clinical and genetic study of juvenile form of Huntington's disease].

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by high instability and extension of CAG sequences within the coding region of IT15 gene. It affects both sexes and age at onset of the disease may be different but usually occurs in midlife. The term Juvenile Huntington's disease is generally applied to 10% of the cases with onset before 20.