Biodegradable Polyurethane Foams Based on Polyols Obtained from Cellulose and Its Hydroxypropyl Derivative.

Three methods of cellulose-derived polyol synthesis were elaborated. The suitable substrates were (hydroxypropyl)cellulose or cellulose, which were hydroxyalkylated in reactions with glycidol and ethylene carbonate in triethylene glycol or in water. The products were characterized by IR, H NMR, and MALDI ToF spectroscopies.

Cellulose-Based Polyurethane Foams of Low Flammability.

Decreasing oil resources creates the need to search for raw materials in the biosphere, which can be converted into polyols suitable for obtaining polyurethane foams (PUF). One such low-cost and reproducible biopolymer is cellulose. There are not many examples of cellulose-derived polyols due to the sluggish reactivity of cellulose itself.

Chitosan Oligomer as a Raw Material for Obtaining Polyurethane Foams.

Decreasing oil extraction stimulates attempts to use biologically available sources to produce polyols, which are the basic components for obtaining polyurethane foams. Plants are inexhaustible source of oils, sugars, starches, and cellulose. Similar substrates to obtain polyols are chitosans.

Polyols and Polyurethane Foams Obtained from Mixture of Metasilicic Acid and Cellulose.

Hydroxyalkylation of the mixture of metasilicic acid and cellulose with glycidol and ethylene carbonate leads to a polyol suitable to obtain rigid polyurethane foams. The composition, structure, and physical properties of the polyol were studied in detail. The obtained foams have apparent density, water absorption, and polymerization shrinkage, as well as heat conduction coefficients similar to conventional, rigid polyurethane foams.

Derivatives of Phenylene-1,2-diamine as Modifiers for Unsaturated Polyester Resins.

The results are presented on the synthesis of new modifiers for unsaturated polyester resins, obtained by reacting ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with phenylene-1,2-diamine. The effect of the modifiers and cobalt accelerator on the reactivity of resins was also studied. When used in the amount of up to 1.

A One-pot Multicomponent Reaction for the Synthesis of Oligoetherols with Azacyclic Rings.

The one-pot multicomponent synthesis of oligoetherols containing azacycles is described. They were obtained by reaction of isocyanuric, barbituric, or uric acid or melamine with glycidol and alkylene carbonates. The isolated products were characterized by physical methods and their properties were compared with the same compounds obtained in twostep protocol.

Melamine Polyphosphate - the Reactive and Additive Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams.

Melamine polyphosphate, MPP was applied as reactive and additive flame retardant for thermally resistant polyurethane foams. MPP was hydroxyalkylated with ethylene and propylene carbonates to get oligoetherols with 1,3,5-triazine ring and phosphorus. The structure and physical properties of the products were studied.

New Method of Synthesis of Oligoetherols with Carbazole Ring.

The new method of synthesis of multifuntional oligoetherols with carbazole ring suitable for obtaining the polyurethane foams of enhanced thermal resistance was presented. At the first step of the synthesis the carbazole was reacted with excess glycidol to obtain the product of (n +1) functionality, where n is number of equivalents of glycidol reacted with carbazole. This semiproduct was then reacted with oxiranes like ethylene and propylene oxides or alkylene carbonates like ethylene and propylene carbonates.