Expression of CD151/Tspan24 and integrin alpha 3 complex in aid of prognostication of HER2-negative high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ.

The pro-tumorigenic and pro-metastatic functions of the tetraspanin protein CD151 (Tspan24) are thought to be dependent on its ability to form complexes with laminin-binding integrin receptors (i.e. alpha6beta1, alpha3beta1, alpha6beta4).

Prognostic value of HER3, PTEN and p-HER2 expression in patients with HER2positive breast cancer.

Background: HER2 overexpression is an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer, but it is also a target for the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, which is effective in adjuvant and palliative settings. HER2 positivity is an inclusion criterion for immunotherapy, but it is not a positive predictive factor, and only half of patients benefit from the treatment.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of HER3, PTEN and phosphorylated HER2 (p-HER2) expression in primary breast tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab in an adjuvant or palliative regimen.

Association of the Arg194Trp and the Arg399Gln polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene with risk occurrence and the response to adjuvant therapy among Polish women with breast cancer.

Background: The XRCC1 gene encoding the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 protein (XRCC1) is involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway.

Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate an association of the Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene with a risk of breast cancer occurrence and the response to adjuvant treatment among Polish women. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated in groups of patients with breast cancer treated with (1) all types of adjuvant therapy, (2) concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, (3) chemotherapy alone, or (4) radiotherapy alone.

Analysis of cancer tissues by means of spectroscopic methods.

The personalized approach in cancer treatment stimulates the search for new analytical techniques, including spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization) imaging and high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR MAS NMR). The purpose of these studies is determination of metabolic profiles of cancer tissues, and their application in diagnostics and therapy of cancers. The review is mainly focused on application of HR MAS NMR technique.

Influence of genomic variation in FTO at 16q12.2, MC4R at 18q22 and NRXN3 at 14q31 genes on breast cancer risk.

Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in women. It is known that obesity is one of the risk factors of breast cancer. The subject of our interest was genes: FTO, MC4R and NRXN3-associated with obesity.

Detection of P53 mutations in different cancer types is improved by cDNA sequencing.

Recently published data show discrepancies between P53 cDNA and DNA sequencing results in glioblastoma, colorectal cancer and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. We hypothesized that similar discrepancies are observed in other types of human cancers. Using DNA and cDNA direct sequencing, we analyzed 40 cases of invasive breast duct carcinoma, 23 cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia, 12 cases of astrocytoma and 40 cases of soft tissue sarcoma for P53 mutations.

Basal keratin expression in breast cancer by quantification of mRNA and by immunohistochemistry.

Definitions of basal-like breast cancer phenotype vary, and microarray-based expression profiling analysis remains the gold standard for the identification of these tumors. Immunohistochemical identification of basal-like carcinomas is hindered with a fact, that on microarray level not all of them express basal-type cytokeratin 5/6, 14 and 17. We compared expression of cytokeratin 5, 14 and 17 in 115 patients with operable breast cancer estimated by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Breast cancer relapse prediction based on multi-gene RT-PCR algorithm.

Background: Breast cancer is very heterogeneous disease at both the clinical and molecular levels. Most research is based on analysis of a single gene, but only complex investigation of genes involved in different cell processes such as apoptosis or signal transduction can help to better understand the biology of this type of tumour. Novel techniques such as microarrays and real-time RT-PCR allow performance of such complex research.

Does vimentin help to delineate the so-called 'basal type breast cancer'?

Background: Vimentin is one of the cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins which are the major component of the cytoskeleton. In our study we checked the usefulness of vimentin expression in identifying cases of breast cancer with poorer prognosis, by adding vimentin to the immunopanel consisting of basal type cytokeratins, estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors.

Methods: 179 tissue specimens of invasive operable ductal breast cancer were assessed by the use of immunohistochemistry.

CD151 regulates tumorigenesis by modulating the communication between tumor cells and endothelium.

The tetraspanin CD151 forms stoichiometric complexes with laminin-binding integrins (e.g., alpha3beta1, alpha6beta1, and alpha6beta4) and regulates their ligand-binding and signaling functions.

Prognostic relevance of cyclin E expression in operable breast cancer.

Background: Cyclin E is an important regulator of cell-cycle progression. High levels of cyclin E protein in breast cancer have been reported in association with higher disease stage, poor histological differentiation of tumor, and lack of steroid receptors. Data concerning the prognostic relevance of cyclin E expression in breast cancer are conflicting.

Recurrence of cholangiogenous carcinoma in port-sites two years after laparoscopic removal of noncancerous gallbladder.

We present a unique case of carcinoma diagnosed in port-site, two years after uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy for benign cholecystitis. Analysis of morphology and cytokeratin profile (CK19+ and CK20+/-) of resected port-site tumor allows us to establish the diagnosis of tubular carcinoma with probable cholangiogenic origin. The primary carcinoma was not diagnosed in archival gallbladder tissue, despite repeated histological examination.

Relationship of P-cadherin expression to basal phenotype of breast carcinoma.

Background: P-cadherin (P-CD) is a molecule expressed mainly by basal cells involved in cell adhesion. We evaluated expression of P-CD in operable breast carcinomas and its relationship with immunohistochemical markers of the basal-like phenotype and with clinical outcome.

Material And Methods: Expression of P-CD was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 194 tissue specimens of invasive operable ductal breast cancer.

A comparative assessment of HER2 status in operable breast cancer by real-time RT-PCR and by immunohistochemistry.

Background: The most commonly used methods for detecting HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer are immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess HER2 expression by real-time RT-PCR.

Material/methods: Expression of HER2 was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in specimens of invasive ductal breast cancer tissue obtained from 131 women during radical mastectomy.

Ki-67 expression in operable breast cancer: a comparative study of immunostaining and a real-time RT-PCR assay.

The main purpose of this retrospective study was to compare Ki-67 expression in operable breast cancer examined by immunostaining and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Relations between Ki-67 and classic prognostic factors were also investigated, and the prognostic relevance of Ki-67 expression was examined. Expression of Ki-67 was analyzed in specimens of invasive ductal breast cancer tissue obtained from 131 women during radical mastectomy.

Cyclin E expression in operable breast cancer quantified using real-time RT-PCR: a comparative study with immunostaining.

Objective: The main purpose of this retrospective study was to compare cyclin E expression levels in operable breast cancer patients determined using real-time RT-PCR and immunostaining. The prognostic relevance of cyclin E was also investigated.

Methods: Specimens of invasive ductal breast cancer tissues obtained from 124 women during radical mastectomy were analyzed.

Prognostic relevance of basal cytokeratin expression in operable breast cancer.

Objective: We investigated whether basal cytokeratin (CK5/6 or CK17) expression had an impact on survival in patients with operable breast cancer.

Methods: Expression of CK5/6 or CK17 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 195 women with breast cancer.

Results: In total, 72 (37%) tumor samples were regarded as being positive for CK5/6 or CK17.

Immunohistochemical identification of basal-type cytokeratins in invasive ductal breast carcinoma--relation with grade, stage, estrogen receptor and HER2.

Gene expression analyses with cDNA microarray technology identified distinct groups of breast cancers. Tumors with no ER expression could be divided into three subgroups: "basal-like" subtype, HER2-positive subtype, and "normal breast-like". "Basal-like" subtype was characterized by high expression of keratins 5 and 17, laminin and fatty acid binding protein 7.