Social-single prolonged stress as an ether-free candidate animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder: Female and male outcomings.

Background: Single Prolonged Stress (SPS) is a valid animal model that reflects the core of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) phenotypes. Although SPS has been a pivotal tool, it can bring ethics approval difficulties due to the use of ether as a stressor. The present study evaluated if changing a chemical (ether) with a social stressor resembles the PTSD hallmark symptoms.

Contribution of Opioid and Nitrergic Systems to -Trifluoromethyl diphenyl Diselenide Attenuates Morphine-Induced Tolerance in Mice.

-Trifluoromethyl diphenyl diselenide (TFDD) has antinociceptive and antidepressant-like properties and attenuates morphine withdrawal signs in mice. This study investigated if TFDD affects the development of morphine tolerance to its antinociceptive and antidepressant-like effects in mice. We also investigated whether TFDD modulates signaling pathways related to morphine tolerance, including the opioid receptors and some parameters of the nitrergic system.

m-CF-substituted diphenyl diselenide attenuates all phases of morphine-induced behavioral locomotor sensitization in mice.

Background: Behavioral sensitization, thought to underlie some aspects of drug dependence, is typically measured as increased locomotion in response to repeated administration of a drug. The study aimed to investigate the (m-CF3-PhSe) effects on the acquisition, withdrawal, and re-exposure phases of morphine-induced behavioral locomotor sensitization.

Methods: Swiss male mice were treated with saline or morphine at 10 mg/kg twice a day for 3 days; those of the morphine group were kept in the morphine withdrawal period (5 days).

Natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)-based blueberry extracts protect against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Blueberry is a polyphenol-rich fruit bearing great bioactive potential. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) emerged as putatively biocompatible solvents that could substitute for toxic organic solvents in the extraction of fruit phenolic compounds for developing nutraceuticals or functional foods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the gastroprotective effects and the biocompatibility of a blueberry crude extract (CE) obtained using NADES and of the extract fractions (anthocyanin-rich fraction - ARF; non-anthocyanin phenolic fraction - NAPF) in a model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

CF3-substituted diselenide modulatory effects on oxidative stress, induced by single and repeated morphine administrations, in susceptible tissues of mice.

Studies reveal that oxidative stress is associated with adverse effects of long-term morphine treatment. The -trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide (CF3) is a multi-target organoselenium compound that has antioxidant properties in different experimental models. This study aimed to investigate the CF3 effects against redox imbalance in peripheral and central tissues of mice, after single or multiple morphine doses.

Dietary supplementation with annatto food-coloring extracts increases the resistance of human erythrocytes to hemolysis.

Erythrocytes exhibit high susceptibility to hemolysis in several pathologies due to the oxidation of cellular components. We hypothesized that annatto carotenoids improve the redox status of erythrocyte plasma membranes and promote a consequent increase in human erythrocyte resistance to hemolysis. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether food-grade annatto carotenoids can increase human erythrocyte resistance to hemolysis in vitro and ex vivo.

[Parasitoids of muscoids diptera collected at Alvorada slaughterhouse in Itumbiara, south of Goiás, Brazil].

Species of parasitoids associated with synanthropic flies were trapped by using chopped bovine liver as bites at slaughterhouse Itumbiara in the State of Goiás, from March to December 2005. Pupae were obtained by removing them from sand, after using liver baits as substract to atract flies. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergency of the adult flies or their parasitoids.