Association between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus uberis causing clinical mastitis.

It is unknown whether overuse of antimicrobials against clinical mastitis (CM) from Streptococcus uberis is associated with increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR in relation to the Strep. uberis causing CM in dairy herds.

Nonadherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Following Pediatric Kidney Transplantation Within Full Cost Coverage Health System: Prevalence and Correlates.

Objectives: Pediatric patients are at higher risk of nonadherence to immunosuppressive medication after kidney transplant and the resulting adverse outcomes. Factors associated with nonadherence vary, which follow an epidemiological framework and according to health system patterns. The Brazilian public health system covers all costs of kidney transplant, including immunosuppressive medications.

Direct identification of bovine mastitis pathogens by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in pre-incubated milk.

The present study aimed to compare two MALDI-TOF identification methods [(a) direct sample identification after pre-incubation; or (b) use of bacteria isolated on pre-culture)] to standard, traditional bench microbiology. A total of 120 quarter milk samples from 40 Holstein lactating cows were screened based on culture-positive results obtained by microbiological culture (reference method) with the following numbers of quarters positive per cow: 4 cows with 1, 8 cows with 2, 12 cows with 3 and 16 cows with 4 infected quarters per cow. For direct identification method, quarter milk samples (n=120) were skimmed by centrifugation (10,000×g/10min) and pre-incubated at 37°C for 12h.

Intra-hospital organ and tissue donation coordination project: cost-effectiveness and social benefits.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the viability of a professional specialist in intra-hospital committees of organ and tissue donation for transplantation.METHODS Epidemiological, retrospective and cross-sectional study (2003-2011 and 2008-2012), which was performed using organ donation for transplants data in the state of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. Nine hospitals were evaluated (hospitals 1 to 9).

An analysis of the quality indicators of the organ donation process in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Few studies have investigated whether quality initiatives in the process of organ donation yield better results of the organ donation process.

Objective: To analyze whether the indicators of the organ donation process in Brazilian hospitals meet the standards established by the Organ Donation European Quality System (ODEQUS).

Design: We evaluated the quality of the organ donation in a selected group of Brazilian hospitals served by the Nucleus of Organ Procurement (NOP) using standards of the ODEQUS.