Factors influencing health-related quality of life in patients with bladder or kidney cancer: a prospective cohort study of the impact of nutritional status and frailty phenotype.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of nutritional status and frailty phenotype and the predictors of temporal changes on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with bladder or kidney cancer.

Methods: Frailty phenotype, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment, and Quality-of-life questionnaire Core-30 were applied twice to patients diagnosed with bladder or kidney cancer. Patients also completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, and clinical data were collected from records.

Inflammation, but not skeletal muscle index, is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 mortality in patients with cancer.

Background & Aims: Patients with cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have characteristics that can cause the most severe forms of the disease and higher mortality. We aimed to assess the association between computed tomography (CT)-derived muscle abnormalities, anthropometric parameters, inflammation, and mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with cancer and COVID-19 admitted between March 1st and December 31st, 2020.

Nutritional status at hospital admission and prediction of clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with cancer: Results of the Brazilian survey on oncological nutrition in paediatrics.

Background: Changes in nutritional status are recognised as predictors of unfavourable outcomes in children and adolescents with cancer, particularly in developing countries. There have been no studies on children and adolescents with cancer from every region of Brazil or on the impact of nutritional status on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the nutritional status of children and adolescents with cancer and the prediction of clinical outcomes.

Association between functional aspects and health-related quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer: can handgrip strength be the measure of choice in clinical practice?

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). A cross-sectional study was conducted including CRC patients.

Methods: We performed an assessment of aspects of functional health using the criteria of frailty phenotype (defined by Fried et al.

Predictive validity of GLIM malnutrition diagnosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Considering that the validation of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) remains unclear in patients with colorectal cancer, the present study aimed to assess the agreement, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic effect of the GLIM on survival when compared with the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA).

Methods: Patients with colorectal cancer who were scheduled to undergo a routine abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan were recruited. Using the GLIM two-step approach, the patients were first screened for malnutrition by using the PG-SGA Short Form (score ≥3).

Construction of a nutritional assessment tool for the pediatric cancer population (ANPEDCancer): content validation using the Delphi method.

Objective: To develop and establish content validation of a nutritional assessment tool for pediatric cancer patients using the Delphi method.

Methods: A literature review was performed and the nutritional assessment in pediatrics and cancer construct was discussed with experts. Forty-six nutrition experts from Brazil with experience in oncology participated in the panel.

Performance of subjective global nutritional assessment in predicting clinical outcomes: Data from the Brazilian survey of pediatric oncology nutrition.

Background: Methods for assessing nutritional status in children and adolescents with cancer is a difficult in clinical practice. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) in predicting clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with cancer in Brazil.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort multicenter study.

Phase angle as a marker for muscle abnormalities and function in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background And Aims: Considering the applicability of phase angle (PhA) as a marker of muscle mass and function, we aimed to investigate whether PhA is a predictor of muscle abnormalities and function in patients with cancer.

Methods: In a sample of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), PhA was obtained from measurements of resistance and reactance from bioelectrical impedance analysis. Computerized tomography imaging at the third lumbar vertebra was used to evaluate muscle abnormalities by quantifying skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD).

Association between nutritional status and muscle strength in pediatric cancer patients.

Background & Aims: Cancer provides a catabolic state, leading to weight loss and depletion of lean mass, which is accompanied by loss of muscle strength in pediatric patients. Muscle strength is considered a predictor of nutritional status. The aim was to evaluate the association between nutritional status and muscle strength in pediatric cancer patients hospitalized at the Cancer Hospital I.

Influence of nutritional status and frailty phenotype on health-related quality of life of patients with bladder or kidney cancer.

Purpose: This research aimed to assess the impact of nutritional status and frailty in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with bladder or kidney cancer.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with individuals aged 20 years or older. Frailty phenotype was defined using the criteria of Fried et al.

Postoperative complication rate and survival of patients with gastric cancer undergoing immunonutrition: A retrospective study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative immunonutrition on the rate of postoperative complication and survival of patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: A retrospective cohort was formed after data collection of patients hospitalized with gastric cancer. Postoperative complications classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system, length of hospital stay, readmissions, and rates of survival at 6 mo, 1 y, and 5 y were analyzed.

Comparative Analysis Between Computed Tomography and Surrogate Methods to Detect Low Muscle Mass Among Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the agreement between computed tomography (CT) and surrogate methods applied in clinical practice for the assessment of low muscle mass. In addition, we assessed the association between different muscle-assessment methods and nutrition status, as well as the prognostic value of low muscle mass on survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: This is a cohort including 188 CRC patients with 17 months' follow-up (interquartile range: 12-23 months) for mortality.

Patient-generated subjective global assessment predicts cachexia and death in patients with head, neck and abdominal cancer: A retrospective longitudinal study.

Background & Aims: Cancer is a complex disease, with poor prognosis when associated with malnutrition. This condition can lead to Cancer Cachexia (CC), a syndrome characterized by loss of muscle mass with or without fat loss, often associated with higher risk of death. Although there are recommended screening tools to assess nutritional status in cancer patients, such as Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), little is known about CC prediction.

Lycopene inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and modulates cellular lipid storage and signaling.

Hepatic stellate cells are liver-specific perivascular cells, identified as the major source of collagen in liver fibrosis, following their activation and conversion to myofibroblast-like cells. Lycopene is a carotenoid with biological activities and protective effects described in different pathologies, but little is known about its role in liver protection. We evaluated the influence of lycopene on the cell cycle and lipid metabolism and monitored the possible pathways involved in lycopene inhibition of stellate cell activation.

Frailty is associated with myosteatosis in obese patients with colorectal cancer.

Background & Aims: We aimed to explore the determinants of muscle fat infiltration and to investigate whether myosteatosis, assessed as muscle fat infiltration percentage (%MFI) and muscle attenuation from computed tomography (CT), is associated with frailty in a group of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Cross sectional study including CRC patients. CT scan of the third lumbar vertebra was used to quantify body composition and the degree of %MFI (reported as percentage of fat within muscle area).

Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction; Sarcopenia are frequently observed in cancer patients and was associated with poor prognosis. Objectives; to determine the association of nutritional status, body composition, and clinic parameters with sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods; We conducted a cross-sectional study of 197 patients with CRC.

Impact of Treatment Type on Overall Survival in ElderlyBrazilian Women with Breast Cancer.

Objective: To analyze the survival of elderly patients with breast cancer according to the type of treatment used. Methods: A cohort study of women aged 80 or over with breast cancer registered with the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (Instituto Nacional do Câncer - INCA) between 2008 and 2009 was conducted. Prognosis was analyzed according to the cancer treatment performed: surgery, radiotherapy, or hormone therapy.

Nutrition and Immune-Modulatory Intervention in Surgical Patients With Gastric Cancer.

This study evaluated the effect of an immune-modulatory diet on patients with gastric cancer and identified the parameters associated with postoperative outcomes. This was a single-arm prospective intervention study. At baseline, patients were assessed for nutrition (Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment), inflammatory markers (albumin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin 6 [IL-6]), and immune markers (percentage NK, CD4, CD8, and CD4:CD8 ratio); they also received nutrition counseling and high-calorie/protein supplement.

Effect of lycopene on cell viability and cell cycle progression in human cancer cell lines.

Background: Lycopene, a major carotenoid component of tomato, has a potential anticancer activity in many types of cancer. Epidemiological and clinical trials rarely provide evidence for mechanisms of the compound's action, and studies on its effect on cancer of different cell origins are now being done. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of lycopene on cell cycle and cell viability in eight human cancer cell lines.

Evaluation of clinical variables associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in middle-aged hypertensive women.

It has been previously documented that carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a predictor of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to identify clinical parameters associated with an increased cIMT treated hypertensive women. Female patients (n = 116) with essential hypertension, aged 40-65 years, were included in this study.

Annual variation in body fat is associated with systemic inflammation in chronic kidney disease patients Stages 3 and 4: a longitudinal study.

Background: In dialysis patients, cross-sectional studies show that total and abdominal body fat associate with inflammatory markers. Whether this is true in earlier disease stages is unknown. We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal (12-month interval) association between body fat markers and C-reactive protein (CRP) in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.