Improved anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and domestic wastewater by copper supplementation - Microbial community change and enhanced effluent quality.

Anaerobic co-digesters are biorefineries for energy recovery from food waste and domestic wastewater via methane production. Nonetheless, the performance of this technology was not always satisfied due to the long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) generation from food waste. Micronutrient supplementation is an effective strategy that could be applied during the anaerobic (co-)digestion to further enhance the digestion efficiency while treating food waste.

Microbial transformation of chiral organohalides: Distribution, microorganisms and mechanisms.

Chiral organohalides including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) raise a significant concern in the environmental occurrence, fate and ecotoxicology due to their enantioselective biological effects. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview on enantioselective microbial transformation of the chiral organohalides. We firstly summarized worldwide field assessments of chiral organohalides in a variety of environmental matrices, which suggested the pivotal role of microorganisms in enantioselective transformation of chiral organohalides.

Development of hybrid processes for the removal of volatile organic compounds, plasticizer, and pharmaceutically active compound using sewage sludge, waste scrap tires, and wood chips as sorbents and microbial immobilization matrices.

This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood chips) to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes/trichloroethylene/cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (BTEX/TCE/cis-DCE), plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and pharmaceutically active compound carbamazepine from artificially contaminated water. Different hybrid removal processes were developed: (1) 300 mg/L BTEX + 20 mg/L TCE + 10 mg/L cis-DCE + tires + Pseudomonas sp.; (2) 250 mg/L toluene + sewage sludge biochar + Pseudomonas sp.

Reutilization of waste scrap tyre as the immobilization matrix for the enhanced bioremoval of a monoaromatic hydrocarbons, methyl tert-butyl ether, and chlorinated ethenes mixture from water.

BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, ortho-, meta-, and para-xylenes), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), and trichloroethylene (TCE) are among the major soil and groundwater contaminants frequently co-existing, as a result of their widespread uses. Pseudomonas plecoglossicida was immobilized on waste scrap tyre to remove these contaminants mixture from synthetic contaminated water. The microbial activity was enhanced in the immobilized system, shown by the higher colony forming units (CFUs) (40%), while BTEX were used as growth substrates.

Multivariate optimization for the simultaneous bioremoval of BTEX and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of some major parameters on the cometabolic removal of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE), mixed with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes, by an indigenous bacterial isolate Pseudomonas plecoglossicida. Such statistical methodologies as hierarchical cluster analysis heat map and principal component analysis were applied to better evaluate the effects of major parameters (soil pH, temperature, moisture, and cis-DCE/TCE concentrations) on the biological process. The bioremoval experiments were carried out in microcosms containing soil slurry, and the headspace concentrations of contaminants were analyzed by gas chromatography.

Effect of COD/TP ratio on biological nutrient removal in A²O and SBR processes coupled with microfiltration and effluent reuse potential.

Two bench-scale hybrid processes, anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A(2)O) reactor and sequencing batch reactor (SBR), each followed by the microfiltration (MF) system, were simultaneously operated to compare their performances on the removal of organics and phosphorus from both synthetic and real wastewater to further explore the potential for effluent reuse. The effects of different influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total phosphorus (TP) ratios (27, 50, 80, and 200) were investigated. For both processes, when the influent COD/TP ratio was 200, the effluent quality was satisfactory for some reuse potential.

Enhanced removal of naproxen and carbamazepine from wastewater using a novel countercurrent seepage bioreactor immobilized with Phanerochaete chrysosporium under non-sterile conditions.

A countercurrent seepage bioreactor immobilized with Phanerochaete chrysosporium was continuously operated under non-sterile conditions to treat a synthetic wastewater spiked with naproxen and carbamazepine (1000μg/L each) for 165days. There were no serious bacterial contaminations occurred during the operational period. Naproxen was always removed to the undetectable level regardless of the experimental conditions, while the average removal efficiency for carbamazepine, a well-known recalcitrant pharmaceutically active compound, reached around 80%.

Effect of toluene concentration and hydrogen peroxide on Pseudomonas plecoglossicida cometabolizing mixture of cis-DCE and TCE in soil slurry.

An indigenous Pseudomonas sp., isolated from the regional contaminated soil and identified as P. plecoglossicida, was evaluated for its aerobic cometabolic removal of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) using toluene as growth substrate in a laboratory-scale soil slurry.

Combined removal of a BTEX, TCE, and cis-DCE mixture using Pseudomonas sp. immobilized on scrap tyres.

The simultaneous aerobic removal of a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o,m,p-xylene (BTEX); cis-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE); and trichloroethylene (TCE) from the artificially contaminated water using an indigenous bacterial isolate identified as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida immobilized on waste scrap tyres was investigated. Suspended and immobilized conditions were compared for the removal of these volatile organic compounds. For the immobilized system, toluene, benzene, and ethylbenzene were completely removed, while the highest removal efficiencies of 99.

Characterization of refractory matters in dyeing wastewater during a full-scale Fenton process following pure-oxygen activated sludge treatment.

Refractory pollutants in raw and treated dyeing wastewaters were characterized using fractional molecular weight cut-off, Ultraviolet-vis spectrophotometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS). Significant organics and color compounds remained after biological (pure-oxygen activated sludge) and chemical (Fenton) treatments at a dyeing wastewater treatment plant (flow rate ∼100,000m(3)/d). HPLC-ESI/MS analysis revealed that some organic compounds disappeared after the biological treatment but reappeared after the chemical oxidation process, and some of that were originally absent in the raw dyeing wastewater was formed after the biological or chemical treatment.

Removal of carbamazepine and naproxen by immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium under non-sterile condition.

This study explored the utilization of a white-rot fungus (WRF), Phanerochaete chrysosporium, immobilized in wood chips, to remove carbamazepine and naproxen under non-sterile condition. The removal efficiencies for both pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in artificially contaminated water were improved by 4% for naproxen and 30% for carbamazepine in seven days, compared to without wood chips. Although adsorption was crucial at the early stage, bioremoval was found to be the main removal mechanism for both PhACs.

Lipid production by a mixed culture of oleaginous yeast and microalga from distillery and domestic mixed wastewater.

Lipid productivity by mixed culture of Rhodosporidium toruloides and Chlorella pyrenoidosa was studied using 1:1 mixed real wastewater from distillery and local municipal wastewater treatment plant with initial soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) around 25,000 mg/L, initial cell density of 2×10(7) cells/mL (yeast) and 5×10(6) cells/mL (microalga), at 30 °C and 2.93 W/m2 (2000 lux, 12:12 h light and dark cycles). Lipid content and lipid yield achieved were 63.

Determination of dipyridamole in pharmaceutical preparations using square wave voltammetry.

An analytical methodology using square wave voltammetry (SWV) at a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) was developed for the quantitative determination of dipyridamole (DIP), a drug used for the treatment of several cardiovascular diseases, in pharmaceutical tablets and injections of Persantin in phosphate buffer (pH 3.0; 0.1M).