Exploring the relationship between anxiety, patient characteristics and pain outcomes in oral surgery under local anesthesia: The measurement problem.

Background: Anxiety during oral surgery can impact patient homeostasis, increase the difficulty of the procedure and create additional stress for the surgeon. Furthermore, it has been associated with more intense and prolonged pain during and after dental treatment.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between anxiety, patient characteristics and pain outcomes in oral surgery, as well as to verify the impact of anxiety on patient's perception of pain during and after oral surgery.

Plastic debris and natural food in two commercially important fish species from the coast of Peru.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of plastic debris in the stomach contents of two commercially important species Ethmidium maculatum and Mugil cephalus from Peru and relate their characteristics to their diet. The contents of 1820 stomachs were analyzed visually to detect the presence of plastics and prey. Of the analyzed samples, 0.

Plastic litter pollution along sandy beaches in the Caribbean and Pacific coast of Colombia.

Plastic pollution is a global problem that poses a threat to coastal and marine ecosystems and human livelihoods and requires effective solutions adaptable to local conditions. In Colombia, the knowledge about marine plastic pollution is still limited and the development of effective strategies for managing marine and coastal environments is crucial. Therefore, plastic pollution was assessed on 43 Colombian sandy beaches on the Caribbean and Pacific coasts.

Using stable isotopes to discriminate anthropogenic impacts of the sedimentary organic matter pollution in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (RJ, Brazil).

Over the last decades, the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (RFL), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has been impacted by the release of untreated domestic sewage, causing eutrophication processes with negative effects on its biota. Recently, the RFL underwent urban interventions to fulfill the demands of the 2016 Olympic Games, which included building the waist gallery and monitoring clandestine waste discharges into the underground drainage network. Organic-source tracing methods can be successfully used to characterize the organic matter transported from the urbanized areas to the RLF.

Diversity and bioprospecting of cultivable fungal assemblages in sediments of lakes in the Antarctic Peninsula.

We recovered 195 fungal isolates from the sediments of different lakes in the Antarctic Peninsula, which were screened to detect bioactive compounds. Forty-two taxa belonging to the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota were identified. Thelebolus globosus, Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus, Pseudogymnoascus verrucosus, Vishniacozyma victoriae, and Phenoliferia sp.

First evidence of microplastic pollution in the El Quetzalito sand beach of the Guatemalan Caribbean.

In Guatemala, assessment of the impacts of microplastic pollution in marine and coastal protected areas has not yet been carried out. Therefore, the main goal of this paper was to evaluate the abundance, composition, physical forms, and the possible sources of plastic debris in the El Quetzalito Beach. The area was intended for biodiversity conservation but has been excessively contaminated by plastic materials from land-based activities.

Dispersal of potentially pathogenic bacteria by plastic debris in Guanabara Bay, RJ, Brazil.

Analyses of thermotolerant coliform and heterotrophic bacteria as well as Escherichia coli and Vibrio species were carried out on plastic samples and in the surrounding waters of Guanabara Bay to evaluate plastic debris as vehicles of bacterial dispersal. Chemical characterizations of plastics were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Plastic debris with high coliform contents were found, while their respective water samples had only low titers.

First use of a compound-specific stable isotope (CSSI) technique to trace sediment transport in upland forest catchments of Chile.

Land degradation is a problem affecting the sustainability of commercial forest plantations. The identification of critical areas prone to erosion can assist this activity to better target soil conservation efforts. Here we present the first use of the carbon-13 signatures of fatty acids (C14 to C24) in soil samples for spatial and temporal tracing of sediment transport in river bodies of upland commercial forest catchments in Chile.

Analysis of the detection coefficient for the association between leprosy and pregnancy in the integration region of Carajás, State of Pará, Brazil.

Introduction: The association between leprosy and pregnancy is currently poorly understood and has been linked to serious clinical consequences.

Methods: A retrospective study between 2007 and 2009 was performed in the integration region of Carajás, Brazil on a population of pregnant lepers, with non-lepers of ages 12-49 years serving as the reference population.

Results: Twenty-nine pregnant lepers were studied during the study period.