Season changes in performance of upper limbs and trunk in para swimmers.

Objectives: To evaluate upper limb performance, trunk extensor endurance, and serratus anterior strength in para swimmers over a sports season.

Design: A cohort study conducted over eleven months.

Settings: Three assessments were performed at pre-season, mid-season, and post-season, evaluating the CKCUEST, Sorensen Test, and isometric strength of the serratus anterior.

Timed up and go and 30-S chair-stand tests applied via video call are reliable and provide results similar to face-to-face assessment of older adults with different musculoskeletal conditions.

Background: Remote assessments are promising for coping with adverse situations, such as those imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Measurement properties must be specific to the characteristics of the population and the context in which the instruments are used.

Purpose: s: 1) To evaluate the parallel reliability of the timed up and go (TUG) and 30-s chair-stand test (30CST) performed in-person and remotely and 2) to analyze the intra-rater, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability of these tests assessed remotely in older adults with different musculoskeletal conditions.

Myofascial force transmission between latissimus dorsi and contralateral gluteus maximus in runners: a cross-sectional study.

The anatomical connection between latissimus dorsi (LD), thoracolumbar fascia, and contralateral gluteus maximus (GM) enables myofascial force transmission (MFT) between the shoulder, trunk, and hip. This study investigates whether regular sports practice, specifically running, influences this MFT pathway. Given the potential changes in tissue stiffness from sports practice and the importance of this property for MFT, we hypothesize that runners may exhibit greater MFT between the LD and GM, resulting in altered passive properties of the lumbar and hip regions during LD contraction.

App-based telerehabilitation program for older adults on waiting list for physiotherapy after hospital discharge: a feasibility pragmatic randomized trial.

Background: Inactivity while waiting for outpatient physiotherapy worsens the physical deconditioning of older adults after hospital discharge. Exercise programs can minimize the progression of deconditioning. In developing countries, telerehabilitation for older adults on the waiting list is still in the early stages.

Reductions in rearfoot eversion posture due to proximal muscle strengthening are dependent on foot-ankle varus alignment.

Background: Strengthening the hip and trunk muscles may decrease foot pronation in upright standing due to expected increases in hip passive torque and lower-limb external rotation. However, considering the increased pronation caused by a more varus foot-ankle alignment, subjects with more varus may experience smaller or no postural changes after strengthening.

Objective: To investigate the effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on lower-limb posture during upright standing and hip passive torque of women with more and less varus alignment.

Prevalence and incidence of health problems and their characteristics in Brazilian para athletes: A one-season single-center prospective pilot study.

Background: Para athletes experience high prevalence and incidence of health problems related to sport. Despite this, there are few longitudinal studies.

Objective: To describe the characteristics, prevalence, incidence, and severity of health problems in para athletes from one of the Brazilian Paralympic Reference Centers during a sports season and to compare the prevalence of health problems between para athletics, para powerlifting, and para swimming.

Effects of Resistance Training of Upper Limb and Trunk Muscles on Soccer Instep Kick Kinematics.

The upper body and trunk muscles are crucial to perform soccer kicks. Resistance training targeting these muscles may modify the pattern adopted during kicking. This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training of the arm and anterior trunk muscles on instep kicking kinematics.

New Optimized Dynamic Calibration Proposition for Discretized Sensorized Insoles With Resistive Force Sensor: A Descriptive and Comparative Study.

Sensorized insoles (SIs) have been used as a wearable instrument to study human gait and have the potential to identify and predict pathologies and injuries. However, most of these sensorized insoles are only statically calibrated, relying on a scale and known weights to establish a relationship between electrical signals and the load applied on laboratory benches while ignoring the dynamic interaction between person and instrument. This study proposes and verifies a calibration method complementary to static calibration to compensate for different dynamic interactions between the insole and the individual during gait.

Knee Kinetics and Kinematics of Young Asymptomatic Participants during Single-Leg Weight-Bearing Tasks: Task and Sex Comparison of a Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to describe and compare kinetic and kinematic variables of the knee joint during stair descent, single-leg step down, and single-leg squat tasks. It also aimed to investigate potential sex difference during the tasks. Thirty young asymptomatic individuals (15 males, 15 females) were assessed during the performance of single-leg weight-bearing tasks.

Hip passive stiffness is associated with hip kinematics during single-leg squat.

Introduction: Single-leg squat (SLS) is a test commonly used to assess lower limb function in rehabilitation. Increased hip adduction and internal rotation (IR) is associated with dynamic knee valgus, which is related to hip and knee overload. Proximal and distal factors, such as hip passive stiffness, poor hip muscle strength and excessive foot misalignment may influence hip movement.

Validity and reliability of a smartphone application for knee posture quantification and the effects of external markers on the precision of this measure.

Background: Technological resources, such as smartphones can contribute to the quantitative assessment of posture.

Purposes: Test the validity and reliability of using a postural assessment application to quantify the frontal plane knee posture in orthostatism and to test the influence of the use of external markers on the precision of this measure.

Design: Methodological study.

The use of Horizon graphs to visualize bilateral biomechanical time-series of multiple joints.

Movement analysis provides a vast amount of data, which, frequently, are not used in the clinical decision-making process. For example, traditional gait data visualization is based on a time-based display of joint angles, but part of the information is lost when these time-series are averaged across different gait strides. Horizon graph is a data display method that increases the density of time-series data by horizontally dividing and layering multiple filled line graphs.

Telerehabilitation program for older adults on a waiting list for physical therapy after hospital discharge: study protocol for a pragmatic randomized trial protocol.

Background: Delays in starting physical therapy after hospital discharge worsen deconditioning in older adults. Intervening quickly can minimize the negative effects of deconditioning. Telerehabilitation is a strategy that increases access to rehabilitation, improves clinical outcomes, and reduces costs.

Asymmetric velocity profiles in Paralympic powerlifters performing at different exercise intensities are detected by functional data analysis.

Asymmetries compromise performance in powerlifting and Paralympic powerlifting, but its quantification can be complex. Previous studies consider average or peak values to quantify asymmetries, however this approach does not consider the pattern of movement like velocity profiles. Here we demonstrate that conducting a functional analysis of variance (FANOVA) permits to quantify asymmetries in bench press performance by Paralympic powerlifting at different submaximal intensities.

Foot pronation affects pelvic motion during the loading response phase of gait.

Background: Increased foot pronation during walking has been associated with low back pain. This association may be due to the impact of increased pronation on pelvic motion.

Objective: To investigate the effects of increased bilateral foot pronation on pelvic kinematic in frontal and transverse planes during the loading response phase of gait.

The trunk is exploited for energy transfers of maximal instep soccer kick: A power flow study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the angular kinetic energy transfers and expenditure among the trunk (bisegmented), the pelvis and the kick limb during maximal soccer instep kicking, and to characterize kicking kinetics and kinematics. Eighteen adult male amateur soccer players (24.0 ± 4.

Do older adults present altered pelvic and trunk movement pattern during gait? A systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE recommendations.

Background: Cognitive, sensory, and biomechanical factors may affect gait of older adults. Among biomechanical factors, reduced pelvis and trunk range of motion (ROM) were associated with slower gait speed, shorter step length, and increased susceptibility to fall in older adults.

Objective: To systematically review the studies that compared trunk and pelvic movement during gait among adults and older adults.

Hip passive stiffness is associated with midfoot passive stiffness.

Background: Hip motion in the transverse plane is coupled with foot motion in the frontal plane during closed kinematic activities, such as gait. Considering that movement patterns and bone alignment might influence passive mechanical properties of joints in the long term, it is possible that hip passive stiffness and foot complex stiffness and alignment are related to each other.

Objectives: To investigate whether hip passive stiffness, midfoot passive stiffness and shank-forefoot alignment are related to each other.

Prevalence and incidence of injuries in para athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE recommendations.

Objective: To investigate prevalence, incidence and profile of musculoskeletal injuries in para athletes.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, SPORTSDiscus, CINAHL and hand searching.

Effectiveness of exercises by telerehabilitation on pain, physical function and quality of life in people with physical disabilities: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials with GRADE recommendations.

Objective: Investigate whether exercise-based telerehabilitation improves pain, physical function and quality of life in adults with physical disabilities.

Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Data Sources: Searches were performed in AMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Embase, PEDro, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO.

Prediction equation of hip external rotators maximum torque in healthy adults and older adults using the measure of hip extensors maximum torque.

Background: The use of predictive equation of muscular torque can reduce physical effort and time spent during evaluation.

Objectives: To establish, validate, and test the accuracy of a prediction equation to estimate the hip external rotators (HER) torque in adults and older adults by means of hip extensors (HEX) torque measurement.

Methods: Eighty-three healthy adults (development set) were assessed to test the association of HEX and HER torques and to establish the prediction equation.

Current clinical practice and return-to-sport criteria after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a survey of Brazilian physical therapists.

Background: Adherence to the use of recommended measures/criteria for return to sport clearance after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is crucial for successful rehabilitation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the current clinical practice of Brazilian physical therapists that treat patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, including the measures/criteria used to support the decision-making process regarding return to sport. The secondary aim was to investigate factors associated with the use of the most recommended measures/criteria for return to sport.

Reliability and sensitivity of an instrument for measuring the midfoot passive mechanical properties.

To assess the test - retest reliability and sensitivity of an instrument developed to measure the passive mechanical properties of the midfoot joint complex (MFJC), nine female and three male healthy young adults were evaluated in two different days by two experienced examiners. After proper participant positioning on the instrument, the left forefoot was passively moved from eversion (20°) to inversion (45°) at 2°/s, while the rearfoot and shank were kept immobile. From the instrument's sensing units (torque meter and potentiometer at 100 Hz), passive torque and angle data were registered.