APOE ε4-associated downregulation of the IL-7/IL-7R pathway in effector memory T cells: Implications for Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele exerts a significant influence on peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Methods: The present study enrolled 54 patients diagnosed with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD; including 28 APOE ε4 carriers and 26 non-carriers). Plasma inflammatory cytokine concentration was assessed, alongside bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

A ResNet mini architecture for brain age prediction.

The brain presents age-related structural and functional changes in the human life, with different extends between subjects and groups. Brain age prediction can be used to evaluate the development and aging of human brain, as well as providing valuable information for neurodevelopment and disease diagnosis. Many contributions have been made for this purpose, resorting to different machine learning methods.

Adenoviral vector mediated ferritin over-expression in mesenchymal stem cells detected by 7T MRI in vitro.

Objective: The aim of the present work was to verify whether adenoviral vector mediated ferritin over-expression in mesenchymal stem cells could be detected by 7T MRI device, and to explore the relationship between ferritin content and MRI signal intensities.

Methods: A recombined adenoviral vector (rAdV) encoding ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) subunit was specially designed for the aim of infecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Ferritin over-expression in BMSCs was determined by cell immunocytochemistry and the ferritin content in cells was determined by ELISA assay.

Parameters of diffusional kurtosis imaging for the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction in different brain regions.

Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a new type diffusion-weighted sequence which measures the non-Gaussianity of water diffusion. The present study aimed to investigate whether the parameters of DKI could distinguish between differences in water molecule diffusion in various brain regions under the conditions of acute infarction and to identify the optimal DKI parameter for locating ischemic lesions in each brain region. A total of 28 patients with acute ischemic stroke in different brain regions were recruited for the present study.

Cervical spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord injured patient during electrical stimulation.

Purpose: To evaluate the spatial distribution and signal intensity changes following spinal cord activation in patients with spinal cord injury.

Methods: This study used spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on signal enhancement by extra-vascular water protons (SEEP) to assess elicited responses during subcutaneous electrical stimulation at the right elbow and right thumb in the cervical spinal cord.

Results: Seven healthy volunteers and seven patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) were included in this study.

Evaluation of mean diffusion and kurtosis MRI mismatch in subacute ischemic stroke: Comparison with NIHSS score.

Neurological deterioration (ND) is a devastating complication following ischemic stroke. This study aimed to identify the differences in lesion characteristics in subacute ischemic stroke patients with and without ND using diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI), as well as to confirm the responsible lesions that may lead to ND, as assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Seventy-nine patients with subacute cerebral infarction were allocated to the ND (-) and ND (+) groups according to the NIHSS score and lesion number.

7.0 T high-resolution 1H-MR spectroscopy of metabolic changes induced by chronic codeine phosphate in rat hippocampus.

Codeine phosphate is used widely to treat cough and pain. It is actually a sedative, but is known to cause codeine dependence. The exact mechanisms of codeine dependence are not fully understood, but are generally believed to be related to drug-induced neuroadaptation.

2D-1H proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study on brain metabolite alterations in patients with diabetic hypertension.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible metabolic alterations in the frontal cortex and parietal white matter in patients with diabetic hypertension (DHT) using proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging. A total of 33 DHT patients and 30 healthy control subjects aged between 45 and 75 were included in the present study. All subjects were right‑handed.

Anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellar hemisphere neurometabolite changes in depression treatment: A 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Aim: We utilized single-voxel 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine biochemical abnormalities related to major depressive disorder (MDD) in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and cerebellar hemisphere before and after antidepressant treatment.

Methods: Fifteen adult MDD patients and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were involved. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain was conducted in all subjects at the beginning of the study and the depressed subjects were reassessed after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment.

Different histological subtypes of parotid gland tumors: CT findings and diagnostic strategy.

Aim: To present computed tomography (CT) findings of different histological subtypes of parotid gland masses in detail and to establish diagnostic strategy.

Methods: From January 2009 to November 2011, 56 patients were collected through the histopathology and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems records, which revealed 5 basal cell adenoma (BCA), 16 pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 25 Warthin's tumor (War-T), 3 Kimura's disease (KD) and 7 parotid carcinoma (PCa) cases. All the CT images were retrospectively analyzed by two radiologists in consensus, based on their description of morphology (location, number, size, margin and fibrous capsule) and enhancement patterns of masses.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Cognitive Impairment With No Dementia.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and vascular cognitive impairment with no dementia (VCIND) are highly predictive of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. In this study, a 2-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed in 25 patients with aMCI, 28 patients with VCIND, and 32 normal controls (NCs). The concentrations of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myoinositol (MI), and creatine (Cr) were measured, and their ratios were calculated.

Quantification of choline concentration following liver cell apoptosis using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of quantifying liver choline concentrations in both normal and apoptotic rabbit livers in vivo, using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).

Methods: 1H-MRS was performed in 18 rabbits using a 1.5T GE MR system with an eight-channel head/neck receiving coil.

Quantitative multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy study of brain metabolites in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a pilot study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate brain metabolic changes in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) using multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MVS).

Methods: Fourteen aMCI patients and fifteen healthy control subjects participated in this experiment. All MR measurements were acquired using a 1.

A dynamic clonal selection immune clustering algorithm.

According to the basis of clonal selection immune algorithm and hierarchical clustering, a dynamic clonal selection immune clustering algorithm is presented, which no pre-knowledge is needed. The proposed algorithm bases on antibody affinity, to recognize antigen, restrain and merge antibody. By using aiNET immune network model, the algorithm mutates location of antibodies, in which the mutating rate is dynamically adjusted with inverse proportion to the number of immune evolution generations.

Change of choline compounds in sodium selenite-induced apoptosis of rats used as quantitative analysis by in vitro 9.4T MR spectroscopy.

Aim: To study liver cell apoptosis caused by the toxicity of selenium and observe the alteration of choline compounds using in vitro 9.4T high resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups.

SSFSE sequence functional MRI of the human cervical spinal cord with complex finger tapping.

Purpose: Functional MR imaging of the human cervical spinal cord was carried out on volunteers during alternated rest and a complex finger tapping task, in order to detect image intensity changes arising from neuronal activity.

Methods: Functional MR imaging data using single-shot fast spin-echo sequence (SSFSE) with echo time 42.4 ms on a 1.

Functional MR imaging of the cervical spinal cord by use of 20Hz functional electrical stimulation to median nerve.

Purpose: Functional MR imaging of the human cervical spinal cord was carried out on volunteers by 20Hz functional electrical stimulation to median nerve, in order to detect signal changes arising concomitant to neuronal activity.

Methods: Functional MR imaging data were acquired in six subjects with single-shot fast spin-echo sequence (SSFSE) on a 1.5T GE Clinical System.