[Impact Mechanisms of Carboxyl Group Modified Cathode on Acetate Production in Microbial Electrosynthesis Systems].

Microbial electrosynthesis systems (MESs) can convert carbon dioxide into added value compounds using microorganisms as catalyst, which is expected to help achieve conversion of greenhouse gases into resources. However, the synthetic efficiency of MESs is far behind the industry requirements. In this study, carbon cloth surfaces were bonded with carboxyl groups by electrochemical reduction of aryl diazonium salts and then used as a cathode in MESs reactors.

[Sulfate Reduction and Microbial Community of Autotrophic Biocathode in Response to Externally Applied Voltage].

The removal efficiencies of environmental pollutants in a microbial electrolysis system (MES) with a biocathode are highly affected by the externally applied voltage. Although the cathode biofilm plays a key role in the pollution removal, its response to the applied voltage is still unknown. A two-chambered MES with a biocathode was constructed to study the impact of the different applied voltages (0.

[Influence of substrate COD on methane production in single-chambered microbial electrolysis cell].

The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of substrate can affect the microbial activity of both anode and cathode biofilm in the single-chamber methanogenic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). In order to investigate the effect of COD on the performance of MEC, a single chamber MEC was constructed with biocathode. With the change of initial concentration of COD (700, 1 000 and 1 350 mg x L(-1)), the methane production rate, COD removal and energy efficiency in the MEC were examined under different applied voltages.

[Characterization of biocatalysed sulfate reduction in a cathode of microbial electrolysis system].

In order to improve H2 utilization efficiency and to reduce energy consumption during the hydrogenotrophic sulfate reduction process, a two-chambered microbial electrolysis system (MES) with a biocathode was constructed. The performance of MES in terms of sulfate removal and the electron utilization was studied. With an applied voltage of 0.

[Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the vertical distribution of denitrifying genes in river sediments].

To establish the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and various stages of denitrification under denitrifying conditions in sediments, we examined the impact of PAHs on the vertical distribution of special denitrifying genes. In March of 2011, sediment samples were collected from three representative locations along the Pearl River. The characteristics of vertical distribution of PAHs as well as denitrifying genes in the sediment samples were analyzed.

[Impact of microbial aggregating agents on soil aggregate stability under addition of exogenous nutrients].

In this study, we investigated the effects of biological aggregating agents (fungal hyphae and microbial extracellular polysaccharides) soil aggregate (with different sizes) stability under addition of exogenous nutrients. The exogenous nutrients included glucose and ammonium nitrate. Experiments were conducted in a 30 d incubation period with three treatments: (1) the control (0.

[Power generation from glucose and nitrobenzene degradation using the microbial fuel cell].

By constructing a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC), experiments were carried out using an initial glucose concentration of 1 000 mg/L with different nitrobenzene (NB) concentrations (0, 50, 150 and 250 mg/L) as the MFC's fuel. Results showed that with an external resistance of 1 000 omega, the initial glucose concentration of 1 000 mg/L and the initial NB concentrations of 0, 50, 150, 250 mg/L, the operation periods were 55.7, 51.

[Factors affecting the DAPI fluorescence direct count in the tidal river sediment].

The factors affecting the DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylidole) fluorescence direct count in the tidal river sediment were examined. Sediment samples were collected from the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River. Besides sediment texture and organic matter, an improved staining procedure and the involved parameters were analyzed.

[Electricity generation and quinoline degradation of pure strains and mixed strains in the microbial fuel cell].

Microbial flora composition of microbial fuel cells (MFC) is important to the electricity generation. Four bacterium strains Q1, b, c and d which represent all different morphology of culturable bacterium were isolated from a MFC using 200 mg x L(-1) quinoline as the fuel and operating for at least 210 days. Strains Q1, c and d were Pseudomonas sp.

[Biosorption of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) in aqueous solutions by fruiting bodies of macrofungi (Auricularia polytricha and Tremella fuciformis)].

Batch experiments were conducted to study the ability of fruiting bodies of Auricularia polytricha and Tremella fuciformis to adsorb Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions, including biosorption ability of the biomass to remove heavy metals from solutions with different concentrations, kinetics of adsorption, influence of co-cations, and biosorption affinity in multi-metalsystem. Results showed that in the solutions with individual metal, the maximum biosorption amounts of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) by A. polytricha were 18.

[Power generation from pyridine and glucose using microbial fuel cell].

Different organics have different effects on the power generation of microbial fuel cell. A packing-type MFC was constructed to investigate organic matter degradation and power generation. Experiments were conducted using an initial pyridine concentration of 500 mg/L with different glucose concentrations (500, 250, and 100 mg/L) as the MFC fuel.

[Isolation and characterization of electrochemical active bacterial Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RE7].

Microbial components of the microbial fuel cells (MFCs), including species constitution and metabolic mechanism of the anodic microorganisms, are critical to the optimization of electricity generation. An electrogenesis baterium strain (designated as RE7) was isolated from an MFC that had been running in a fed batch mode for over one year. The isolate was identified as a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on its physiological, morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.

[Comparison of power generation in microbial fuel cells of two different structures].

Low electricity productivity and high cost are two problems facing the development of microbial fuel cell (MFC). Comparative studies on electricity generation in MFCs of different designs while under the same conditions are important in enhancing the power output. Single-chamber MFC and dual-chamber MFC were constructed and acetate was used as the fuel.