Edge Computing for AI-Based Brain MRI Applications: A Critical Evaluation of Real-Time Classification and Segmentation.

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnostic medicine with technologies like Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and ultrasound scans being widely used to assist radiologists and medical experts in reaching concrete diagnosis. Given the recent massive uplift in the storage and processing capabilities of computers, and the publicly available big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has also started contributing to improving diagnostic radiology. Edge computing devices and handheld gadgets can serve as useful tools to process medical data in remote areas with limited network and computational resources.

Multi-actor system dynamics in access to disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis in Southeast Asia: A regional survey and suggestions for improvement.

Background: Despite the global availability of multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments, accessing and financing them in Southeast Asia (SEA) remains a challenge. This descriptive survey-based study aimed to describe the current state of MS treatment access and local access dynamics within this region.

Methods: The survey questionnaire, comprising of 15 closed-ended and five open-ended questions, was developed by three neurologists with expertise in MS and routine MS patient management, or had training in neuroimmunology.

Brain waves spectral analysis of human responses to odorous and non-odorous substances: a preliminary study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the potential electrophysiological biomarkers of human responses by comparing the electroencephalogram brain wave changes towards lavender versus normal saline in a healthy human population.

Method: This study included a total of 44 participants without subjective olfactory disturbances. Lavender and normal saline were used as the olfactory stimulant and control.

Assessment of a 16-Channel Ambulatory Dry Electrode EEG for Remote Monitoring.

Ambulatory EEGs began emerging in the healthcare industry over the years, setting a new norm for long-term monitoring services. The present devices in the market are neither meant for remote monitoring due to their technical complexity nor for meeting clinical setting needs in epilepsy patient monitoring. In this paper, we propose an ambulatory EEG device, OptiEEG, that has low setup complexity, for the remote EEG monitoring of epilepsy patients.

Facilities, selection, outcome measurement, and limitations of therapeutic plasma exchange for neuroimmunological disorders: The South East Asian survey study.

Introduction: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for neuroimmunological disorders has played an important role in the Southeast Asian region. This study investigates the challenges of performing TPE within the region.

Method: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted and launched to 15 South East Asian Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Consortium (SEATPEC) members from seven countries in January 2021.

Neurological manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single-center cross-sectional study in Malaysia.

Background: Neurological involvement associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported from different regions of the world. However, data from South East Asia are scarce. We described the neurological manifestations and their associated factors among the hospitalized COVID-19 patients from an academic tertiary hospital in Malaysia.

Sixteen-Syndrome in a Young Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Sixteen syndrome is rare variant of one and a half syndrome resulting from lesion affecting bilateral dorsal pontine structures. This report describes a case of 16 syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 28 year old woman with underlying lupus was presented with sudden left side body weakness and diplopia.

A Classification Model of EEG Signals Based on RNN-LSTM for Diagnosing Focal and Generalized Epilepsy.

Unlabelled: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by abnormal neuronal activity that is diagnosed visually by analyzing electroencephalography (EEG) signals.

Background: Surgical operations are the only option for epilepsy treatment when patients are refractory to treatment, which highlights the role of classifying focal and generalized epilepsy syndrome. Therefore, developing a model to be used for diagnosing focal and generalized epilepsy automatically is important.

Movement Disorders Resulting From Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions in End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The basal ganglia (BG) are susceptible to fluctuations in blood urea levels, sometimes resulting in movement disorders. We described patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) presenting with movement disorders associated with bilateral BG lesions on imaging.

Methods: We report four patients and systematically reviewed all published cases of ESKD presenting with movement disorders and bilateral BG lesions (EBSCOhost and Ovid).

Labrune's Syndrome Presenting With Stereotypy-Like Movements and Psychosis: A Case Report and Review.

Labrune's syndrome, or leukoencephalopathy with brain calcifications and cysts (LCC), is a rare genetic syndrome with variable neurological presentations. Psychiatric manifestations and involuntary movements are uncommonly reported. We report the case of a 19-year-old female, initially diagnosed with Fahr's syndrome, who presented to us with acute psychosis, abnormal behavior and involuntary movements.

Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis in Highly Active Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Transverse myelitis in multiple sclerosis is typically a short cord lesion with patchy distribution. Rarely, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis can be seen in those with highly active disease or frequent relapses. The recognition of this uncommon phenotype in multiple sclerosis is important as the treatment is largely different from other demyelinating diseases.

Impact of Covid-19 on the therapeutic plasma exchange service within the South East Asian region: Consensus recommendations and global perspectives.

Introduction: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for neuroimmunological disorders has played an increasingly important role within the Southeast Asian (SEA) region. The South East Asian Therapeutic Plasma exchange Consortium (SEATPEC) was formed in 2018 to promote education and research on TPE within the region. The advent of the Covid-19 pandemic has produced challenges for the development and expansion of this service.

Quantitative laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) in unilateral vocal fold paralysis: Developing normative values using the opposite normal mobile vocal fold.

Objective: Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is used to confirm neuropathy; traditionally, it is evaluated qualitatively. This study aimed to develop normative values for the thyroarytenoid-lateral cricoarytenoid (TA-LCA) muscle complex by determining the mean turns (MT) and mean amplitudes (MA) using the opposite normal mobile vocal fold in unilateral vocal fold paralysis (VFP). This study also compared the MT and MA of the paralyzed vocal fold with that of the normal side and analyzed their correlations.

Primary Nonselective Laryngeal Reinnervation in Iatrogenic Acute Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury: Case Series and Literature Review.

Treating an acutely injured recurrent laryngeal nerve by primary nonselective laryngeal reinnervation (LR) during thyroidectomy is encouraged to minimize postoperative morbidity. Performing a concurrent transoral temporary injection laryngoplasty (IL) may improve the patient's voice while waiting for the effect of successful reinnervation. Chronological multidimensional voice outcomes (qualitative and quantitative) and combination of the primary nonselective LR with concurrent transoral IL were not explicitly demonstrated in previous cases that published the literature.

Cubitus Valgus with Tardy Ulnar Nerve Palsy - Is Anterior Transposition of the Ulnar Nerve Always Necessary? A Case Report.

Tardy ulnar nerve palsy is a known complication of cubitus valgus. The options for treating the ulnar neuropathy include anterior nerve transposition or neurolysis. We report on an 11-year-old boy who had a tardy ulnar nerve palsy due to cubitus valgus resulting from a non-union of a lateral condyle fracture of the humerus.

Concurrent stroke and ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Is it a contraindication for intravenous tenecteplase?

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are leading causes of mortality worldwide. Concurrent AIS presentation with STEMI is rare and potentially fatal. Most importantly to date many centres in Malaysia are still not aware on how to treat this condition.

First Reported Case of Neuroleptospirosis Complicated With Anton's Syndrome.

Leptospirosis is a spirochetal zoonotic disease with a wide clinical spectrum, often underdiagnosed especially when presented as an acute neurological manifestation. We report a case of a 24-year-old man with serologically positive leptospirosis, who presented with altered sensorium, seizures and subsequently developed cortical blindness. His brain MRI revealed bilateral occipital and later parietal lobe cerebritis.

A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) presenting with acute urinary retention and T6 sensory level.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated demyelinating disease. Early recognition of this disease is crucial as it can progress to life-threatening conditions such as respiratory failure or autonomic dysfunction. Typical clinical manifestations of GBS include progressive weakness of the limbs, bulbar, facial muscles and ophthalmoplegia.

POEMS syndrome.

POEMS syndrome is the syndrome of Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal protein and typical Skin changes. A 65-year-old lady presented with the 2-day-history of inability to walk, 4-month-history of progressive worsening of muscle weakness of both lower limbs and 1-year-history of progressive worsening of bilateral numbness of lower limbs. Nerve conduction study revealed generalized sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuropathy.