Background: Fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment are prevalent and clinically important problems among head and neck cancer patients. Our study aim was to determine the most important correlates of these problems among patients with head and neck cancer.
Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was completed by 58 (response rate 79%) patients with head and neck cancer in an academic oncology clinic.
Background And Purpose: To our knowledge, no published studies have examined whole-brain regional differences to identify more discrete volumetric changes in the brains of childhood leukemia survivors. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to examine regional gray and white matter differences in a group of long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) compared with a group of healthy controls. Differences in regional white matter volume were expected, given previous reports of white matter changes during treatment for ALL and reduced brain white matter volumes in long-term survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This investigation examines the association of personality factors and medication adherence among older adults.
Method: The Six-Factor Personality Questionnaire was mailed to participants involved in a medication adherence investigation. Medication adherence was monitored with an electronic monitoring cap for 8 weeks for one prescribed daily medication.
The present study used quantitative volume estimates of the hippocampus based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict memory performance of individuals with epilepsy of temporal lobe origin (TLE). Twenty individuals with TLE completed standardized neuropsychological tests and a quality of life inventory, and participated in a brain MRI protocol designed to obtain high-resolution images of the hippocampus. The combined volume of the left and right hippocampi was found to be the best predictor of objective verbal memory performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychogenic fugue is a disorder of memory that occurs following emotional or psychological trauma and results in a loss of one's personal past including personal identity. This paper reports a case of psychogenic fugue in which the individual lost access not only to his autobiographical memories but also to his native German language. A series of experiments compared his performance on a variety of memory and language tests to several groups of control participants including German-English bilinguals who performed the tasks normally or simulated amnesia for the German language.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To test the hypothesis that fear recognition deficits in neurologic patients reflect damage to an emotion-specific neural network.
Background: Previous studies have suggested that the perception of fear in facial expressions is mediated by a specialized neural system that includes the amygdala and certain posterior right-hemisphere cortical regions. However, the neuropsychological findings in patients with amygdala damage are inconclusive, and the contribution of distinct cortical regions to fear perception has only been examined in one study.
Priming for line drawings of real and nonreal objects was examined in an object decision task for 16 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 16 normal elderly control (NC) participants. In two study phases, participants decided if objects were real or nonreal. In an implicit test phase, real/nonreal decisions were made for studied and unstudied objects, and priming was measured as the difference in decision speed or accuracy between studied and unstudied objects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPicture-naming priming was examined across different study-test transformations to explore the nature of memory representations of objects supporting implicit memory processes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although severely impaired in explicit memory for pictures and words, AD patients demonstrated normal priming across perceptual transformations in picture orientation (Experiment 1) and picture size (Experiment 2) and across symbolic transformations from words to pictures (Experiment 3). In addition, the priming across alterations in picture size was invariant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective of this study was to contrast overt verbal versus covert autonomic responses to facial stimuli in a patient with false recognition following frontal lobe damage.
Background: False recognition has been linked to frontal lobe dysfunction. However, previous studies have relied exclusively on overt measures of memory and have not examined whether or not patients with false recognition continue to demonstrate preserved covert discrimination of familiar and unfamiliar items.
The contributions of text meaning, new between-word associations, and single-word repetition to priming in text rereading in younger and older adults, and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. (AD), were assessed in Experiment 1. Explicit recognition memory for text was also assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examined whether the frequently reported word-stem completion priming deficit of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients could be characterized as either a semantic encoding deficit or a conceptual priming deficit. AD patients and normal elderly control subjects studied words in two conditions: (1) reading visually presented words aloud, which maximizes perceptual encoding of seen words, and (2) generating words aloud from definitions, which maximizes conceptual encoding of words not seen but retrieved on the basis of semantic context. Recognition accuracy was greater for words that were generated at study, and word-stem completion priming was greater for words that were read at study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ability of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) to acquire and retain text-specific knowledge was investigated in a re-reading study. Patients and normal control Ss read 2 passages 3 times, each as quickly as possible, and answered recognition memory questions after the 3rd reading of each passage. The AD patients had poor explicit memory as evidenced by impaired recognition memory for the passages.
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