Publications by authors named "Remigio A Roque"

Background: Transgender and gender-diverse individuals experience higher burdens of health disparities compared to their cisgender counterparts. Contributing factors include decreased access and denial of care, experiences and fear of medical violence, and increasing legislative barriers. These patients often report having to educate healthcare professionals due to lack of expertise of transgender and gender-diverse issues within the medical community, with training deficits observed at all levels of medical training.

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Background: COVID-19 forced healthcare systems to make unprecedented changes in clinical care processes. The authors hypothesized that the COVID-19 pandemic adversely impacted timely access to care, perioperative processes, and clinical outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing primary appendectomy.

Methods: A retrospective, international, multicenter study was conducted using matched cohorts within participating centers of the international PEdiatric Anesthesia COVID-19 Collaborative (PEACOC).

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Transgender describes a variety of identities in which an individual's gender identity is different from expected based on the sex assigned at birth. In the United States, it is estimated that over 1 million adults and 150 000 youth identify as transgender, with increasing numbers being seen in healthcare and surgical settings. These numbers will continue to rise as visibility and acceptance grow.

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Article Synopsis
  • START domains are lipid-binding motifs found in both mammalian and plant proteins, specifically within HD-Zip transcription factors in plants that regulate cell differentiation.
  • Research using Arabidopsis and yeast showed that removing the START domain from the GL2 transcription factor leads to a complete loss of function, while mammalian START domains can replace it and enhance transcription factor activity.
  • Mutations in the START domain impact its ligand-binding ability and transcription factor functions, indicating that these domains play a critical role in both lipid interaction and transcription regulation across species.
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Increased sensitivity in the characterization of cartilage matrix status by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, through the identification of surrogate markers for tissue quality, would be of great use in the noninvasive evaluation of engineered cartilage. Recent advances in MR evaluation of cartilage include multiexponential and multiparametric analysis, which we now extend to engineered cartilage. We studied constructs which developed from chondrocytes seeded in collagen hydrogels.

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The noninvasive early detection of specific matrix alterations in degenerative cartilage disease would be of substantial use in basic science studies and clinically, but remains an elusive goal. Recently developed MRI methods exhibit some specificity, but require contrast agents or nonstandard pulse sequences and hardware. We present a multiexponential approach which does not require contrast agents or specialized hardware, and uses a standard multiple-echo spin-echo sequence.

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Association of MR parameters with cartilage matrix components remains an area of ongoing investigation. Multiexponential analysis of nonlocalized transverse relaxation data has previously been used to quantify water compartments associated with matrix macromolecules in cartilage. We extend this to mapping the proteoglycan (PG)-bound water fraction in cartilage, using mature and young bovine nasal cartilage model systems, toward the goal of matrix component-specific imaging.

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