Rib-sparing subclavian vein decompression in venous thoracic outlet syndrome.

Objective: Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS), a compression syndrome of the subclavian vein at the costoclavicular junction, is commonly treated with first rib resection. This invasive procedure carries a risk of serious complications. The purpose of this single-center cross-sectional study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of non-bony decompression by resection of the subclavius muscle and tendon and to provide a detailed description of the procedure.

Overexpression of Igf2-derived Mir483 inhibits Igf1 expression and leads to developmental growth restriction and metabolic dysfunction in mice.

Mir483 is a conserved and highly expressed microRNA in placental mammals, embedded within the Igf2 gene. Its expression is dysregulated in a number of human diseases, including metabolic disorders and certain cancers. Here, we investigate the developmental regulation and function of Mir483 in vivo.

"Back Health 24/7/365"-A Novel, Comprehensive "One Size Fits All" Workplace Health Promotion Intervention for Occupational Back Health among Hospital Employees.

Background: Projects for workplace health promotion (WHP) for back pain traditionally focus exclusively on work-related but not on leisure-time stress on the spine. We developed a comprehensive WHP project on the back health of hospital workers regardless of the physical characteristics of their work and compared its effects on sedentary and physically active hospital workers.

Methods: Study assessments were carried out before and six months after participation in the WHP intervention.

Characterization, number, and spatial organization of nerve fibers in the human cervical vagus nerve and its superior cardiac branch.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (VN) is a therapy for epilepsy, obesity, depression, and heart diseases. However, whole nerve stimulation leads to side effects. We examined the neuroanatomy of the mid-cervical segment of the human VN and its superior cardiac branch to gain insight into the side effects of VN stimulation and aid in developing targeted stimulation strategies.

Arterio-venous Anastomoses of the Sucquet-Hoyer Type: Complexity and Distribution in the Human Dermis.

Our study aims at providing detailed information on numbers, form, and spatial distribution of arterio-venous anastomoses of the Sucquet-Hoyer type in the dermis of the nail bed, nail fold corner, thumb pad, arm, nose, glabella, lip, and ear. It further aims at providing a system, which relies on objective morphologic criteria for classifying Sucquet-Hoyer canals (SHCs). Using high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM), digital volume data of eight samples of each skin region were produced.

Preoperative assessment of depressor anguli oris to prevent myectomy failure: An anatomical study using high-resolution ultrasound.

Background: Myectomies of the lower lip depressor muscles have unexplained high failure rates. This study aimed to examine the depressor anguli oris (DAO) muscle using high-resolution ultrasound to identify potential anatomical explanations for surgical failures and to determine the accuracy of utilizing preoperative ultrasound assessment to improve myectomies.

Methods: Anatomical features of DAO and the surrounding anatomy were examined in 38 hemifaces of human body donors using high-resolution ultrasound and dissection.

Pre-clinical evaluation of APrevent® VOIS for unilateral vocal fold paralysis medialization.

Objective: To evaluate the concept and efficacy of an adjustable implant (Prototype SH30: porcine implant and APrevent® VOIS: human concept) for treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) via in vivo mini-pig studies, human computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) image analysis, ex-vivo aerodynamic and acoustic analysis.

Methods: Feasibility testing and prototype implantation were performed using in-vivo UVFP porcine model ( = 8), followed by a dimensional finding study using CT and MR scans of larynges ( = 75) for modification of the implant prototypes. Acoustic and aerodynamic measurements were recorded on excised canine ( = 7) larynges with simulated UVFP before and after medialization with VOIS-Implant.

Ultrasound-Guided Injections for Treatment of Facial Paralysis Sequelae: A Randomized Study on Body Donors.

Background: Botulinum toxin injection is the accepted standard treatment for synkinesis and gustatory hyperlacrimation in patients with facial paralysis. However, poor injection accuracy can result in inconsistent treatment outcomes, variable treatment durations, and complications. Ultrasound guidance should increase injection accuracy in the facial region; however, this has not been proven.

Tuning SERS Signal via Substrate Structuring: Valves of Different Diatom Species with Ultrathin Gold Coating.

The discovered light modulation capabilities of diatom silicious valves make them an excellent toolkit for photonic devices and applications. In this work, a reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement was achieved with hybrid substrates employing diatom silica valves coated with an ultrathin uniform gold film. Three structurally different hybrid substrates, based on the valves of three dissimilar diatom species, have been compared to elucidate the structural contribution to SERS enhancement.

Surgical Anatomy of Temporalis Muscle Transfer with Fascia Lata Augmentation for the Reanimation of the Paralyzed Face: A Cadaveric Study.

 The temporalis muscle flap transfer with fascia lata augmentation (FLA) is a promising method for smile reconstruction after facial palsy. International literature lacks a detailed anatomical analysis of the temporalis muscle (TPM) combined with fascia lata (FL) augmentation. This study aims to describe the muscle's properties and calculate the length of FL needed to perform the temporalis muscle flap transfer with FLA.

Numerical Analysis of the Light Modulation by the Frustule of : The Role of Integrated Optical Components.

Siliceous diatom frustules present a huge variety of shapes and nanometric pore patterns. A better understanding of the light modulation by these frustules is required to determine whether or not they might have photobiological roles besides their possible utilization as building blocks in photonic applications. In this study, we propose a novel approach for analyzing the near-field light modulation by small pennate diatom frustules, utilizing the frustule of as a model.

Selective ansa cervicalis nerve transfer to the marginal mandibular nerve for lower lip reanimation: An anatomical study in cadavers and a case report.

Background: Donor nerve options for lower lip reanimation are limited in patients undergoing oncological resection of the facial nerve. The ansa cervicalis nerve (ACN) is an advantageously situated donor with great potential but has not been examined in detail. In the current study, the anatomical technical feasibility of selective ACN to marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) transfer for restoration of lower lip tone and symmetry was explored.

Detailed characterizations of cranial nerve anatomy in E14.5 mouse embryos/fetuses and their use as reference for diagnosing subtle, but potentially lethal malformations in mutants.

Careful phenotype analysis of genetically altered mouse embryos/fetuses is vital for deciphering the function of pre- and perinatally lethal genes. Usually this involves comparing the anatomy of mutants with that of wild types of identical developmental stages. Detailed three dimensional information on regular cranial nerve (CN) anatomy of prenatal mice is very scarce.

Spinal cord from body donors is suitable for multicolor immunofluorescence.

Immunohistochemistry is a powerful tool for studying neuronal tissue from humans at the molecular level. Obtaining fresh neuronal tissue from human organ donors is difficult and sometimes impossible. In anatomical body donations, neuronal tissue is dedicated to research purposes and because of its easier availability, it may be an alternative source for research.

Accuracy of MRI-CT registration in brain stereotactic radiotherapy: Impact of MRI acquisition setup and registration method.

Background: In MR-based radiotherapy (RT), MRI images are co-registered to the planning CT to leverage MR image information for RT planning. Especially in brain stereotactic RT, where typical CTV-PTV margins are 1-2 mm, high registration accuracy is critical. Several factors influence the registration accuracy, including the acquisition setup during MR simulation and the registration methods.

Comparison of surgical techniques for optimal lead placement in sacral neuromodulation: a cadaver study.

Background: Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a common treatment for patients with urinary and faecal incontinence. A close contact of the tined lead electrode with the targeted nerve is likely to improve functional outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the position of the SNM lead in relation to the sacral nerve by comparing different implantation techniques.

Ultrasound for the detection of the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland.

Purpose: The pyramidal lobe (PL) is an ancillary lobe of the thyroid gland that can be affected by the same pathologies as the rest of the gland. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of high-resolution sonography in the detection of the PL with verification by dissection and histological examination.

Methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional mono-center study, 50 fresh, non-embalmed cadavers were included.

Laparoscopic Sacral Mesh Fixation for Ventral Rectopexy: Clinical Implications From a Cadaver Study.

Background: Correct tack placement at the sacral promontory for mesh fixation in ventral mesh rectopexy is crucial to avoid bleeding, nerve dysfunction, and spondylodiscitis.

Objective: The present cadaver study was designed to assess the true location of tacks after mesh fixation during laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy in relation to vascular and nerve structures and bony landmarks.

Design: This was an interventional cadaver study.

Artefacts in Volume Data Generated with High Resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM).

High resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) produces digital volume data by physically sectioning histologically processed specimens, while capturing images of the subsequently exposed block faces. Our study aims to systematically define the spectrum of typical artefacts inherent to HREM data and to research their effect on the interpretation of the phenotype of wildtype and mutant mouse embryos. A total of 607 (198 wildtypes, 409 mutants) HREM data sets of mouse embryos harvested at embryonic day (E) 14.

Angiosomes of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow: A Cadaver Trial Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.

Three major arteries supplying the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel are commonly known. However, their vascular territories (angiosomes) have not been described yet. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to identify the angiosomes of posterior ulnar recurrent artery, inferior ulnar collateral artery and superior ulnar collateral artery in 20 fresh, non-frozen human body donors.

Effects and risks of performing a single incision endoscopic plantar fasciotomy - An anatomical study.

Background: Chronic plantar fasciitis with insufficient improvement after conservative treatment can be addressed by surgery. Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy using a single incision technique is an innovative treatment strategy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and potential risks of damaging anatomical structures when performing this technique.

Cubital tunnel perfusion in different postures-An anatomical investigation.

Introduction/aims: For cubital tunnel syndrome, the avoidance of predisposing arm positions and the use of elbow splints are common conservative treatment options. The rationale is to prevent excessive stretching and compression of the nerve in the cubital tunnel, as this mechanical stress impedes intraneural perfusion. Data regarding those upper extremity postures to avoid, or whether elbow flexion alone is detrimental, are inconsistent.

The venous system of E14.5 mouse embryos-reference data and examples for diagnosing malformations in embryos with gene deletions.

Approximately one-third of randomly produced knockout mouse lines produce homozygous offspring, which fail to survive the perinatal period. The majority of these die around or after embryonic day (E)14.5, presumably from cardiovascular insufficiency.

Performing nasopharyngeal swabs-Guidelines based on an anatomical study.

Nasopharyngeal swabs are performed to collect material for diagnosing diseases affecting the respiratory system, such as Covid-19. Yet, no systematic anatomical study defines concrete prerequisites for successfully targeting the nasopharyngeal mucosa. We therefore aim at simulating nasopharyngeal swabs in human body donors to characterize parameters allowing and supporting to enter the nasopharynx with a swab, while avoiding endangering the cribriform plate.

No functional TRPA1 in cardiomyocytes.

Aim: There is mounting evidence that TRPA1 has a role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. We aim to clarify the site of TRPA1 expression in the heart and in particular whether the channel is expressed in cardiomyocytes.

Methods: Due to the high calcium conductance of TRPA1, and marginal calcium changes being detectable, microfluorimetry in primary mouse cardiomyocytes, and in the cardiomyocyte cell lines H9c2 and HL-1, was applied.