Protocol to isolate and analyze mouse bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC).

Different types of immune cells are involved in atherogenesis and may act atheroprotective or atheroprogressive. Here, we describe an in vitro approach to analyze CD11c cells and CD11c-derived ApoE in atherosclerosis. The major steps include harvesting mouse bone marrow, plating cells in culture dishes, treating them with differentiation factors, and collecting cells after removal of undesirable populations.

Protocol to visualize CD11c cells in atherosclerosis using LacZ reporter mice.

Here, we describe an approach to visualize CD11c cells in atherosclerosis. In particular, we use a protocol for X-Gal staining of immune cells within atherosclerotic plaques, which can be used as an alternative to analyze plaque composition and cell-specific molecules in atherogenesis. LacZ knockin mice have to be bred to mice carrying the CD11c recombinase-both brought onto an ApoE background-to be able to visualize this cell type of interest in the plaques by X-Gal staining.

Apolipoprotein E derived from CD11c cells ameliorates atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is studied in models with dysfunctional lipid homeostasis-predominantly the ApoE mouse. The role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for lipid homeostasis is not clear. Using a LacZ reporter mouse, we showed that CD11c cells were enriched in aortae of ApoE mice.

Conventional echocardiographic parameters or three-dimensional echocardiography to evaluate right ventricular function in percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (PMVR).

Introduction: In this study, we evaluated right ventricular (RV) function before and after percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) using conventional echocardiographic parameters and novel 3DE data sets acquired prior to and directly after the procedure.

Patients And Methods: Observational study on 45 patients undergoing PMVR at an university hospital.

Results: In the overall collective, the 3D RV-EF before and after PMVR showed no significant change (p = 0.

Functional Relevance of the Anaphylatoxin Receptor C3aR for Platelet Function and Arterial Thrombus Formation Marks an Intersection Point Between Innate Immunity and Thrombosis.

Background: Platelets have distinct roles in the vascular system in that they are the major mediator of thrombosis, critical for restoration of tissue integrity, and players in vascular inflammatory conditions. In close spatiotemporal proximity, the complement system acts as the first line of defense against invading microorganisms and is a key mediator of inflammation. Whereas the fluid phase cross-talk between the complement and coagulation systems is well appreciated, the understanding of the pathophysiological implications of such interactions is still scant.

Very late stent thrombosis 5 years after IVUS-guided drug-eluting stent implantation.

It is well accepted that drug-eluting stents (DES) are effective in reducing restenosis, although implantation of DES may result in increased occurrence of stent thrombosis. The study describes the case of a patient with very late stent thrombosis (VLST) despite intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) control after implantation of a paclitaxel-eluting stent, an adequate response to antiplatelet therapy, and the lack of distinct risk factors for VLST. Stent thrombosis remains a serious complication after stent implantation even after prolonged time, and studies are urgently needed to optimize diagnosis and treatment of VLST.