The effects of APOEe4 allele on cerebral structure, function, and related interactions with cognition in young adults.

In the last decade, extensive research has emerged into understanding the impact of risk factors for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) on brain in pre-symptomatic stages. We investigated the neuroimaging correlates of the APOEe4 genetic risk factor for AD in young adulthood, its relationship with cognition, and potential effects of other variables on the findings. While conventional volumetric analyses revealed no consistent differences, more sophisticated analyses identified subtle structural differences between APOEe4 carriers and non-carriers.

Adverse Events Associated with Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy for Periprosthetic Joint Infections-A Prospective Study with a Special Focus on Rifampin.

Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is a significant contributor to patient morbidity and mortality, and it can be addressed through a range of surgical interventions coupled with antibiotic therapies. Following surgical intervention(s), prolonged administration of oral antibiotics is recommended to cure PJI. There is a lack of reports on the adverse events (AEs) associated with oral antibiotics, particularly rifampin.

Transplantation of hearts from SARS-CoV-2 positive donors.

Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 remains high in the population. Consequently, an increasing percentage of reported organ donors are also SARS-CoV-2 positive. Although donors may not have experienced COVID-19-related symptoms, there is a chance of unnoticed cardiovascular effects associated with this disease.

Social network interventions in the space of topological relationships between communities.

A social network intervention is a process of intentionally altering a social network to achieve an objective. The objective in question may concern accelerating behaviour change or improving organisational performance. In this work we propose a novel model of social network interventions which considers topological properties of relationships existing between communities.

Evaluation of Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis with Final Histopathology Results for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Z0011 Criteria Eligible Versus Ineligible Breast Cancer Patients.

Intraoperative frozen section analysis (FSA) of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) declined in the post American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 (ACOSOG Z0011) trial era. However, for those patients who do not meet the ACOSOG Z0011 criteria, FSA continues to be a valuable tool in intraoperative decision-making for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). The aim of this study was therefore to retrospectively evaluate the benefit and accuracy of FSA of Z0011 criteria eligible versus ineligible patients and identify possible predictive factors for false negative results.

Malignancy Rate and Malignancy Risk Assessment in Different Lesions of Uncertain Malignant Potential in the Breast (B3 Lesions): An Analysis of 192 Cases from a Single Institution.

Background: The question of how to deal with B3 lesions is of emerging interest.

Methods: In the breast diagnostics of 192 patients between 2009 and 2016, a minimally invasive biopsy revealed a B3 lesion with subsequent resection. This study investigates the malignancy rate of different B3 subgroups and the risk factors that play a role in obtaining a malignant finding.

Treatment of donor-specific antibody-mediated rejection after heart transplantation by IgM-enriched human immunoglobulin.

Antibody-mediated graft rejection caused by donor-specific antibodies (DSA-MR) remains a serious problem after heart transplantation (HTx). IgM-enriched human intravenous immunoglobulin (IGM-IVIG) consists of 76% IgG, 12% IgM, and 12% IgA and provides a new multifactorial approach for DSA-MR. Between 2017 and 2020, four (P1-4) of 102 patients developed DSA-MR after HTx in our department and were repetitively treated with IGM-IVIG in combination with anti-thymocyte globulin.

Determination of the androgen receptor status of circulating tumour cells in metastatic breast cancer patients.

Background: The prognostic relevance of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients has been confirmed by several clinical trials. However, predictive blood-based biomarkers for stratification of patients for targeted therapy are still lacking. The DETECT studies explore the utility of CTC phenotype for treatment decisions in patients with HER2 negative MBC.

Clinical features and cancer risk in families with pathogenic variants irrespective of clinical criteria.

Background: The clinical phenotype of pathogenic variant carriers has mostly been studied in families that fulfil criteria of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). We aimed at determining cancer phenotype and cancer risk estimation among families with pathogenic variants not selected by HDGC clinical criteria.

Methods: Patients were all consecutively identified pathogenic variant carriers from a clinical laboratory tested with multigene panel testing and from an academic cancer genetics programme.

Antibody-mediated rejection after cardiac transplant: Treatment with immunoadsorption, intravenous immunoglobulin, and anti-thymocyte globulin.

Antibody-mediated rejection of allograft is a poorly understood problem after cardiac transplantation that complicates the postoperative course and impairs the graft function and overall survival. Although plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulins have been used as standard therapies for years, there is no consensus about antibody-mediated rejection therapy and most transplantation centers have their own protocols. We describe herein a successful treatment for an acute antibody-mediated rejection of cardiac allograft combining immunoadsorption, intravenous immunoglobulins, and anti-thymocyte globulin, which manifested with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and right ventricular dysfunction.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ of the male breast: A case report.

Ductal carcinoma in situ in men is incredibly rare and detection by conventional mammography and ultrasound is often challenging. We report an unusual case of a 50-year-old male, with no family history of breast cancer, who presented with an 8-year history of left-sided breast pain and recurrent bloody nipple discharge without any significant suspicious imaging features in mammography and targeted high-resolution ultrasound. Breast magnetic resonance imaging was performed as an adjunct modality.

T2 mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance identifies the presence of myocardial inflammation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy as compared to endomyocardial biopsy.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the value of T2 mapping for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial inflammation in different stages of systolic left ventricular dysfunction in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in comparison with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB).

Methods And Results: A total of 132 subjects were enrolled between 2013 and 2016 (62 controls and 70 patients with DCM). All patients underwent CMR at 1.

Abnormal T2 mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance correlates with adverse clinical outcome in patients with suspected acute myocarditis.

Background: While most patients recover from suspected acute myocarditis (sAMC) some develop progressive disease with 5-year mortality up to 20%. Recently, parametric Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) approaches, quantifying native T1 and T2 relaxation time, have demonstrated the ability to increase diagnostic accuracy. However, prognostic implications of T2 values in this cohort are unknown.

Cellularity, characteristics of hematopoietic parameters and prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) present with a normo- or hyperplastic bone marrow in most cases. We aimed at a characterization of patients with different types of cellularity.

Methods: We assessed marrow cellularity both by histology and cytology in 1270 patients and analyzed hematologic, cytogenetic, and prognostic parameters accordingly.

Septic-Metastasizing Aspergillus-Encephalitis Mimicking Massive Cerebral Infarction in a Heart Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.

Invasive fungal infection after solid-organ transplantation is known as a severe complication and carries with it a high risk of infection-related mortality. Among patients after heart transplant Aspergillus species most often cause atypical pneumonia. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis after heart transplant has been reported from 3% to 14%.

Prognostic impact of blast cell counts in dysplastic bone marrow disorders (MDS and CMML I) with concomitant fibrosis.

In a retrospective study, 43 patients with dysplastic neoplasms of the bone marrow (myelodysplastic syndromes and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative-overlap neoplasms) associated with marked (grades 2-3) fibrosis were examined. Histopathologic and morphologic findings as well as cytogenetic and molecular results were correlated with clinical endpoints. Multilineage dysplasia (34 of 43 patients, 79 %) and hypercellular bone marrow (64 %) were found in most patients.

DLK-1 as a marker to distinguish unrestricted somatic stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in cord blood.

In addition to hematopoietic stem cells, cord blood (CB) also contains different nonhematopoietic CD45-, CD34- adherent cell populations: cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (CB MSC) that behave almost like MSC from bone marrow (BM MSC) and unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) that differentiate into cells of all 3 germ layers. Distinguishing between these populations is difficult due to overlapping features such as the immunophenotype or the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation pathway. Functional differences in the differentiation potential suggest different developmental stages or different cell populations.

Genomic instability and myelodysplasia with monosomy 7 consequent to EVI1 activation after gene therapy for chronic granulomatous disease.

Gene-modified autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can provide ample clinical benefits to subjects suffering from X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare inherited immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent, often life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections. Here we report on the molecular and cellular events observed in two young adults with X-CGD treated by gene therapy in 2004. After the initial resolution of bacterial and fungal infections, both subjects showed silencing of transgene expression due to methylation of the viral promoter, and myelodysplasia with monosomy 7 as a result of insertional activation of ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1).

Extrahepatic intraductal ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma: bile duct filling defect.

Background: Obstructive jaundice caused by an intraductal hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare initial symptom. We report a rare case of an extrahepatic icteric type hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: A 75-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital because of obstructive jaundice 3 months after resection of multilocular hepatocellular carcinoma.

Solitary submucous neurofibroma of the mandible: review of the literature and report of a rare case.

Solitary neurofibroma is a rare benign non-odontogenic tumor. Particularly in the oral cavity, neurogenic tumors are rare, especially if they are malignant. Neurofibromas may present either as solitary lesions or as part of the generalised syndrome of neurofibromatosis or von Recklinghausen's disease of the skin.

[Development of neointimal matrix after incorporation of modern alloplastic prostheses: comparison between ePTFE and Dacron].

Background: In the therapy for peripheral arterial occlusive disease there remain inadequacies in the use of alloplastic material concerning thrombogenicity and biological compliance. In the 1960s, Sparks tried to combine the advantages of alloplastic prostheses with those of autologous reconstructions by using incorporated prostheses. No extensive myointimal hyperplasia was noted, but besides infections aneurysmatic dilatation were limiting factors in clinical practice.

[Dignity of carotid body tumors. Review of the literature and clinical experiences].

Introduction: Tumors of the carotid body are rare paragangliomas (incidence 0.012%) originating from sympathetic fibres of the carotid bifurcation. Growth is slow and they frequently become symptomatic through local mechanical compression of neighboring vascular and neural structures.