Assessment of potential myopia risk factors, including chronotype, in Estonian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Myopia is a growing healthcare concern worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that sleep and circadian rhythms may be associated with myopia. Furthermore, the risk factors of myopia have not been studied in the Estonian population to date.

Retinal Periphlebitis May Be a Marker for Subphenotype in Multiple Sclerosis.

Retinal periphlebitis (RPP) is a long-known entity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and has not been revisited in the context of recent developments in MS pathogenesis and heterogeneity. We present six cases of RPP in three female and three male MS patients. They all have relapsing-remitting MS and did not have or had minor ocular symptoms.

Mitochondrial oxidative stress index, activity of redox-sensitive aconitase and effects of endogenous anti- and pro-oxidants on its activity in control, Alzheimer's disease and Swedish Familial Alzheimer's disease brain.

Efficient function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the citric acid cycle (CAC) enzymes is required for the maintenance of human brain function. A conception of oxidative stress (OxS) was recently advanced as a disruption of redox signalling and control. Mitochondrial OxS (MOxS) is implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD).