Chronic replication stress invokes mitochondria dysfunction via impaired parkin activity.

Replication stress is a major contributor to tumorigenesis because it provides a source of chromosomal rearrangements via recombination events. PARK2, which encodes parkin, a regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis, is located on one of the common fragile sites that are prone to rearrangement by replication stress, indicating that replication stress may potentially impact mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, we show that chronic low-dose replication stress causes a fixed reduction in parkin expression, which is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, indicated by an increase in mtROS.

Comparison of hypoxia- and hyperoxia-induced alteration of epigene expression pattern in lungs of Pleurodeles waltl and Mus musculus.

Epigenetics is an emerging field of research because of its involvement in susceptibility to diseases and aging. Hypoxia and hyperoxia are known to be involved widely in various pathophysiologies. Here, we compared the differential epigene expression pattern between Pleurodeles waltl and Mus musculus (commonly known as Iberian ribbed newt and mouse, respectively) exposed to hypoxia and hyperoxia.

Nicaraven Exerts a Limited Effect on Radiation-Induced Inhibition of Tumor Growth in a Subcutaneous Murine Tumor Model.

Nicaraven selectively protects normal tissue from radiation-induced injury. To further develop the clinical application of nicaraven for mitigating the side effects of cancer radiotherapy, we investigated the potential effect of nicaraven administration in radiation-induced inhibition of tumor growth. A subcutaneous tumor model was established in mice by the injection of Lewis lung cancer cells at the back of the chest.

Ex vivo expansion of primary cells from limb tissue of Pleurodeles waltl.

Pleurodeles waltl is coming to light as a model animal, especially in regeneration studies, but deep studies on the molecular mechanisms have been limited due to the absence of primary tissue cells for wide usage. Therefore, we aimed to grow primary cells from limb tissue of P. waltl for in vitro experiments.

Optimization on the dose and time of nicaraven administration for mitigating the side effects of radiotherapy in a preclinical tumor-bearing mouse model.

Objective: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the serious complications of radiotherapy. We have recently demonstrated that nicaraven can effectively mitigate RILI in healthy mice. Here, we further tried to optimize the dose and time of nicaraven administration for alleviating the side effects of radiotherapy in tumor-bearing mice.

Ex Vivo Hydrostatic Pressure Loading of Atrial Tissues Activates Profibrotic Transcription via TGF-β Signal Pathway.

Excessive mechanical stress causes fibrosis-related atrial arrhythmia. Herein, we tried to investigate the mechanism of atrial fibrogenesis in response to mechanical stress by ex vivo approach. We collected atrial tissues from mice and then cultured them as "explants" under atmospheric pressure (AP group) or 50 mmHg hydrostatic pressure loading (HP group) conditions.

Biphasic effect of mechanical stress on lymphocyte activation.

Mechanical forces can modulate the immune response, mostly described as promoting the activation of immune cells, but the role and mechanism of pathological levels of mechanical stress in lymphocyte activation have not been focused on before. By an ex vivo experimental approach, we observed that mechanical stressing of murine spleen lymphocytes with 50 mmHg for 3 h induced the nuclear localization of NFAT1, increased C-Jun, and increased the expression of early activation marker CD69 in resting CD8+ cells. Interestingly, 50 mmHg mechanical stressing induced the nuclear localization of NFAT1; but conversely decreased C-Jun and inhibited the expression of CD69 in lymphocytes under lipopolysaccharide or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin stimulation.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Histone H3 Modification in Newt Tail Tissue Cells following Amputation.

Background: Newts have impressive regenerative capabilities, but it remains unclear about the role of epigenetic regulation in regeneration process. We herein investigated histone modifications in newt tail tissue cells following amputation.

Methods And Results: Iberian ribbed male newts (6-8 months old) were suffered to about 1.