Local Anesthetics Inhibit Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subtype 3 Channel Function in Xenopus Oocytes.

Background: The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 3 (TRPV3) channel is activated by innocuous temperature and several chemical stimuli. It is proposed to be involved in pathological pain development and is therefore considered a potential target for treating pain. Local anesthetics have been used for patients with both acute and chronic pain.

Carvacrol inhibits the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels Na1.2, Na1.6, Na1.3, Na1.7, and Na1.8 expressed in Xenopus oocytes with different potencies.

Carvacrol is the predominant monoterpene in essential oils from many aromatic plants. Several animal studies showing analgesic effects of carvacrol indicate potential of carvacrol as a new medication for patients with refractory pain. Voltage-gated sodium channels (Na) are thought to have crucial roles in the development of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, but there is limited information about whether the analgesic mechanism of carvacrol involves Na.

The neurosteroid allopregnanolone sulfate inhibits Na1.3 α subunit-containing voltage-gated sodium channels, expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

The neurosteroid allopregnanolone has potent analgesic effects, and its potential use for neuropathic pain is supported by recent reports. However, the analgesic mechanisms are obscure. The voltage-gated sodium channels (Na) α subunit Na1.

Antidepressants inhibit Na1.3, Na1.7, and Na1.8 neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels more potently than Na1.2 and Na1.6 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and duloxetine are used to treat neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying their analgesic effects remain unclear. Although many investigators have shown inhibitory effects of antidepressants on voltage-gated sodium channels (Na) as a possible mechanism of analgesia, to our knowledge, no one has compared effects on the diverse variety of sodium channel α subunits.

Transperitoneal rectus sheath block and transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: A novel approach.

Introduction: A laparoscopic approach for inguinal hernia repair is now considered the gold standard. Laparoscopic surgery is associated with a significant reduction in postoperative pain. Epidural analgesia cannot be used in patients with perioperative anticoagulant therapy because of complications such as epidural hematoma.

Failed Mask Ventilation due to Air Leakage around the Orbit in a Patient with a History of Radical Maxillofacial Surgery with Orbital Exenteration.

A 72-year-old male (height: 160 cm, weight: 53 kg) was scheduled to undergo left renal and male with ans uterine tract resection. The patient had previously undergone right radical maxillofacial surgery with orbital exenteration 14 years before the present operation to treat squamous cell carcinoma of the right maxillary sinus, with tumour invasion to the orbital floor. An anaesthesiologist encountered difficulty in performing mask ventilation during the induction of anaesthesia in the patient, despite a good mask fit on the face, because the adhesive tape around the orbit had moved.