Bonding of ceramics to silver-coated titanium-A combined theoretical and experimental study.

It would be very beneficial to have a method for joining of ceramics to titanium reliably. Although several techniques have been developed and tested to prevent extensive interfacial chemical reactions in titanium-ceramic systems, the main problem of the inherent brittleness of interfaces was still unsolved. To overcome this problem also in dental applications, we decided to make use of an interlayer material that needs to meet the following requirements: First, it has to be biocompatible, second, it should not melt below the bonding temperatures, and third, it should not react too strongly with titanium, so that its plasticity will be maintained.

Effect of fall direction on the lower hip fracture risk in athletes with different loading histories: A finite element modeling study in multiple sideways fall configurations.

Physical loading makes bones stronger through structural adaptation. Finding effective modes of exercise to improve proximal femur strength has the potential to decrease hip fracture risk. Previous proximal femur finite element (FE) modeling studies have indicated that the loading history comprising impact exercises is associated with substantially higher fracture load.

Thermal jet drilling of granite rock: a numerical 3D finite-element study.

This paper presents a numerical study on thermal jet drilling of granite rock that is based on a thermal spallation phenomenon. For this end, a numerical method based on finite elements and a damage-viscoplasticity model are developed for solving the underlying coupled thermo-mechanical problem. An explicit time-stepping scheme is applied in solving the global problem, which in the present case is amenable to extreme mass scaling.

Flexible identification procedure for thermodynamic constitutive models for magnetostrictive materials.

We present a novel approach for identifying a multiaxial thermodynamic magneto-mechanical constitutive law by direct bi- or trivariate spline interpolation from available magnetization and magnetostriction data. Reference data are first produced with a multiscale model in the case of a magnetic field and uniaxial and shear stresses. The thermodynamic model fits well to the results of the multiscale model, after which the models are compared under complex multiaxial loadings.

Impact loading history modulates hip fracture load and location: A finite element simulation study of the proximal femur in female athletes.

Sideways falls impose high stress on the thin superolateral cortical bone of the femoral neck, the region regarded as a fracture-prone region of the hip. Exercise training is a natural mode of mechanical loading to make bone more robust. Exercise-induced adaptation of cortical bone along the femoral neck has been previously demonstrated.

Ricci-flow based conformal mapping of the proximal femur to identify exercise loading effects.

The causal relationship between habitual loading and adaptive response in bone morphology is commonly explored by analysing the spatial distribution of mechanically relevant features. In this study, 3D distribution of features in the proximal femur of 91 female athletes (5 exercise loading groups representing habitual loading) is contrasted with 20 controls. A femur specific Ricci-flow based conformal mapping procedure was developed for establishing correspondence among the periosteal surfaces.

Exercise loading history and femoral neck strength in a sideways fall: A three-dimensional finite element modeling study.

Over 90% of hip fractures are caused by falls. Due to a fall-induced impact on the greater trochanter, the posterior part of the thin superolateral cortex of the femoral neck is known to experience the highest stress, making it a fracture-prone region. Cortical geometry of the proximal femur, in turn, reflects a mechanically appropriate form with respect to habitual exercise loading.