[Accidental staining of corneal nerves by methylene blue].

A 10-year-old child presented after accidental exposure of the left eye to a blue hair dye containing methylene blue. Mild ocular surface changes and a selective blue staining of the usually invisible corneal nerve fibre bundles were present. Corneal sensitivity was reduced.

[Corneal opacity in a contact lens wearer on hemodialysis for renal failure].

A 53-year-old contact lens wearer on renal dialysis developed visual impairment due to corneal opacity. The opacity was of a crystalline type and diffusely scattered in the anterior cornea. As oxalosis was suspected ascorbic acid was immediately omitted from the dialysis treatment schedule.

The effect of Pygeum africanum on fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta 1/LAP) expression in animal model.

Unlabelled: On the basis of its fibroblast growth factor (FGF) inhibitory effect we assessed the possible inhibitory anti-inflammatory role of Pygeum Africanum extract (Tadenan) on FGF and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta 1/LAP) expression of macrophages and neutrophils in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of rats in a bleomycin-induced acute inflammation model. The rats were divided into three groups: 17 untreated controls, 10 bleomycin-instilled rats, receiving NaCl (0.9%), and 10 rats receiving Pygeum Africanum extract.

Examination of CD11B/C, CD54 and CD62 expression on cells in trypsin-triggered emphysema model.

We studied the CD11b/c, CD54, CD62 expression on BAL (bronco-alveolar lavage) cells of rats by flow cytometry in a trypsin-triggered emphysema model. We made BAL sampling two and a half hour after trypsin infusion, in early inflammatory phase. Rats were divided into three groups: 1.

Determination of Sn(II) in technetium cold kits by voltammetry at the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and relevant radiopharmaceutical applications.

A novel approach for the determination of the stannous content in cold kits for labelling with 99mTc is described. The method is based on differential pulse polarography on the hanging mercury drop electrode in a methanol/water/perchloric acid mixture and is easy to perform. Examples for the determination of tin(II) in fractionated technetium cold kits are shown.

[Trypsin-induced leukostasis: granulocyte migration in airspaces].

Injection of trypsin triggers the delayed appearance of a lung emphysema. Classically, emphysema is attributed to elastase, more particularly to leucocyte elastase. Indeed the acute phase of this experiment is characterized by a granulocyte sequestration within the lung microvessels in diverse species.

The trypsin-induced leucostasis which leads to emphysema in the hamster is not due to contaminating endotoxins.

Intravenous injection of trypsin in the rat induces early lung leucostasis and emphysema of delayed onset. This report confirms that this emphysema is not rat-specific and that the leucostasis is not related to the presence of contaminating endotoxin in the trypsin. In hamsters (n = 37), leucostasis did not occur when they were injected with heat-treated trypsin, but numerous granulocytes were sequestered in the vessels of hamsters receiving a fresh solution of trypsin.

Parenteral administration of trypsin triggers lung emphysema.

Eight weeks after a single intravenous injection of trypsin, more than half of 26 treated rats showed pulmonary emphysema, as demonstrated by a significant increase of the mean linear intercept (MLI = 107 microns) in comparison with 11 controls (69 +/- 15 microns) (mean +/- SD). As observed 56 days after the injection, the intraperitoneal administration of trypsin (24 rats) also leads to lung emphysema (MLI = 101-106 microns), as does endotracheal instillation of elastase (13 rats), (MLI = 108 microns). The intraperitoneal administration of trypsin in animals constitutes a model close to human pathology with which lung alterations in acute pancreatitis may be studied.

Experimental emphysema following one intravenous infusion of trypsin.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a deficit in protease inhibitor (AT) induced by intravenously administered trypsin on the development of elastase-induced emphysema. Rats receiving a perfusion of trypsin (4.5 mg/kg body wt) intravenously (TIV rats) or one instillation of elastase (92 IU/subject) into the trachea (ELAS rats) were compared with rats receiving both trypsin and elastase (TIVELAS rats).

[Quantimetry and lung heterogeneity in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) treated with endotracheal or intrapleural infusion of elastase. Individual and contralateral variations].

Intrapleural administration of elastase was found to induce pulmonary emphysema identical to that seen after an endotracheal instillation of elastase in 33% of cats and 14% of rats given the treatment [15]. This experiment was repeated using hamsters, a species extremely sensitive to elastolytic factors reaching the lung via the airways. Linear intercept measurements (Lm) demonstrated no evidence of emphysema or alveolar dilatation four weeks after an intrapleural infusion of elastase, whereas quantified lung heterogeneity reached 40%, i.

Stress adaptation and low-frequency impedance of rat lungs.

At transpulmonary pressures (Ptp) of 7-12 cmH2O, pressure-volume hysteresis of isolated cat lungs has been found to be 20-50% larger than predicted from their amount of stress adaptation (J. Hildebrandt, J. Appl.

[Experimental emphysema following intravenous injection of trypsin].

The injection of trypsin provokes a decrease of the circulating antiproteases. Its effect on an elastase-induced emphysema is negligible. Paradoxically, emphysema is quantitatively demonstrated in rats treated with trypsin alone: an influx of polymorphonuclear leucocytes into the lung is observed during the acute phase of experiment.

[Experimental study in the cat on the alveolar density and heterogeneity in the obstructed lung. Comparison with the emphysematous lung in the aged].

An experimental model of lung obstruction has been achieved in the cat reared in our laboratory. 30 young adults (J) and one adult subject (A) had tracheal stenosis from 8 to 15 weeks and were the object of a study of pulmonary airways and were compared with four young controls and seven older controls. The presence of emphysema was revealed by microscopy.

Intrapleural injection of elastase: a model for inducing subpleural emphysema?

Subpleural emphysema induction was attempted by injecting elastase intrapleurally into rats and cats. Microscopic evaluation of emphysema (alveolar dilation and septal rupture) was compared with a quantification of alveolar dilation (Fawell-Newman method). The emphysema found in animals treated with an intrapleural injection of porcine pancreatic elastase did not appear to be specifically located in a subpleural zone, and was identical to the focal emphysema induced by an enzyme instillation into the airways.

[Pulmonary emphysema induced by elastase: influence of the dose and effect of added collagenase].

The endotracheal deposition of pancreatic porcine elastase (EPP) at 40 u X kg-1 body weight provokes a typical pulmonary emphysema (alveoli disruption) in rats. This emphysema is significant (p less than 0.001) when quantitatively compared to a placebo (100% increase of the mean linear intercept, ILM).

[Tracheal stenosis in the cat: anatomopathologic repercussions on the pulmonary parenchyma].

A calibrated stenosis of the trachea was performed in 6 young cats and 1 old one (TS cats); the animals were observed for 8 or 15 weeks thereafter. The percentage of macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was greater in the TS cats than in the controls. An irregular distribution of pulmonary lesions was found.

Intracellular pH changes during experimental sustained hypercapnia.

During various time periods lasting 3--28 days rats were continuously exposed to FICO2 = 0.08 or 0.16 in normoxic conditions, pHi was measured by the 3H-inulin and 14C-DMO method in the erythrocyte, the gastrocnemius and in the whole body.

[Effect of chronic hypercapnia on the gastric acid secretion in rats: a comparative study in vitro (author's transl)].

Rats are made hypercapnic by breathing 8% CO2 for a week. Their stomachs, removed under anaesthesia in a hypercarbic atmosphere, are placed in a special chamber and the acidic secretion (free + titratable) is measured in vitro in relation to different parameters of the controlled atmosphere. The secretion depends on the gas composition.

The hepatic cytochrome level in the cat (Felis catus): normal value and variations in relation to some biological parameters.

1. The average level of the hepatic hydroxylating cytochrome was determined in the cat (0.380 +/- 0.