[Possibilities and Limitations of OCT-Angiography in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy].

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a commonly acquired maculopathy characterized by the accumulation of subretinal fluid at the posterior pole. This study aims to analyze optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with acute and chronic CSC and to compare them to conventional imaging methods. A series of 43 consecutive eyes of 29 patients diagnosed with CSC and 18 eyes of 9 healthy control subjects were included in this retrospective study.

Defective Platelet Activation and Bleeding Complications upon Cholestasis in Mice.

Background/aims: Platelets are essential mediators of hemostasis to avoid excessive blood loss. Cirrhosis and chronic liver diseases are characterized by alterations in hemostasis. Alterations in the secondary hemostasis have been well studied, while defects in primary hemostasis, especially the consequences of cholestatic liver disease on platelet function are not well defined.

Molecular phylogeny of extant Holothuroidea (Echinodermata).

Sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) are a morphologically diverse, ecologically important, and economically valued clade of echinoderms; however, the understanding of the overall systematics of the group remains controversial. Here, we present a phylogeny of extant Holothuroidea assessed with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches using approximately 4.3kb of mt- (COI, 16S, 12S) and nDNA (H3, 18S, 28S) sequences from 82 holothuroid terminals representing 23 of the 27 widely-accepted family-ranked taxa.

Role of the G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 in Liver Damage.

Background: TGR5 (G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1, M-Bar) is a G protein-coupled cell surface receptor responsive to bile acids (BA) and different steroid hormones. TGR5 mRNA is detected almost ubiquitious in human and rodent tissues with a very high expression in gallbladder, liver and intestine. In liver, TGR5 is found in sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and cholangiocytes.

[Proteome analysis of undiluted vitreous humor in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion].

Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) remain unclear.

Objectives: To analyze the protein profile of human vitreous of patients with BRVO and to identify specific dysregulated proteins.

Materials And Methods: Undiluted vitreous humor samples from patients with treatment naïve BRVO and 15 controls with idiopathic floaters were analyzed in this clinical-experimental study using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a mass spectrometer (CE-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).

Infection Rates and Treatment of Low-Velocity Extremity Gunshot Injuries.

Objectives: To determine the rates of infection in low-energy gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the extremity.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Infection and Complications After Low-velocity Intra-articular Gunshot Injuries.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to characterize the demographics, interventions, infection rates, and other complications after intra-articular (IA) gunshot wounds.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Intraoperative Thresholds for Capsular Stimulation Are Reliable for Chronic Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation in Dystonia.

Background: The threshold current for inducing muscle contractions by stimulation of pyramidal tract fibres adjacent to the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is, besides microelectrode recordings for the determination of nuclear boundaries, currently the only neurophysiological marker for intraoperative refinement of the anatomically planned target point for pallidal deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) in dystonia.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between intraoperative thresholds for muscle contractions under general anaesthesia and postoperative thresholds in GPi-DBS.

Methods: Intraoperatively, current amplitude thresholds (120 µs, 130 Hz) were determined in 6 dystonic patients under general anaesthesia (through the uninsulated tip of the microelectrode guide tube).

Chloride and sulfate salinity differently affect biomass, mineral nutrient composition and expression of sulfate transport and assimilation genes in .

Background And Aims: It remains uncertain whether a higher toxicity of either NaCl or NaSO in plants is due to an altered toxicity of sodium or a different toxicity of the anions. The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of sodium and the two anions to the different toxicities of chloride and sulfate salinity. The effects of the different salts on physiological parameters, mineral nutrient composition and expression of genes of sulfate transport and assimilation were studied.

Striatal Dopaminergic Innervation Regulates Subthalamic Beta-Oscillations and Cortical-Subcortical Coupling during Movements: Preliminary Evidence in Subjects with Parkinson's Disease.

Activation of the basal ganglia has been shown during the preparation and execution of movement. However, the functional interaction of cortical and subcortical brain areas during movement and the relative contribution of dopaminergic striatal innervation remains unclear. We recorded local field potential (LFP) activity from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and high-density electroencephalography (EEG) signals in four patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) off dopaminergic medication during a multi-joint motor task performed with their dominant and non-dominant hand.

Political economy challenges in nutrition.

Background: Historically, implementing nutrition policy has confronted persistent obstacles, with many of these obstacles arising from political economy sources. While there has been increased global policy attention to improving nutrition in recent years, the difficulty of translating this policy momentum into results remains.

Discussion: We present key political economy themes emanating from the political economy of nutrition literature.

Idiopathic delayed-onset edema surrounding deep brain stimulation leads: Insights from a case series and systematic literature review.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective for some neurological and psychiatric conditions. Idiopathic delayed-onset edema (IDE) surrounding the leads has been anecdotally reported. The etiology, predisposing factors and prognosis of this complication are unknown.

"Our organs have a purpose": body image acceptance in Latina breast cancer survivors.

Objective: Studies examining body image concerns among breast cancer survivors have primarily captured the experiences of non-Latina white women. Thus, little is known about body image concerns among Latinas. To address this gap, we examined Latina breast cancer survivors' lived experiences related to body image.

Marked subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophilic infiltration associated with the presence of multiple Dirofilaria repens microfilariae in 4 dogs.

Dirofilaria repens is a parasitic nematode in the subcutaneous tissue of carnivores, including dogs and cats, transmitted by mosquitoes. Human beings may be accidental hosts. Infection of a dog with D repens was first reported in Palestine in 1934, and 2 additional cases were reported in dogs in Israel to date.

Analysis of Wellbore Skin Samples-Typology, Composition, and Hydraulic Properties.

The presence of a wellbore skin layer, formed during the drilling process, is a major impediment for the energy-efficient use of water wells. Many models exist that predict its potential impacts on well hydraulics, but so far its relevant hydraulic parameters were only estimates or, at best, model results. Here, we present data on the typology, thickness, composition, and hydraulic properties obtained from the sampling of excavated dewatering wells in lignite surface mines and from inclined core drilling into the annulus of an abandoned water well.

Influence of Organizational Structure and Administrative Processes on the Performance of State-Level Malaria Programs in Nigeria.

-Studies have found links between organizational structure and performance of public organizations. Considering the wide variation in uptake of malaria interventions and outcomes across Nigeria, this exploratory study examined how differences in administrative location (a dimension of organizational structure), the effectiveness of administrative processes (earmarking and financial control, and communication), leadership (use of data in decision making, state ownership, political will, and resourcefulness), and external influences (donor influence) might explain variations in performance of state malaria programs in Nigeria. We hypothesized that states with malaria program administrative structures closer to state governors will have greater access to resources, greater political support, and greater administrative flexibility and will therefore perform better.

An Assessment of Data Availability, Quality, and Use in Malaria Program Decision Making in Nigeria.

In 2014, Nigeria shifted its malaria policy and strategy from control to elimination. Studies show that data-driven decision making is essential to achieving elimination. It is therefore important that policy makers have access to and use good quality and relevant data to inform program decisions.

Is Early Appropriate Care of axial and femoral fractures appropriate in multiply-injured elderly trauma patients?

Background: Previous work established resuscitation parameters that minimize complications with early fracture management. This Early Appropriate Care (EAC) protocol was applied to patients with advanced age to determine if they require unique parameters to mitigate complications.

Methods: Between October 2010 and March 2013, 376 consecutive skeletally mature patients with unstable fractures of the pelvis, acetabulum, thoracolumbar spine, and/or proximal or diaphyseal femur fractures were treated at a level I trauma center and were prospectively studied.

Progressive gait ataxia following deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: adverse effect or lack of efficacy?

Thalamic deep brain stimulation is a mainstay treatment for severe and drug-refractory essential tremor, but postoperative management may be complicated in some patients by a progressive cerebellar syndrome including gait ataxia, dysmetria, worsening of intention tremor and dysarthria. Typically, this syndrome manifests several months after an initially effective therapy and necessitates frequent adjustments in stimulation parameters. There is an ongoing debate as to whether progressive ataxia reflects a delayed therapeutic failure due to disease progression or an adverse effect related to repeated increases of stimulation intensity.