Resorbable GBR Scaffolds in Oral and Maxillofacial Tissue Engineering: Design, Fabrication, and Applications.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a promising technique in bone tissue engineering that aims to replace lost or injured bone using resorbable scaffolds. The promotion of osteoblast adhesion, migration, and proliferation is greatly aided by GBR materials, and surface changes are critical in imitating the natural bone structure to improve cellular responses. Moreover, the interactions between bioresponsive scaffolds, growth factors (GFs), immune cells, and stromal progenitor cells are essential in promoting bone regeneration.

A Novel Apparatus to Standardize the Polishing Protocol to Achieve Different Roughness of Titanium and Zirconia Disc Surfaces.

Purpose: To propose and evaluate standardized polishing protocols for in vitro experiments using a custommade apparatus under controlled force to create consistent surface roughness on titanium and zirconia discs.

Materials And Methods: A total of 160 discs were manufactured with a diameter of 10 mm, 80 titanium (Ti) and 80 zirconium oxide (Zr). Specimens were categorized into two groups: controlled force (CF) and without controlled force (WCF).

Medical profile of patients referred to an Australian postgraduate oral surgery clinic.

Background And Objectives: Thorough knowledge of a patient's medical history and medications is necessary for providing safe oral surgery care, and may be considered a form of risk management. This study investigated the prevalence of medical conditions and medication types in patients referred to an Australian postgraduate oral surgery clinic over 2 years.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of the clinical records of 233 randomized patients referred to the Griffith University (Queensland, Australia) postgraduate oral surgery clinic in 2018 and 2019 was performed.

A Novel Irrigation System to Reduce Heat Generation during Guided Implantology: An In Vitro Study.

The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating a new irrigation system into a surgical guide and monitor its effect on heat generation during implant bed preparation. A total of 48 surgically guided osteotomies were performed on 12 bovine ribs divided into 4 groups, using different irrigation techniques: Group A (test) had entry and exit channels incorporated into the guide; Group B had a similar design with an entry channel only; Group C had conventional external irrigation; and Group D (control) had no irrigation. Heat generation during the osteotomies was measured using thermocouples placed at a depth of 2 mm and 6 mm.

Exploring digital technologies used in the design and manufacture of craniofacial implant surgical guides: A scoping review.

Statement Of Problem: Unlike intraoral implants, digitally planned surgical templates used for guiding the ideal position of the craniofacial implants are not well established, and clear methods and guidelines for their design and construction are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the publications that used a full or partial computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) protocol to create a surgical guide that achieves the correct positioning of craniofacial implants to retain a silicone facial prosthesis.

Material And Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus for articles published before November 2021 in the English language.

Relationship between craniofacial and dental arch morphology with pharyngeal airway space in adolescents.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate a possible relationship between pharyngeal airway space, craniofacial variables, and dental arch form in adolescents grouped by sex.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 108 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to analyze sagittal craniofacial variables and the pharyngeal airway space.

A systematic review on neutrophils interactions with titanium and zirconia surfaces: Evidence from in vitro studies.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess in vitro studies that evaluated neutrophil interactions with different roughness levels in titanium and zirconia implant surfaces.

Material And Methods: An electronic search for literature was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science and a total of 14 studies were included. Neutrophil responses were assessed based on adhesion, cell number, surface coverage, cell structure, cytokine secretion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, neutrophil activation, receptor expression, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release.

Accuracy evaluation of 3D-printed guide-assisted flapless micro-osteoperforations in the anterior mandible.

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of tridimensional (3D)-printed guide-assisted flapless cortical bone micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) in the anterior mandible on a cadaver model.

Materials And Methods: Five human cadaver heads with complete dentition in the anterior mandible were used in the present study. Preplanning CBCT and intraoral surface scans were obtained.

Frequency and characteristics of medical emergencies in an Australian dental school: A retrospective study.

Purpose/objectives: The frequency of medical emergencies in a dental setting is relatively low. However, most dental treatment occurs outside of a hospital setting; thus the time to respond to a life-threatening situation is crucial. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of medical emergencies that occurred at the Griffith University Dental Clinic over a 6-year period.

A simplified CAD/CAM extraoral surgical guide for therapeutic injections.

Therapeutic injections into the craniofacial region can be a complex procedure because of the nature of its anatomical structure. This technical note demonstrates a process for creating an extra-oral template to inject therapeutic substances into the temporomandibular joint and the lateral pterygoid muscle. The described process involves merging cone-beam computed tomography data and extra-oral facial scans obtained using a mobile device to establish a correlated data set for virtual planning.

Oropharyngeal complex differences related to sex and occlusal factors in adolescents aged 12-17 years.

Objective: To investigate oropharyngeal complex differences related to sex and occlusal factors in adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 108 patients aged 12-17 years. The oropharyngeal complex was evaluated by imaging exams.

Percutaneous exposure injuries amongst dental staff and students at a university dental clinic in Australia: A 6-year retrospective study.

Purpose/objectives: Dental care providers are at risk of percutaneous exposure injuries (PEIs) due to the intimate nature of the patient-dentist environment and the routine use of sharp instruments. They are the most vulnerable to accidental exposure of blood-borne viruses. The aim of this study was to determine the types of PEIs sustained by staff and students at the Griffith University Dental Clinic over a 6-year period.

Correlation between upper airway dimension and TMJ position in patients with sleep disordered breathing.

Objective: The goal was to perform a 10-year retrospective study on the correlation between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and upper airway dimensions, as well as the relation between SDB status and TMJ position. The study also examined links between airway dimensions and TMJ position.

Methods: Patients were categorized into Control (n = 28) or SDB (n = 45).

Tomographic analysis of nasomaxillary and zygomaticomaxillary buttress bone thickness for the fixation of miniplates.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone thickness of the nasomaxillary and zygomaticomaxillary buttresses to identify the most favourable region for the installation of miniplates. Bilateral tomographic images of 103 individuals were evaluated, for a total of 206 nasomaxillary and zygomaticomaxillary buttresses. Measurements of bone thickness were performed in the parasagittal reconstructions along three vertical lines on the nasomaxillary buttress (21 measurement points) and four vertical lines on the zygomaticomaxillary buttress (28 measurement points).

Fall of amalgam restoration: a 10-year analysis of an Australian university dental clinic.

Background: The use of amalgam in Dentistry has decreased since the 1980s. This study aimed to (i) assess the time trend in the usage of amalgam and composite in posterior teeth at Griffith University Dental Clinic from 2010 to 2019; (ii) to test whether this trend varied according to the dental health provider.

Methods: We analysed clinic records from 2010 to 2019.

Validity of computed tomography in diagnosing midfacial fractures.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, accuracy, and reliability of two-dimensional computed tomography (2D-CT) scans (axial, coronal, sagittal planes) and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) reconstructions in diagnosing midfacial fractures in relation to actual fractures identified clinically and during surgery (gold standard). The imaging diagnosis was performed by a radiologist and an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Sixty-two patients with a total of 429 midfacial fractures were included.

Analgesia and side effects of codeine phosphate associated with paracetamol vs. paracetamol after the extraction of mandibular third molars: a randomized double-blind clinical trial using the split-mouth model.

Purpose: To assess the analgesia and side effects of codeine phosphate associated with paracetamol (test medication) as compared to paracetamol (control medication) after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven patients removed the right and left impacted mandibular third molars. After one surgery, patients took the test medication and after the other surgery, they took the control medication.

Positioning accuracy assessment of minimally invasive percutaneous injection techniques for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of an extraoral CBCT-planned 3D-printed surgical guide aimed to percutaneous injection of substances into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM).

Methods: Nine human cadaver heads were used. Pre-planning CBCT and facial scans were obtained and three percutaneous injection sites were planned: one for the lower compartment of the TMJ and two for the LPM.

Quantitative Assessment of the Efficacy of Two Different Single-file Systems in Reducing the Bacterial load in Oval-Shaped Canals: A Clinical Study.

Introduction: This randomized clinical study compared the in vivo antibacterial efficacy of Reciproc Blue (RB), XP-endo Shaper (XP-S), and XP-endo Shaper associated with XP-endo Finisher (XP-F) systems in infected oval-shaped root canals with primary apical periodontitis.

Methods: In this study, 28 human teeth with a single root and a single canal were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the instrumentation technique: group 1, RB (n = 14) and group 2, XP-endo (XP-S and XP-F, n = 14). The single-rooted teeth were prepared by reciprocating and rotary nickel-titanium instruments with 5.

Bone Invasive Properties of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Interactions with Alveolar Bone Cells: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Co-culture of cancer cells with alveolar bone cells could modulate bone invasion and destructions. However, the mechanisms of interaction between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and bone cells remain unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the direct and indirect effects of OSCC cells in the stimulation of osteolytic activity and bone invasion.

Flapless dental implant surgery: a retrospective study of 1,241 consecutive implants.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify retrospectively the predictors of implant survival when the flapless protocol was used in two private dental practices.

Materials And Methods: The collected data were initially computer searched to identify the patients; later, a hand search of patient records was carried out to identify all flapless implants consecutively inserted over the last 10 years. The demographic information gathered on statistical predictors included age, sex, periodontal and peri-implantitis status, smoking, details of implants inserted, implant locations, placement time after extraction, use of simultaneous guided hard and soft tissue regeneration procedures, loading protocols, type of prosthesis, and treatment outcomes (implant survival and complications).

A finite element study of short dental implants in the posterior maxilla.

Purpose: Elevated bite forces and reduced bone densities and dimensions associated with posterior regions of the maxilla cause relatively high failure rates when short dental implants are placed to substitute missing teeth. This study uses the finite element method to evaluate four distinctly different short implant designs (Bicon, Neodent, Nobel Biocare, and Straumann) for their influences on the von Mises stress characteristics within the posterior maxilla.

Materials And Methods: Finite element models of the supporting bone and tooth crowns are developed based on computed tomography data, and implant geometries are obtained from manufacturers' catalogs.

Dental implant placement with bone augmentation in a patient who received intravenous bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis.

Intravenous (IV) administration of bisphosphonates has been considered an absolute contraindication for placement of dental implants, because of the increased risk of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). However, the evidence regarding this association originates from patients being treated for various forms of metastatic cancer. In the case reported here, a patient received a dental implant while undergoing IV treatment with zoledronic acid for osteoporosis.

Is flapless implant surgery a viable option in posterior maxilla? A review.

This article reviews the literature on the outcome of flapless surgery for dental implants in the posterior maxilla. The literature search was carried out in using the keywords: flapless, dental implants and maxilla. A hand search and Medline search were carried out on studies published between 1971 and 2011.