Rural-urban differences in meeting of physical activity recommendations by sun exposure and protection behaviors in the United States.

Objective: To examine associations between sun protection behaviors and physical activity (PA) by rural and urban residence in the United States.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2018), restricting to participants ages 20-59 with sun behavior data. Sunburns, sun exposure, and sun protection measures were dichotomized (yes/no): ≥1 sunburn in the past year, 2+ hour outside during workdays or non-workdays, and never/rarely/sometimes using sunscreen, wearing long sleeves, and staying in the shade.

Rural-Urban Differences in Sun Exposure and Protection Behaviors in the United States.

Background: Evidence regarding whether rural residence is a risk factor for skin cancer is mixed. We compared sun exposure and protection behaviors between rural and urban residents by ethno-racial group in the United States.

Methods: We analyzed data from three (2013-2018) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles.

A UVR-sensor wearable device intervention to reduce sun exposure in melanoma survivors: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Melanoma survivors are at increased risk of developing a second primary melanoma; however, some report sub-optimal sun behaviors and sunburns. We tested the effectiveness of a wearable device with ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-sensing technology to improve sun behaviors and reduce sunburns in cutaneous melanoma survivors.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial using Shade 2, a commercially available wrist device that measures UVR.

Incidental sun exposures as a source of sunburn among rural compared to urban residents in the United States.

Purpose: Melanoma incidence is higher in rural than in urban areas in the United States, possibly due to greater incidental sun exposures from rural outdoor-focused lifestyles and occupational patterns. Our aim was to compare activities at the time of a sunburn between rural and urban residents.

Methods: Utilizing the nationally representative 2019 cross-sectional Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), we report odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression models comparing self-reported activities at most recent sunburn among rural versus urban adults.

Cross-sectional study of physical activity among long-term melanoma survivors and population controls.

Physical activity has been associated with improved outcomes among cancer survivors of various malignancies; however, this topic is understudied among melanoma survivors. Our objective was to determine whether long-term melanoma survivors are less likely to meet American Cancer Society physical activity guidelines than non-melanoma population controls. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2015 to follow up participants from a case-control study of melanoma and population controls in Minnesota.

Cross-sectional study of sex differences in psychosocial quality of life of long-term melanoma survivors.

Purpose: A cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life. Differences in quality of life by sex among long-term melanoma survivors remain unclear. The objective of this study was to describe sex differences in cancer-specific psychosocial quality of life of long-term melanoma survivors.

UVR-sensor wearable device intervention to improve sun behaviors and reduce sunburns in melanoma survivors: study protocol of a parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

Background: Individuals who have been diagnosed with melanoma have more than a 9-fold increased risk of developing another melanoma. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure following a melanoma diagnosis can be modified to reduce risk of a new melanoma diagnosis. Yet research shows that many melanoma survivors do not report optimal sun protection practices.

Initial skin cancer screening for solid organ transplant recipients in the United States: Delphi method development of expert consensus guidelines.

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy affecting solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR), and SOTR experience increased skin cancer-associated morbidity and mortality. There are no formal multidisciplinary guidelines for skin cancer screening after transplant, and current practices are widely variable. We conducted three rounds of Delphi method surveys with a panel of 84 U.

CDK11 Loss Induces Cell Cycle Dysfunction and Death of BRAF and NRAS Melanoma Cells.

Cyclin dependent kinase 11 (CDK11) is a protein kinase that regulates RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mitosis, and cell death. Targeting of CDK11 expression levels is effective in the experimental treatment of breast and other cancers, but these data are lacking in melanoma. To understand CDK11 function in melanoma, we evaluated protein and RNA levels of CDK11, Cyclin L1 and Cyclin L2 in benign melanocytes and BRAF- as well as NRAS-mutant melanoma cell lines.

A Qualitative Study of Quality of Life Concerns following a Melanoma Diagnosis.

The goal of this study was to identify a relevant and inclusive list of quality of life issues among long-term survivors of melanoma. Individuals diagnosed with stage I-III cutaneous melanoma and had survived 1-5 years, ages 18-65 years at diagnosis, were recruited. Five focus groups were conducted with 33 participants in total.

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Skin Cancer in Organ Transplant Recipients in the United States.

Importance: Skin cancer is the most common malignancy occurring after organ transplantation. Although previous research has reported an increased risk of skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs), no study has estimated the posttransplant population-based incidence in the United States.

Objective: To determine the incidence and evaluate the risk factors for posttransplant skin cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma (MM), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in a cohort of US OTRs receiving a primary organ transplant in 2003 or 2008.

Association Between Indoor Tanning and Melanoma in Younger Men and Women.

Importance: In the United States and Minnesota, melanoma incidence is rising more steeply among women than men younger than 50 years. To our knowledge, no study has examined age- and sex-specific associations between indoor tanning and melanoma to determine if these trends could be due to greater indoor tanning use among younger women.

Objective: To examine associations between indoor tanning and melanoma among men and women younger than 50 years.

Exposure to indoor tanning without burning and melanoma risk by sunburn history.

Indoor tanning is carcinogenic to humans. Individuals report that they tan indoors before planning to be in the sun to prevent sunburns, but whether skin cancer is subsequently reduced is unknown. Using a population-based case-control study, we calculated the association between melanoma and indoor tanning after excluding exposed participants reporting indoor tanning-related burns, stratified by their number of lifetime sunburns (0, 1-2, 3-5, >5).

Exposure to indoor tanning without burning and melanoma risk by sunburn history.

Indoor tanning is carcinogenic to humans. Individuals report that they tan indoors before planning to be in the sun to prevent sunburns, but whether skin cancer is subsequently reduced is unknown. Using a population-based case-control study, we calculated the association between melanoma and indoor tanning after excluding exposed participants reporting indoor tanning-related burns, stratified by their number of lifetime sunburns (0, 1-2, 3-5, >5).

Capecitabine to reduce nonmelanoma skin carcinoma burden in solid organ transplant recipients.

Background: Solidorgan transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at greater risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) than the general population, in large part because of their immunosuppression. Select individual SOTRs demonstrate a rate of tumor development at the upper end of their cohort. Capecitabine, a prodrug converted in the body to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), may alter the risk for development of NMSC in an individual SOTR with a high rate of tumor development.

Risk factors for lymphedema in breast cancer survivors, the Iowa Women's Health Study.

Risk factors for lymphedema and related arm symptoms in breast cancer (BC) survivors have not been examined using a large prospective population-based cohort. The Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS) collected self-reported data for diagnosed lymphedema in 2004, and data for cancer diagnosis, treatment, behavioral and health characteristics between 1986 and 2003. We studied 1,287 women, aged 55-69 at baseline, who developed unilateral BC: n = 104 (8%) with diagnosed lymphedema, n = 475 (37%) with arm symptoms but without diagnosed lymphedema, and n = 708 without lymphedema.

Association between psoriasis and incident cancer: the Iowa's Women's Health Study.

Introduction: Studies have reported higher cancer risk in individuals with psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease; however, adjustment for potential confounders was lacking.

Methods: We examined the association of psoriasis with cancer incidence in 32,910 women after age 65 in the IWHS cohort linked to Medicare. Psoriasis was defined as: 2+ psoriasis claims from any Medicare file during 1991-2004 or 1+ psoriasis claim from a dermatologist (n = 719).

Weight lifting for women at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a randomized trial.

Context: Clinical guidelines for breast cancer survivors without lymphedema advise against upper body exercise, preventing them from obtaining established health benefits of weight lifting.

Objective: To evaluate lymphedema onset after a 1-year weight lifting intervention vs no exercise (control) among survivors at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A randomized controlled equivalence trial (Physical Activity and Lymphedema trial) in the Philadelphia metropolitan area of 154 breast cancer survivors 1 to 5 years postunilateral breast cancer, with at least 2 lymph nodes removed and without clinical signs of BCRL at study entry.

Changes in the Body Image and Relationship Scale following a one-year strength training trial for breast cancer survivors with or at risk for lymphedema.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a twice-weekly strength training intervention on perceptions of body image in 234 breast cancer survivors (112 with lymphedema) who participated in the Physical Activity and Lymphedema (PAL) trial. The study population included two hundred and thirty-four women randomly assigned to twice-weekly strength training or control group that completed the 32-item Body Image and Relationships Scale (BIRS) at baseline and 12 months. Percent change in baseline to 12-month BIRS total and subscale scores, upper and lower body strength, and general quality of life (QOL) were compared by intervention status.

Weight lifting in women with breast-cancer-related lymphedema.

Background: Weight lifting has generally been proscribed for women with breast-cancer-related lymphedema, preventing them from obtaining the well-established health benefits of weight lifting, including increases in bone density.

Methods: We performed a randomized, controlled trial of twice-weekly progressive weight lifting involving 141 breast-cancer survivors with stable lymphedema of the arm. The primary outcome was the change in arm and hand swelling at 1 year, as measured through displaced water volume of the affected and unaffected limbs.

Physical Activity and Lymphedema (the PAL trial): assessing the safety of progressive strength training in breast cancer survivors.

Lymphedema is a chronic and progressive long-term adverse effect of breast cancer treatment commonly defined by swelling of the affected arm. Current clinical guidelines indicate that women with and at risk for lymphedema should protect the affected arm from overuse. In clinical practice, this often translates into risk aversive guidance to avoid using the arm.

Lymphedema and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: the Iowa Women's Health Study.

Purpose: The impact of lymphedema or related arm symptoms on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in breast cancer (BrCa) survivors has not been examined using a large population-based cohort.

Patients And Methods: The Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS) collected self-report data for lymphedema, arm symptoms, and HRQOL (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36) in 2004 and data for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and behavioral and health characteristics between 1986 and 2003. We studied 1,287 women, age 55 to 69 years at baseline, who developed unilateral BrCa.

The body image and relationships scale: development and validation of a measure of body image in female breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: A self-report measure of body image in female breast cancer survivors, the Body Image and Relationships Scale (BIRS), was developed to address attitudes about appearance, health, physical strength, sexuality, relationships, and social functioning following treatment.

Methods: The 32-item measure, generated by expert consensus and revised based on focus group feedback, was administered to 95 female breast cancer participants twice within 1 to 2 weeks. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the measure were assessed using standard-scale construction techniques.

Contact dermatitis of the hands: cross-sectional analyses of North American Contact Dermatitis Group Data, 1994-2004.

Background: Hand dermatitis, including irritant and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), is common.

Objective: To evaluate allergens, relevant irritants, sources and occupations associated with hand contact dermatitis using North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 22,025 patients patch tested between 1994 and 2004.