Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lindane on histo-morphometric and physio-biochemical parameters of Labeo rohita.

Lindane is a broad-spectrum insecticide widely used on fruits, vegetables, crops, livestock and on animal premises to control the insects and pests. The extensive use of pesticides and their residues in the soil and water typically join the food chain and thus accumulate in the body tissues of human and animals causing severe health effects. The study was designed to determine the toxicity effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lindane on hemato-biochemical profile and histo-pathological changes in Rohu (Labeo rohita).

Varying Doses of Rare-Earth-Metal-Based Neodymium Zirconate Zinc Sulfide Nanocomposite Disrupt Blood and Serum Parameters, as well as Markers of Oxidative Stress in the Selected Organs of Albino Mice.

Despite extensive industrial use, the biocompatibility of nanocomposites has not been extensively explored. The present study was designed to report the effect of variable doses of a newly synthesized nanocomposite, Neodymium Zirconate Zinc Sulfide, on selective serum and complete blood count parameters and on the oxidative stress markers from the vital organs of albino mice. Albino mice (C57BL/6 strain, 5 weeks old) of both sexes were orally treated for 11 days, either with 10 mg (low dose) or 20 mg/mL saline/kg body weight (high dose) of Neodymium Zirconate Zinc Sulfide nanocomposite.

Hematobiochemical, Oxidative Stress, and Histopathological Mediated Toxicity Induced by Nickel Ferrite (NiFeO) Nanoparticles in Rabbits.

From the past few decades, attention towards the biological evaluation of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased due to the persistent and extensive application of NPs in various fields, including biomedical science, modern industry, magnetic resonance imaging, and the construction of sensors. Therefore, in the current study, magnetic nickel ferrite (NiFeO) nanoparticles (NFNPs) were synthesized and evaluated for their possible adverse effects in rabbits. The crystallinity of the synthesized NFNPs was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique.

Effects of bisphenol a on hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological biomarkers in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) under long-term exposure.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced in the world and is frequently used in dental sealants, water bottles, food, and beverage packaging. Due to persistent applications, BPA has become a potential threat to a variety of organisms including public health. In this study, a total of 80 bighead carps were randomly placed in different four groups (A-D).

Evaluation of Oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and genotoxic potential of bisphenol A in fresh water bighead carp (Aristichthys nobils) fish at low concentrations.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the emerging contaminants associated with deleterious health effects on both public and wildlife and is extensively incorporated into different industrial products. Therefore, the current trial was conducted to determine the oxidative stress, status of different antioxidant enzymes and genotoxic potential of bisphenol A in fresh water fish at low concentrations. For this purpose, a total of 80 fresh water bighead carp (Aristicthys nobilis) received from commercial fish center were randomly divided and kept in four groups (A-D).

Histopathological changes and antioxidant responses in common carp () exposed to copper nanoparticles.

Despite the rapid increase of nanotechnology in a wide array of industrial sectors, the biosafety profile of nanomaterials remains undefined. The accelerated use of nanomaterials has increased the potential discharge of nanomaterials into the environment in different ways. The aquatic environment is mainly susceptible as it is likely to act as an ultimate sink for all contaminants.

Influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the IFNG towards susceptibility to tuberculosis in a Pakistani population.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global issue as one-third of the population worldwide is considered to be infected. TB has become a critical public health problem as a result of increasing drug resistance, which poses a challenge to current control strategies. Similar to environmental factors, genetic makeup of the host equally contributes to disease onset.

Genetic polymorphism in association with susceptibility to tuberculosis: a study in a Pakistani population.

Tuberculosis is becoming a global issue with raising occurrences; particularly in developing countries, the situation is alarming. Besides environmental factors, host genetic factors are vital in disease development. A demographical and genotypic analysis in relation to tuberculosis commencement is conducted in a Pakistani population, and genotypic frequency of EBI3 (rs4740) was analyzed.

Ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera on copper nanoparticle induced toxicity in Cyprinus carpio assessed by histology and oxidative stress markers.

Nanoparticles (NPs) enter the environment mainly through waste water effluents, accidental spillage, and industrial runoffs. This is worrying because NPs can enter the human body owing to their large aspect-to-size ratio and reactive surfaces that facilitate their penetration through biological barriers and thus can induce oxidative stress in host cells. Therefore, there is a growing concern about the toxicity of NPs, which needs to be addressed.

Fibreoptic intubation in airway management: a review article.

Since the first use of the flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope, a plethora of new airway equipment has become available. It is essential for clinicians to understand the role and limitations of the available equipment to make appropriate choices. The recent 4th National Audit Project conducted in the United Kingdom found that poor judgement with inappropriate choice of equipment was a contributory factor in airway morbidity and mortality.

Investigating the bioavailability of graphene quantum dots in lung tissues via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Biomolecular fractions affect the fate and behaviour of quantum dots (QDs) in living systems but how the interactions between biomolecules and QDs affect the bioavailability of QDs is a major knowledge gap in risk assessment analysis. The transport of QDs after release into a living organism is a complex process. The majority accumulate in the lungs where they can directly affect the inhalation process and lung architecture.

Assessment of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) Induced Hepatotoxicity and Ameliorative Effects of Cinnamomum cassia in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

This study assessed the protective effects of Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon) bark extract in rats exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles or titanium dioxide bulk salt. For in vivo evaluation of the ameliorative role of the cinnamon extract, the experimental groups were orally administered with the cinnamon extract at different dose levels (50 or 100 or 150 mg/kg bodyweight) along with the subcutaneous injections of 150 mg/kg bodyweight titanium dioxide nanoparticles or titanium dioxide bulk salt. The extract showed significant ameliorative role on the antioxidant system in response to elevated levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticles or titanium dioxide bulk salt-induced oxidative stress.

Pectins functionalized biomaterials; a new viable approach for biomedical applications: A review.

Pectins are natural complex heteropolysaccharides, composed of (1, 4)-linked α-d-galacturonic acid residues and variety of neutral sugars such as rhamnose, galactose and arabinose. It is second most abundant component of the cell wall of all land plants. It has wide applications in various fields due to its use as gelling, emulsifying or stabilizing agent and as well as its non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable nature.

Blends and composites of exopolysaccharides; properties and applications: A review.

Exopolysaccharides are synthesized by bacteria and secreted into the external environment and they may be homopolymeric or heteropolymeric in configuration. They are believed to protect bacterial cells from heavy metals, desiccation or other environmental effect. EPS exhibit antitumor, anti-HIV, emulsion stabilization capacity, shear-thinning activity, suspension ability, high viscosities, excellent biocompatibility, high biodegradability and immunomodulatory properties.

A study on chemical composition and detection of chemical adulteration in tetra pack milk samples commercially available in Multan.

The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the chemical composition of 8 tetra pack milk samples, Olpers (S1), Haleeb (S2), Good milk (S3), Everyday (S4), Milk Pack (S5), Dairy Queen (S6), Dairy Umang (S7), Nurpur (S8) available in local markets and to detect the presence of various chemical adulterants in tetra pack milk samples in Southern Punjab (Pakistan). Density, pH, solid not fat, total solids, lactometer reading, specific gravity and fat contents were analyzed to determine the chemical composition of milk samples. Our results revealed that all the studied parameters had statistically non significant differences (P>0.

Process monitoring in intensive care with the use of cumulative expected minus observed mortality and risk-adjusted P charts.

Introduction: A health care system is a complex adaptive system. The effect of a single intervention, incorporated into a complex clinical environment, may be different from that expected. A national database such as the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre (ICNARC) Case Mix Programme in the UK represents a centralised monitoring, surveillance and reporting system for retrospective quality and comparative audit.