Outcomes of bidirectional Glenn surgery done without prior cardiac catheterization.

Background: Cardiac catheterization is usually done routinely in patients with univentricular hearts before palliative Bidirectional Glenn (BDG) surgery. The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients with physiological univentricular hearts and restrictive pulmonary flow that did not undergo routine cardiac catheterization before BDG with the patients that did have cardiac catheterization done. We retrospectively reviewed the data of all patients with single ventricle physiology and restrictive pulmonary blood flow who underwent BDG surgery from January 2016 till December 2020.

Interruptions during medication work in a Saudi Arabian hospital: An observational and interview study of nurses.

Purpose: To examine the nature of the interruptions during medication work.

Design: An exploratory descriptive design was used with 28 nurses during 15 medication rounds in the medical, surgical, and gynecology wards at a 1000-bed tertiary teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Non-participant prospective observational and follow-up interview methods were used to collect data.