The supply and demand for rehabilitation health workforce in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Adequate supply of rehabilitation health workforce is a prerequisite for enhancing access to rehabilitation care. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data regarding the supply of rehabilitation health workers in Saudi Arabia.

Aims: To determine the need for, and supply of, rehabilitation workforce, and investigate the relationship between rehabilitation workforce supply and rehabilitation needs in Saudi Arabia.

Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of .

is a leading cause of biofilm-associated infections, particularly catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) that are mostly recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. One approach to reducing the burden of CRBSIs is inhibiting biofilm formation on catheters. Owing to their prodigious microbial diversity, bacterial endophytes might be a valuable source of biosurfactants, which are known for their great capacity to disperse microbial biofilms.

Hormonal drugs: Influence on growth, biofilm formation, and adherence of selected gut microbiota.

Many studies have reported the influence of hormonal drugs on gut microbiota composition. However, the underlying mechanism of this interaction is still under study. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the possible changes in selected members of gut bacteria exposed to oral hormonal drugs used for years.

State of the art in epitope mapping and opportunities in COVID-19.

The understanding of any disease calls for studying specific biological structures called epitopes. One important tool recently drawing attention and proving efficiency in both diagnosis and vaccine development is epitope mapping. Several techniques have been developed with the urge to provide precise epitope mapping for use in designing sensitive diagnostic tools and developing rpitope-based vaccines (EBVs) as well as therapeutics.

The RND Efflux Pump Gene Expression in the Biofilm Formation of .

Multidrug resistant (MDR) is a critical opportunistic pathogen in healthcare-associated infections (HAI). This is attributed to several factors, including its ability to develop biofilms that can enhance antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in addition to creating an environment for horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The role of the efflux pump in biofilm formation is important for studies on alternative treatments for biofilms.

Novel linezolid loaded bio-composite films as dressings for effective wound healing: experimental design, development, optimization, and antimicrobial activity.

Biphasic release bio-composite films of the low water-soluble drug, linezolid (LNZ), were formulated using the solvent casting technique. Different polymers and plasticizers (gelatin, Tween 80, polyethylene glycol 400, and glycerol) were assessed for the preparation of bio-composite films. An I-optimal design was applied for the optimization and to study the impact of polymer concentration (X), plasticizer concentration (X), polymer type (X), and plasticizer type (X) on different LNZ-loaded bio-composite films.

Silicone Foley catheters impregnated with microbial indole derivatives inhibit crystalline biofilm formation by .

is a common causative agent for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). The crystalline biofilm formation by causes catheter encrustation and blockage leading to antibiotic treatment resistance. Thus, biofilm formation inhibition on catheters becomes a promising alternative for conventional antimicrobial-based treatment that is associated with rapid resistance development.

Indole Derivatives Obtained from Egyptian sp. Soil Isolates Exhibit Antivirulence Activities against Uropathogenic .

is a frequent cause of catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Several virulence factors contribute to its pathogenesis, but swarming motility, biofilm formation, and urease activity are considered the hallmarks. The increased prevalence in antibiotic resistance among uropathogens is alarming and requires searching for new treatment alternatives.

Co-Existence of Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii from Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen, which can acquire new resistance genes. Infections by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) in cancer patients cause high mortality.

Biofilm: Development and Therapeutic Strategies.

is a Gram negative bacterium that is a frequent cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Its ability to cause such infections is mostly related to the formation of biofilms on catheter surfaces. In order to form biofilms, expresses a number of virulence factors.

First-time characterization of viable but non-culturable Proteus mirabilis: Induction and resuscitation.

Pathogenic bacteria can enter into a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state under unfavourable conditions. Proteus mirabilis is responsible for dire clinical consequences including septicaemia, urinary tract infections and pneumonia, but is not a species previously known to enter VBNC state. We suggested that stress-induced P.

Comparative lyophilized platelet-rich plasma wafer and powder for wound-healing enhancement: formulation, and studies.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) accelerates wound healing, as it is an excellent source of growth factors. PRP was separated from whole human blood by centrifugation. PRP powder and wafers were prepared by lyophilization, with the wafers prepared using sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC).

Probiotic Lactobacillus sp. inhibit growth, biofilm formation and gene expression of caries-inducing Streptococcus mutans.

Streptococcus mutans contributes significantly to dental caries, which arises from homoeostasic imbalance between host and microbiota. We hypothesized that Lactobacillus sp. inhibits growth, biofilm formation and gene expression of Streptococcus mutans.

Carriage frequency, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dental health-care personnel, patients, and environment.

There is limited data on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in dental clinics. 1300 specimens from patients, health personnel, and environmental surfaces of a dental clinic in Egypt were tested for MRSA. Antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation, Staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing, SCCmec typing, and PCR-based assays were used to detect mecA, mecC, vanA, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin toxin (PVL), and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tst) genes.

Molecular typing and virulence analysis of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates recovered from Egyptian hospitals.

Klebsiella pneumonia infection rates have increased dramatically. Molecular typing and virulence analysis are powerful tools that can shed light on Klebsiella pneumonia infections. Whereas 77.

Effects of Selected Egyptian Honeys on the Cellular Ultrastructure and the Gene Expression Profile of Escherichia coli.

The purpose of this study was to: (i) evaluate the antibacterial activities of three Egyptian honeys collected from different floral sources (namely, citrus, clover, and marjoram) against Escherichia coli; (ii) investigate the effects of these honeys on bacterial ultrastructure; and (iii) assess the anti-virulence potential of these honeys, by examining their impacts on the expression of eight selected genes (involved in biofilm formation, quorum sensing, and stress survival) in the test organism. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the honey samples against E. coli ATCC 8739 were assessed by the broth microdilution assay in the presence and absence of catalase enzyme.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections in Egyptian hospitals.

The incidence of resistance by Enterobacteriaceae to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors combination is increasing in Egypt. Three phenotypic techniques, comprising AmpC disk diffusion and inhibition dependent methods using phenylboronic acid (PBA) and cloxacillin, were compared to PCR based method for detection of plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamase in common urinary tract isolates. A total of 143 isolates, including E.