Natural Inhibitors of MDR Efflux Pumps AcrAB and AcrD: An Integrated In Silico, Molecular, and In Vitro Investigation.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) remains a significant global health threat. This study aimed to explore the potential of essential oil components as novel inhibitors of the MDR efflux pumps AcrAB and AcrD. isolates were characterized for serotype, antibiotic resistance, and efflux pump activity.

Cross vision transformer with enhanced Growth Optimizer for breast cancer detection in IoMT environment.

The recent advances in artificial intelligence modern approaches can play vital roles in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Automatic diagnosis is one of the most important topics in the IoMT, including cancer diagnosis. Breast cancer is one of the top causes of death among women.

Boosting Sinh Cosh Optimizer and arithmetic optimization algorithm for improved prediction of biological activities for indoloquinoline derivatives.

Quantitative Structure Activity Relation (QSAR) models are mathematical techniques used to link structural characteristics with biological activities, thus considered a useful tool in drug discovery, hazard evaluation, and identifying potentially lethal molecules. The QSAR regulations are determined by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). QSAR models are helpful in discovering new drugs and chemicals to treat severe diseases.

Ionic Liquids Immobilized Synthesis of New Xanthenes Derivatives and their Antiproliferative, Molecular Docking, and Morphological Studies.

Background: Xanthenes and benzoxanthenesare are highly valuable compounds in organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry. Xanthene derivatives were found to have many applications in medicinal chemistry.

Objective: This work aims to explore the synthesis of xanthene derivatives with various substituents and find the possibility of their uses as anticancer agents.

Optimal Skin Cancer Detection Model Using Transfer Learning and Dynamic-Opposite Hunger Games Search.

Recently, pre-trained deep learning (DL) models have been employed to tackle and enhance the performance on many tasks such as skin cancer detection instead of training models from scratch. However, the existing systems are unable to attain substantial levels of accuracy. Therefore, we propose, in this paper, a robust skin cancer detection framework for to improve the accuracy by extracting and learning relevant image representations using a MobileNetV3 architecture.

Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Gene Detection, and Biofilm Formation in spp. Isolated from Fish and Humans in Egypt.

The genus is widely distributed in aquatic environments and is recognized as a potential human pathogen. Some species are able to cause a wide spectrum of diseases, mainly gastroenteritis, skin and soft-tissue infections, bacteremia, and sepsis. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of spp.

Medical Image Classifications for 6G IoT-Enabled Smart Health Systems.

As day-to-day-generated data become massive in the 6G-enabled Internet of medical things (IoMT), the process of medical diagnosis becomes critical in the healthcare system. This paper presents a framework incorporated into the 6G-enabled IoMT to improve prediction accuracy and provide a real-time medical diagnosis. The proposed framework integrates deep learning and optimization techniques to render accurate and precise results.

Consensus Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treat-To-Target Management of Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages G4-G5D and Post-transplantation: An Initiative of Egyptian Academy of Bone Health.

Objective: The aim of this study was to reach a consensus on an updated version of the recommendations for the diagnosis and Treat-to-Target management of osteoporosis that is effective and safe for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) G4-G5D/kidney transplant.

Methods: Delphi process was implemented (3 rounds) to establish a consensus on 10 clinical domains: (1) study targets, (2) risk factors, (3) diagnosis, (4) case stratification, (5) treatment targets, (6) investigations, (7) medical management, (8) monitoring, (9) management of special groups, (10) fracture liaison service. After each round, statements were retired, modified, or added in view of the experts' suggestions, and the percent agreement was calculated.

The Role of Ultrasound in Evaluating the Effect of Urate-lowering Drugs in Gout Patients.

Background: Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthritis, where identification of MSU crystals in synovial fluid is a widely used diagnostic measure. Ultrasonography has a great sensitivity in detecting signs of MSU deposits, such as tophi and double contour (DC), as mentioned in the latest gout criteria, allowing early clinical diagnosis and therapy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in ultrasound of gout patients' knee and 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1) after initiation of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) drugs in the six-month period.

Can Complete Blood Count Picture Tell Us More About the Activity of Rheumatological Diseases?

Background: In clinical practice, distinguishing disease activity in patients with rheumatological illnesses is challenging.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate clinical associations of hemogram-derived indices, namely: red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: In 250 patients with rheumatological disease and 100 healthy age-matched controls, we investigated disease activity scores and indicators and evaluated their association with hemogram-derived indices values.

Synthesis of Fused Quinoline Derivatives With Antiproliferative Activities and Tyrosine Kinases, Pim-1 Kinase Inhibitions.

Cyclohexan-1,3-dione (1) reacted with either 2-aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (2a) or diethyl 3-amino-2-cyanopent-2-enedioate (2b) to give the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives 3a and 3b, respectively. The latter compounds underwent further heterocyclization reactions to give the thieno[2',3':5,6]benzo[1,2-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives. On the other hand, the reaction of compound 1 with trichloroacetonitrile afforded the (2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)cyclohexane derivative 14.

Post-COVID-19 arthritis: is it hyperinflammation or autoimmunity?

Background:  Various musculoskeletal and autoimmune manifestations have been described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and etiology of arthritis in post-COVID Egyptian patients. Methods: We included 100 post-COVID Egyptian patients who recovered 6 months ago and assessed several inflammatory and autoimmune markers.

IoT Workflow Scheduling Using Intelligent Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm in Fog Computing.

Instead of the cloud, the Internet of things (IoT) activities are offloaded into fog computing to boost the quality of services (QoSs) needed by many applications. However, the availability of continuous computing resources on fog computing servers is one of the restrictions for IoT applications since transmitting the large amount of data generated using IoT devices would create network traffic and cause an increase in computational overhead. Therefore, task scheduling is the main problem that needs to be solved efficiently.

Anti-proliferative, c-Met Inhibitions, and PAINS Evaluations of New Thiophene, Thiazole, Coumarin, Pyran, and Pyridine Derivatives.

Background: 1,3-Diones are versatile reagents used for many heterocyclic transformations. Among such groups of compounds, cyclohexane-1,3-dione is widely used in organic synthesis to produce biologically active compounds.

Objective: In this work, target molecules were synthesized from tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-3- carboxamide derivative with different substituents, and their structure-activity relationships were discussed in detail.

An Electric Fish-Based Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for Feature Selection.

With the widespread use of intelligent information systems, a massive amount of data with lots of irrelevant, noisy, and redundant features are collected; moreover, many features should be handled. Therefore, introducing an efficient feature selection (FS) approach becomes a challenging aim. In the recent decade, various artificial methods and swarm models inspired by biological and social systems have been proposed to solve different problems, including FS.

Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage.

Kombucha is a traditional beverage of sweetened black tea fermented with a symbiotic association of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. In this study, kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) appeared to include nine chemical groups (alcohols, acids, lactones, condensed heterocyclic compounds, antibiotics, esters, aldehydes, fatty acids, and alkaloids) of many bioactive metabolites, as elucidated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and IR spectra. The fermented metabolic components of KFB seem collectively to act in a synergistic action giving rise to the antimicrobial activity.

Multi-component Reactions of Cyclohexan-1,3-diketones to Produce Fused Pyran Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activities and Tyrosine Kinases and Pim-1 Kinase Inhibitions.

In this work the multi-component reactions of either of the arylhydrazocyclohexan-1,3-dione derivatives 3a-c with either of benzaldehyde (4a), 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (4b) or 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (4c) and either malononitrile (5a) or ethyl cyanoacetate (5b) giving the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene derivatives 6a-r, respectively, are presented. The reaction of two equivalents of cyclohexan-1,3-dione with benzaldehyde gave the hexahydro-1H-xanthene-1,8(2H)-dione derivative 7. On the other hand, the multi-component reactions of compound 1 with dimedone and benzaldehyde gave 13.

Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kefir Fermented Beverage.

Kefir beverage (KB) is a fermented milk initiated by kefir grains rich with starter probiotics. The KB produced in this study seemed to contain many chemical compounds elucidated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and IR spectra. These compounds could be classified into different chemical groups such as alcohols, phenols, esters, fatty esters, unsaturated fatty esters, steroids, polyalkenes, heterocyclic compounds and aromatic aldehydes.

Efficient artificial intelligence forecasting models for COVID-19 outbreak in Russia and Brazil.

COVID-19 is a new member of the Coronaviridae family that has serious effects on respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological systems. COVID-19 spreads quickly worldwide and affects more than 41.5 million persons (till 23 October 2020).

An Unusual Presentation of a Rare Scleroderma Mimic: What is Behind the Scenes?

Background: Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease. Many conditions mimic the presentation of SSc, especially skin thickening and fibrosis. One of these conditions is scleredema, a rare collagen and mucin deposition disorder which was found to be associated with diabetes mellitus, streptococcal infection or monoclonal gammopathy.

Uses of Cyclohexan-1,4-dione for the Synthesis of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-6(7H)-one Derivatives with Anti-proliferative and Pim-1 Kinase Activities.

The reaction of cyclohexan-1,4-dione with elemental sulfur and any of the 2-cyano-N-arylacetamide derivatives 2a-c gave the 2-amino-4,5-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-6(7H)-one derivatives 3a-c to be used in some heterocyclization reactions. The multicomponent reactions of any of compounds 3a-c with aromatic aldehydes 6a-c and either of malononitrile or ethylcyanoacetate gave the 5,9-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-f]chromene derivatives 9a-r, respectively. The anti-proliferative evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds against the six cancer cell lines A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and H460 showed that the nine compounds 3c, 5c, 9e, 9h, 9i, 9j, 9l, 9q, 11e and 13e with highest cytotoxcity.

New approaches for the synthesis of thiophene derivatives with anti-tumor activities.

The reaction of either cyclohexanone or cyclopentanone with cyanoacetylhydrazine and elemental sulfur gave the 2-aminocycloalkeno[b]thiophene derivatives 3a and 3b, respectively. The latter compounds reacted with either aromatic benzaldehydes or active methylene reagents to give the Schiff's bases 5a-d and the pyrazole derivatives 7a-d and 9a-d, respectively. On the other hand, the reaction of 3-oxo-N-p-tolylbutanamide (10) with either of malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate gave the thiophene derivatives 13a and 13b, respectively.