Rapid protection induced by a single-shot Lassa vaccine in male cynomolgus monkeys.

Lassa fever hits West African countries annually in the absence of licensed vaccine to limit the burden of this viral hemorrhagic fever. We previously developed MeV-NP, a single-shot vaccine protecting cynomolgus monkeys against divergent strains one month or more than a year before Lassa virus infection. Given the limited dissemination area during outbreaks and the risk of nosocomial transmission, a vaccine inducing rapid protection could be useful to protect exposed people during outbreaks in the absence of preventive vaccination.

Protective effects of the imidazoline-like drug lnp599 in a marmoset model of obesity-induced metabolic disorders.

Background/objectives: Overweight and obesity are undoubtable risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and significantly contribute to the global morbi-mortality. We previoulsy reported that LNP599, a pharmacological imidazoline-like activator of hepatic AMPK/adiponectin signaling, protects against the development of adiposity and obesity and the associated cardio-metabolic disorders, suggesting that it may be a suitable drug candidate for a therapeutic approach targeting the development of obesity at very early stages. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the metabolic effects of LNP599 in a model of diet-induced overweight and metabolic disorders in a nonhuman primate, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), and more particularly to establish the impact of the compound on cholesterol homeostasis, i.

[Medical service use for infertility in French private sector].

Objectives: This study presents nationally representative estimates and trends for infertility service use among women aged 25-43 and men aged 25-49 in France in 2013-2016.

Methods: Two retrospective repeated cross-sectional analyses for years 2013 to 2016 were performed on the statutory French health care insurance reimbursement database for independent workers. Use rate was calculated on the number of individuals who underwent at least one infertility service within the studied year per women and men who utilized health services the same year.

Publisher Correction: Lipidome determinants of maximal lifespan in mammals.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Cestode infections in non-human primates suggest the existence of zoonotic cycles in the area surrounding the Strasbourg primatology center.

Background: Several cases of infections due to Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia martis and Taenia crassiceps were recently described in various species of captive non-human primates (NHPs) harbored in the Strasbourg Primate Center (SPC). Furthermore, one of the first cases of human cysticercosis due to T. martis was described in the Strasbourg region.

Evaluation of a new balloon for fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion in the nonhuman primate model.

Objective: We developed a new balloon called "Smart-TO," which allows noninvasive and easy unplugging, thanks to a magnetic valve actuated by the magnetic fringe field of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The objective of this feasibility study was to evaluate the operation of this new balloon in a nonhuman primate model.

Methods: Four pregnant rhesus monkeys underwent fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion using the "Smart-TO" balloon.

Health care services and disease modifying therapies use in community-based multiple sclerosis patients: Evolution from 2013 to 2015 and demographic characteristics.

Interest Of The Work: Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease modifying therapies (DMT) utilization increased during the last decade with the approval of new drugs. Symptomatic treatments also play an important role. Describing time trends and demographic characteristics for DMT and symptomatic treatments utilization in population-based MS patients will lead to a better knowledge of the resources distribution.

[Evaluation of the risk of postoperative bleeding complications in hand surgery without interruption of anticoagulant Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA), a retrospective study].

Objective: The management of patients on Vitamine K Antagonist (VKA) anticoagulation is a public health issue with surgery being the primary cause of VKA interruption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bleeding risk in patients operated on hand surgery without interruption of VKA treatment.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective, monocentric study was conducted between 2013 and 2015.

Lipidome determinants of maximal lifespan in mammals.

Maximal lifespan of mammalian species, even if closely related, may differ more than 10-fold, however the nature of the mechanisms that determine this variability is unresolved. Here, we assess the relationship between maximal lifespan duration and concentrations of more than 20,000 lipid compounds, measured in 669 tissue samples from 6 tissues of 35 species representing three mammalian clades: primates, rodents and bats. We identify lipids associated with species' longevity across the three clades, uncoupled from other parameters, such as basal metabolic rate, body size, or body temperature.

Description of vertebral and liver alveolar echinococcosis cases in Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

Background: Echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, is a fox tapeworm widely distributed in Europe with an increase of endemic area in recent years. Many mammal species including humans and non-human primates can be infected by accidental ingestion of eggs.

Case Presentation: In March 2011, a 5-year-old zoo-raised male cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented a paresis of the lower limbs which evolved into paralysis.

[Self-employed and small business owners diagnosed with cancer: effect on entrepreneurial survival].

Aim: When self-employed andsmall business owners are diagnosed with cancer what is the effect on their small-firm survival duration?

Methods: Data Sources: secondary data for 3,587 subjects, 18-65 years, working when diagnosed with cancer in 1995-2009 and a comparison group of 27,688 subjects matched for gender, age and occupation. Study design: a comprehensive population-based longitudinal study. A Cox model described time to failures of small businesses and terminations ofself-employment.

Experimental fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys: nonhuman primate models.

Objective: The monkey model is the best model to investigate some physiological response to the fetal transitory tracheal occlusion but it has never been described in Macaca monkeys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) in a non-human primate model.

Methods: Pregnant rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus were tested as a potential experimental model for FETO in the third trimester of pregnancy, by performing fetal tracheoscopies with and without tracheal occlusion.

First case of peritoneal cysticercosis in a non-human primate host (Macaca tonkeana) due to Taenia martis.

Background: Infections with larval stages (metacestodes) of a variety of taeniid species have been described in primates, including humans, with partial to severe clinical consequences. Taenia martis is a tapeworm of mustelids, and martens are mainly their definitive hosts in Central Europe. In the rodent intermediate host cysticerci develop in the pleural and peritoneal cavities.

MRI dedicated to bones and joints: what are their market shares in terms of number of patients in private practice in France?

Purpose: The French government plans to install MRI facilities dedicated to musculoskeletal indications. We have analyzed the use of imaging investigations in the community to assess their market share.

Materials And Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of all reimbursements during the year 2012 by the French Social Plan for Independent Workers for 4 imaging methods for a musculoskeletal indication (MRI, CT scan with or without opacification and contrast-enhanced conventional radiography).

Characterization of the 9L gliosarcoma implanted in the Fischer rat: an orthotopic model for a grade IV brain tumor.

Among rodent models for brain tumors, the 9L gliosarcoma is one of the most widely used. Our 9L-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) model was developed from cells acquired at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (NY, USA) in 1997 and implanted in the right caudate nucleus of syngeneic Fisher rats. It has been largely used by the user community of the ESRF during the last decade, for imaging, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, including innovative treatments based on particular irradiation techniques and/or use of new drugs.

[Respiratory pathology and occupation among self-employed workers].

Aim: In occupational health insurance, co-payment exemptions for severe chronic respiratory failure and reimbursements for domiciliary oxygen therapy can be used as markers of severe chronic respiratory insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of markers of respiratory disease between different occupations.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of the reimbursement database of the French Régime Social des Indépendants (public health insurance scheme for self-employed workers), focusing on gender, occupation and place of residence.

[Trends in prevalence of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for adults from 2006 to 2010].

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution from 2006 to 2010 of the prevalence of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for the beneficiaries of two regional health care insurance funds (17 and 43).

Methods: One million forty-eight thousand four hundred and thirty beneficiary-years were analyzed from 2006 to 2010. The prevalence of continuous positive airway pressure treatment was tested with regard to the effect of the year of delivery.

[Psychotropic medication use by French active self-employed workers].

Unlabelled: INTERESTS OF THE STUDY: In the self-employed workers population (shop keepers, craft men, industrialists and liberal professions), psychotropic medications use and discrepancies between occupational situations have never been evaluated before. It is nevertheless a prerequisite in preventive actions against addictions, stress and injuries caused by disorders of attentiveness at work.

Method: The French Self Employed Workers Health Care Insurance Fund affiliate members data base was analysed for active workers from 18 to 60 years of age living in the Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur Region.

[Should we reconstruct the flexor retinaculum in the carpal tunnel?].

Conflicting data in the literature justify this review about the flexor retinaculum (FR). Reconstruction of the FR following carpal tunnel open release has been recommended in order to limit the drawbacks of open carpal tunnel release; these drawbacks have been reported in wide series of results published between 1956 and 1988. This paper includes a review of the literature, a survey of the practice of the members of the French society for surgery of the hand (GEM), a self-evaluation of grip strength as well as a summary of indications.

Enhancement of survival of 9L gliosarcoma bearing rats following intracerebral delivery of drugs in combination with microbeam radiation therapy.

Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a form of radiosurgery first dedicated to the treatment of brain tumors. It uses arrays of synchrotron generated X-rays microbeams of very high doses (typically 625 Gy). Microbeams are typically few micrometers large (25 microm) and few hundred micrometers spaced (200 microm).

Irradiation of intracerebral 9L gliosarcoma by a single array of microplanar x-ray beams from a synchrotron: balance between curing and sparing.

The purpose of this work was the understanding of microbeam radiation therapy at the ESRF in order to find the best compromise between curing of tumors and sparing of normal tissues, to obtain a better understanding of survival curves and to report its efficiency. This method uses synchrotron-generated x-ray microbeams. Rats were implanted with 9L gliosarcomas and the tumors were diagnosed by MRI.

Electra trapezio metacarpal prosthesis: results of the first 100 cases.

The Elektra trapeziometacarpal prosthesis is a cementless, unconstrained prosthesis made by Fixano with titanium and chrome-cobalt steel. This paper examines the results of the first 100 prostheses used by the author for one indication only, viz. painful trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis.

New irradiation geometry for microbeam radiation therapy.

Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) has the potential to treat infantile brain tumours when other kinds of radiotherapy would be excessively toxic to the developing normal brain. MRT uses extraordinarily high doses of x-rays but provides unusual resistance to radioneurotoxicity, presumably from the migration of endothelial cells from 'valleys' into 'peaks', i.e.