A proposal for analyzing the inflammatory and remodeling processes of mucosa in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis through MRI.

Objectives: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP) is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling process. The remodeling process in nasal polyps has mainly been studied by histology analysis. However, it is limited to a polyp fragment and requires tissue removal.

Effect of Body Weight on Response to Nasal Glucocorticoid Treatment in Allergic Rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis is among the most common chronic diseases in the world. Obesity can lead to a chronic systemic inflammatory process. In this study, we evaluated the effects of body weight on the response to treatment of allergic rhinitis with nasal corticosteroids.

Changes in behavioral and cognitive abilities after rapid maxillary expansion in children affected by persistent snoring after long-term adenotonsillectomy: A noncontrolled study.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to verify changes in behavioral abilities and cognitive functions after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in children with refractory sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in the long term after adenotonsillectomy.

Methods: A prospective clinical trial study using RME therapy was conducted. Participant inclusion criteria were children who had adenotonsillectomy with maxillary transverse deficiency and persistent SDB (obstructive apnea-hypopnea index ≥1).

Preliminary short-term outcomes of rapid maxillary expansion on periodic limb movements during sleep in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing.

Objective: To assess the short-term outcome of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) in children with residual snoring after late adenotonsillectomy (AT).

Methods: This prospective clinical trial included 24 patients treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Participants' inclusion criteria were children with maxillary constriction aged 5-12 years who had AT for more than two years and those whose parents/guardians reported that they still snored ≥4 nights per week.

The effects of rapid maxillary expansion on persistent pediatric snoring post-tonsillectomy.

Purpose: To investigate the short-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the quality of life of children who had persistent snoring post-adenotonsillectomy (AT).

Methods: The study included children with maxillary constriction aged 5 to 12 years, two or more years after AT whose parents/guardians reported that they still snored ≥ 5 nights per week. We enrolled children with sleep-disordered breathing, including children with primary snoring and children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

A clinical trial on 3D CT scan and polysomnographyc changes after rapid maxillary expansion in children with snoring.

Objective: The present prospective clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the airway, correlating airway volumes obtained on multi-slice computed tomography and polysomnography assessment of oxygen saturation and apnea/hypopnea index.

Methods: Twenty-four patients (11 with obstructive sleep apnea and 13 with residual snoring, mean age 10.0 (1.

Rapid maxillary expansion in patient with obstructive sleep apnea: case report.

The aim of this case report was to evaluate the polysomnography indices, air space in the oropharyngeal region and quality of life scores using the OSA-18 questionnaire in a patient diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea before and after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). It is a case report with a male patient, seven years old, with maxillary hypoplasia, who underwent adenotonsillectomy surgery two years ago, had restless sleep, snore more than five times a week. Pre- and post-treatment diagnostic tests were performed, including nasofibroscopy, polysomnography, computed tomography, orthodontic records and the OSA-18 quality of life questionnaire.

Three-dimensional image study of accelerated maxillary expansion in oral breathing kids.

Objective: To evaluate, by a three-dimensional study, the volumetric and integumentary effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the nose, in mouth breathing kids with maxillary hypoplasia, in the short term, assessing the possible interference of gender, growth and age on the results achieved.

Methods: 120 mouth breathing patients with maxilla hypoplasia were divided into an Experimental Group treated by rapid maxillary expansion (n = 104, 62 males and 42 females, mean age 10.1 years, SD = 2.

Quality of life related to residual snoring after adenotonsillectomy: a pilot study.

Introduction: Few studies have addressed long-term quality of life related to residual snoring after adenotonsillectomy. The aim of this study was to compare scores from the OSA-18 questionnaire between children with residual snoring and non-snoring children two or more years after adenotonsillectomy.

Material And Methods: The sample comprised 25 children divided into two groups, a group of 14 snoring children, and a control group of 11 non-snoring children.

Patients' understanding of "informed consent" in plastic surgery.

Objective: To assess the patient's understanding of the informed consent form before and after plastic surgery.

Methods: This was a prospective analytical descriptive study that utilized a questionnaire on informed consent before and after plastic surgery procedures.

Results: Comprehension of informed consent was higher before surgery than after surgery (p=0.

Effectiveness of functional orthodontic appliances in obstructive sleep apnea treatment in children: literature review.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a common condition in childhood and if left untreated can result in many health problems. An accurate diagnosis of the etiology is crucial for obstructive sleep apnea treatment success. Functional orthodontic appliances that stimulate mandibular growth by forward mandibular positioning are an alternative therapeutic option in growing patients.

The impact of positive airway pressure on midface growth: a literature review.

Introduction: The treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with positive airway pressure in children is restricted due to concerns that it could affect maxilla growth over time.

Objective: To undertake a systematic review of the literature about the long-term impact of using a positive airway pressure mask on the midface in growing individuals.

Methods: The literature search was conducted in September 2019 using the keywords ("long-term" OR "long term" OR "side effects" OR longitudinal) AND (children OR child OR preschool OR adolescents OR adolescent OR infant OR infants) AND (craniofacial OR "mid-face" OR midface OR midfacial OR facial OR maxillary) AND ("airway pressure" OR ventilation) in the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Lilacs.

Cone beam computed tomography in assessment on pharynx effects of orthopedic-surgical treatment - a review of the literature.

The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image provides clear differentiation of soft tissues from empty spaces. This paper presents a literature review to evaluate the effects of orthopedic and surgical treatment on the pharyngeal dimension by CBCT. It was concluded that treatments involving dentofacial orthopedics and orthognathic surgery have been related with an increase in the upper airway volume.

Effect of topical corticosteroids on nasal patency after acute positive airway pressure exposure.

Introduction: Nasal congestion and obstruction are reported in the majority of continuous positive airway pressure users and are frequently cited as reasons for noncompliance. Baseline inflammation due to allergic rhinitis could increase or exacerbate the inflammatory effect of high airflow in the nasal cavity as the result of continuous positive airway pressure and lead to greater continuous positive airway pressure intolerance. In this setting, intranasal steroids would be expected to counteract the nasal inflammation caused by allergic rhinitis and/or continuous positive airway pressure.

Inflammatory markers in palatine tonsils of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Introduction: Obstrutive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction, associated with intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, and the main risk factor in childhood is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The lymphocytes in these structures are responsible for local and systemic immune responses.

Objective: Verify the levels of the inflammatory markers, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α, CRP and α1-GP, in the tonsils of children with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Clinical variables determining the success of adenotonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome.

Objectives: To evaluate the evolution of polysomnographic parameters of children with Down syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome submitted to adenotonsillectomy and the interaction of comorbidities on therapeutic outcome.

Methods: Ninety patients with Down syndrome and habitual snoring were identified between 2005 and 2015 in a Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Clinic. Parent's complaints were evaluated by the test of equality of two proportions.

Skeletal effects of RME in the transverse and vertical dimensions of the nasal cavity in mouth-breathing growing children.

Introduction:: Maxillary constriction is a dentoskeletal deformity characterized by discrepancy in maxilla/mandible relationship in the transverse plane, which may be associated with respiratory dysfunction.

Objective:: The objective of this study was to evaluate the skeletal effects of RME on maxillary and nasal transverse dimensions and compare the differences between males and females.

Methods:: Sixty-one mouth-breathers patients with skeletal maxillary constriction (35 males and 26 females, mean age 9.

Impact of rapid maxillary expansion on nasomaxillary complex volume in mouth-breathers.

Objective:: To assess the volumetric changes that occur in the nasomaxillary complex of mouth-breathing patients with transverse maxillary deficiency subjected to rapid maxillary expansion (RME).

Methods:: This was a controlled, prospective intervention study involving 38 mouth-breathing patients presenting with transverse maxillary deficiency, regardless of malocclusion type or race. Twenty-three of them comprised the experimental group, which was composed of 11 (47.

Short-term evaluation of tegumentary changes of the nose in oral breathers undergoing rapid maxillary expansion.

Introduction: Rapid maxillary expansion is an orthodontic and orthopedic procedure that can change the form and function of the nose. The soft tissue of the nose and its changes can influence the esthetics and the stability of the results obtained by this procedure.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the changes in nose dimensions after rapid maxillary expansion in oral breathers with maxillary atresia, using a reliable and reproducible methodology through computed tomography.

The impact of laronidase treatment in otolaryngological manifestations of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis.

Introduction: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of α-l-iduronidase. The otolaryngological findings include hearing loss, otorrhea, recurrent otitis, hypertrophy of tonsils and adenoid, recurrent rhinosinusitis, speech disorders, snoring, oral breathing and nasal obstruction.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of enzymatic replacement therapy with laronidase (Aldurazyme(®)) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS I), regarding sleep and hearing disorders, and clinical manifestations in the upper respiratory tract (URT).