Response of chia () to sowing times and phosphorus rates over two crop cycles.

Chia () is an annual oilseed crop of high nutritional value. This study aimed to analyze the performance of chia plants sown at different times and grown under different phosphorus rates. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at the Experimental Farm of the State University of Maringá, Umuarama, Brazil.

Genotypic variation in growth and lead accumulation among accessions.

Selecting (inter-varietal) for tolerance to metal-contamination has been proposed as a strategy to develop superior genotypes for phytoextraction of lead (Pb) through selection and breeding techniques. To understand the differences among accessions of a single species to Pb accumulation, a pot experiment was conducted with three accessions under levels of Pb added to the soil (0, 90, 180, and 540 mg kg). The duration of the growth period was 100 d.

Free fatty acids esterification catalyzed by acid Faujasite type zeolite.

The catalytic activity of the protonated form of H-Y(80) zeolite (Faujasite with high Si/Al ratio) was evaluated as an acid catalyst in the esterification step pre-treatment of FFA by means of the esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol in soybean oil. The zeolite structure was characterized by XRD and FTIR. Textural characterization was carried out by N physisorption.