Sex-Specific Insights into Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis in Significant Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Narrative Review.

In recent decades, a burgeoning interest in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has been prompted by a heightened awareness of its prevalence and the advent of dedicated percutaneous treatment approaches. Despite considerable understanding of its intricate anatomy and response to varying pressure and loading conditions, the impact of biological sex remains a subject of investigation. While TR typically afflicts more women, significant differences in TR etiology and post-treatment outcomes have not been conclusively established.

Cardiac magnetic resonance patterns of left ventricular remodeling in patients with severe aortic stenosis referred to surgical aortic valve replacement.

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is a common finding in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold-standard technique to evaluate LV remodeling. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and describe the patterns of LV adaptation in AS patients before and after surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Factor XI Inhibitors: A New Horizon in Anticoagulation Therapy.

Anticoagulation therapy has undergone significant evolution, marked by the emergence of direct oral anticoagulants with distinct advantages. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in managing residual thrombotic and bleeding risks, particularly among vulnerable populations. The pursuit of alternative drugs has honed in on factor XI/XIa inhibitors.

Histopathological myocardial changes in patients with severe aortic stenosis referred for surgical valve replacement: a cardiac magnetic resonance correlation study.

Aims: Myocardial fibrosis (MF) takes part in left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), driving the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure. The structural changes that occur in this transition are not fully enlightened. The aim of this study was to describe histopathological changes at endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in patients with severe AS referred to surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) and to correlate them with LV tissue characterization from pre-operative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Parameters of the mitral apparatus in patients with ischemic and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure consisting of several coordinating components: the , two leaflets, the and the papillary muscles. Due to the intricate interplay between the mitral valve and the left ventricle, a disease of the latter may influence the normal function of the former. As a consequence, valve insufficiency may arise despite the absence of organic valve disease.

Perceptions of cardiology, professional preferences and impact on career choices among Portuguese cardiologists: Results from the Portuguese Society of Cardiology's Women and Cardiology Task Force survey.

Introduction And Objectives: Cardiology has not been seen as an attractive specialty, and women have avoided it for many years. Some surveys have been performed in other countries, but in Portugal, the situation is largely unknown.

Methods: An online survey on perceptions of cardiology and professional preferences was sent to 1371 members of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, of whom 18.

External validation of the unifying concept for the quantitative assessment of functional mitral regurgitation.

Purpose: A novel conceptual framework was introduced to enhance the quantitative assessment of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and improve risk stratification. However, the data was derived from a single-center cohort and lack external validation. We aimed to validate the proposed algorithm using a different patient population.

Peak left atrial longitudinal strain is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with ventricular functional mitral regurgitation.

Purpose: Chronic mitral regurgitation promotes left atrial (LA) remodeling. However, the significance of LA dysfunction in the setting of ventricular functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) has not been fully investigated. Our aim was to assess the prognostic impact of peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS), a surrogate of LA function, in patients with FMR and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Prevalence and significance of relative apical sparing in aortic stenosis: insights from an echo and cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of patients referred for surgical aortic valve replacement.

Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence of relative apical sparing pattern (RASP) in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS), referred for surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR), to evaluate its significance, possible relation to amyloid deposition, and persistence after surgery.

Methods And Results: Prospective study of 150 consecutive patients [age 73 (interquartile range: 68-77), 51% women], with severe symptomatic AS referred to surgical AVR. All patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) before surgery.

Cardiovascular diseases in women - Consensus document of the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia, Sociedade Portuguesa de Ginecologia, Sociedade Portuguesa de Obstetrícia e Medicina Materno-Fetal, Sociedade Portuguesa de Contraceção e Associação Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar.

The main objective of this consensus statement from the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, the Portuguese Society of Gynecology, the Portuguese Society of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Portuguese Society of Contraception, Portuguese Association of General Practice and Family Medicine is to improve cardiovascular care for women. It includes a brief review of the state-of-the-art of cardiovascular diseases in women and of the links to other fields such as Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Endocrinology. It also provides final recommendations to help clinicians working in care of women's health.

Secondary mitral regurgitation: Maintaining coherence with the American Society of Echocardiography grading guidelines, which proportionality concept best predicts prognosis in the real world?

Introduction: Proportionality of secondary mitral regurgitation (sMR) may be a key factor in deciding whether a patient may benefit from mitral intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of two different concepts of proportionality and assess their ability to improve MR stratification proposed by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) guidelines.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (<50%) and at least mild sMR.

A Patent Foramen Ovale Grants Cardiac Output Over an Obstructive Primary Cardiac Lymphoma.

Primary cardiac lymphomas are extremely rare and involve mainly the pericardium. We present the case of a 77-year-old man with a germinal center diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causing severe right ventricular inflow obstruction. Clinical presentation of isolated dyspnea and severe desaturation and cyanosis were, otherwise, unexpected.

Achieving higher efficacy without compromising safety with factor XI inhibitors versus low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in major orthopedic surgery-Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In recent years, many important advances have been seen in anticoagulation therapy. However, bleeding risk is still a major concern. Factor XI (FXI) inhibition has emerged as a potential advantageous target to minimize this risk.

Assessing proportionate and disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation with individualized thresholds.

Aims: The concept of proportionate/disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) has been limited by the lack of a simple way to assess it and by the paucity of data showing its prognostic superiority. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of an individualized method of assessing FMR proportionality.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively identified 572 patients with at least mild FMR and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (<50%) under medical therapy.

Cardiac tumors: three decades of experience from a tertiary center: are we changing diagnostic work-up with new imaging tools?

Background: Primary cardiac tumours are relatively rare. Cardiac myxomas are the most prevalent and in a significant proportion of cases they are accidentally discovered in asymptomatic patients. Noninvasive definitive diagnosis remains challenging despite improvements provided by newer imaging tools.

Innovative transapical-transfemoral loop approach: First case of CoreValve implantation in a 19-mm Mitroflow during double valve-in-valve procedure.

An 80-year-old woman with rheumatic valve disease and two previous cardiac surgeries was admitted for heart failure exacerbation. The patient presented stenotic aortic 19-mm Mitroflow and mitral 31-mm Carpentier-Edwards bioprostheses, and was deemed inoperable due to frailty and prohibitive surgical risk. The heart team decided on a compassionate double valve-in-valve procedure, with transfemoral implantation of a 23-mm aortic CoreValve Evolut R and transapical implantation of a 29-mm mitral Edwards SAPIEN 3.

Pacemaker lead as an iatrogenic cause of right heart failure: Case report.

Technical advances in health care have improved patient survival and quality of life, but are not devoid of complications. We present the case of a 74-year-old woman with a history of hypertensive heart disease with preserved systolic function, atrial fibrillation and dyslipidemia. She had a DDDR pacemaker implanted in 2005 due to symptomatic complete atrioventricular block.

Long-term assessment of the Ross procedure in adults: Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up at 20 years.

Introduction: The Ross procedure is an alternative to standard aortic valve (AV) replacement in young and middle-aged patients. However, durability and incidence of reoperation remain a concern for most cardiac surgeons. Our aim was to assess very long-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of the Ross procedure.